Designation and standards
86CrMoV7 is the DIN/EN name for steel number 1.2327. It is classified as a low-alloy cold-work tool steel in EN ISO 4957 and DIN 17350, and EN ISO 4957 lists no direct AISI/SAE, AFNOR or British Standard counterpart.
| System | Designation | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Werkstoffnummer | 1.2327 | Stahl-Eisen-Liste |
| DIN / EN name | 86CrMoV7 | EN ISO 4957, DIN 17350 |
| AISI / SAE | No direct equivalent | Not applicable |
| AFNOR | No direct equivalent | Not applicable |
| BS | No direct equivalent | Not applicable |
| Common spellings | 86 CrMoV 7, 86CRMOV7, DIN 1.2327, W.-Nr. 1.2327 | Trade usage |
Because 86CrMoV7 has no AISI cross-reference, buyers outside Europe usually order it by the material number 1.2327. When you enquire with Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal, quoting either name is enough. We work to the EN ISO 4957 analysis unless your drawing says otherwise.
Chemical composition
86CrMoV7 (1.2327) contains 0.83–0.90 % carbon, 1.60–1.90 % chromium, 0.15–0.30 % molybdenum and 0.05–0.15 % vanadium, with phosphorus and sulphur each held to 0.030 % maximum.
| Element | Specified range | Typical heat | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.83–0.90 | 0.87 | Sets as-quenched martensite hardness |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30 | Deoxidation, slight solid-solution strengthening |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.30–0.45 | 0.38 | Hardenability, ties up sulphur |
| Chromium (Cr) | 1.60–1.90 | 1.75 | Deep hardening in large sections, carbide formation |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.15–0.30 | 0.28 | Resists temper softening, suppresses temper brittleness |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.05–0.15 | 0.10 | Grain refinement, fine wear-resistant carbides |
| Nickel (Ni) | Residual | 0.13 | Residual from charge, adds toughness |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.030 max | ≤ 0.020 | Impurity, promotes temper embrittlement |
| Sulphur (S) | 0.030 max | ≤ 0.015 | Impurity, lowers transverse toughness |
| Tungsten (W) | Not specified | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance | Balance | Not applicable |
The chromium level is set for deep hardening without the brittleness of a high-chromium grade. At 1.75 % Cr, 86CrMoV7 hardens through a heavy roll body and still keeps enough fracture toughness for a 600 mm barrel to run without cracking. On roll orders we ask our steel mill for phosphorus and sulphur below the standard limits, and we can hold tighter values on request.
Physical properties
At room temperature 86CrMoV7 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³, a modulus of elasticity of 210 GPa, thermal conductivity of 35.0 W/m·K and specific heat capacity of 0.46 J/g·K.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 | g/cm³ |
| Modulus of elasticity | 210 | GPa (10³ N/mm²) |
| Thermal conductivity | 35.0 | W/m·K |
| Electrical resistivity | 0.30 | Ω·mm²/m |
| Specific heat capacity | 0.46 | J/g·K |
| 20–100 °C | 20–200 °C | 20–300 °C | 20–400 °C | 20–500 °C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12.5 | 13.2 | 13.6 | 14.0 | 14.3 |
Thermal expansion figures are needed when a roll is shrink-fitted onto a shaft or runs against a chilled backing roll. Use 12.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C for interference calculations near ambient temperature and the 20–300 °C figure for warm mill service.
Heat treatment
86CrMoV7 is hardened from 800–850 °C with a water or oil quench to 64–67 HRC, then tempered between 200 °C and 600 °C. Soft annealing at 720–750 °C with slow furnace cooling brings it back to a maximum of 230 HB for machining.
Soft annealing
Heat to 720–750 °C and cool slowly in the furnace. Maximum hardness after annealing is 230 HB, which is the condition we ship rough-machined bars and blocks in unless a hardened delivery is ordered.
Stress relieving
After rough machining, heat to approximately 650 °C, hold 1–2 hours at temperature and air cool. On long roll bodies this step controls movement during the hardening quench, so it should not be skipped.
Hardening
Austenitise at 800–820 °C or 830–850 °C, then quench in water or oil. As-quenched hardness is 64–67 HRC. The lower austenitising window suits water quenching and thinner sections. The higher window with an oil quench is safer on heavy forgings. Temper immediately. A quenched 1.2327 forging should not be left standing overnight.
Tempering
Temper between 200 °C and 600 °C to reach the working hardness. Cold mill work rolls are normally tempered low, around 150–200 °C, to keep 60 HRC and above. Straightening and leveller rolls are tempered higher, where toughness matters more than surface hardness.
| Tempering temperature | 100 °C | 200 °C | 300 °C | 400 °C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hardness, HRC | 65 | 61 | 58 | Not published |
Forging practice
86CrMoV7 is hot formed between 1150 °C and 850 °C, and must be cooled slowly in a furnace or in ash after forging, because its carbon level makes it crack-sensitive on air cooling.
We soak 1.2327 ingots and billets to 1150 °C, upset and draw down while the stock is above 900 °C, and stop deformation by 850 °C. Below that the grade work-hardens fast and surface tearing starts. Every 86CrMoV7 forging leaves our press straight into a controlled-cooling furnace, followed by an annealing cycle before any machining.
Reduction ratio has a direct effect on roll life. On this grade we hold a minimum 4:1 reduction from ingot to finished bar or roll blank, and 6:1 where the drawing calls out a fibre-flow requirement.
Applications
86CrMoV7 is used for cold rolling mill work rolls and back-up rolls, straightening and leveller rolls, scale breaker rolls, roll necks and journals, and dies and wear parts in metallurgical plant.
- Work rolls and back-up rolls for reversing 2-Hi and 4-Hi cold rolling mills
- Second intermediate rolls for 20-Hi cluster mills
- Work and intermediate rolls for non-ferrous 2-high and 4-high mills
- Straightening rolls, leveller rolls and tension-leveller rolls, including heavy-duty levelling duty
- Cold plate leveller work and back-up rolls
- Scale breaker rolls
- Roll bodies, roll necks, journals, shafts and roller sleeves
- Large-section cold-work dies and wear plates in metallurgical plant
86CrMoV7 sits between plain carbon roll steels and the high-chromium cold-work grades. Choose it when you need a hardened depth of 15 mm or more on a large barrel with low risk of quench cracking. If you need higher wear resistance on a small die, 1.2379 (X153CrMoV12) is usually a better choice, and we forge that grade as well.
Product forms we forge in 86CrMoV7
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal supplies 86CrMoV7 / 1.2327 as forged round, square, flat and hexagonal bars, forged shafts, hollow bars and sleeves, seamless rolled rings, forged rings, discs, blocks, plates and finish-machined mill roll blanks.
| Form | Typical size range | Delivery condition | Surface |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forged round bars and shafts | Ø80–1,200 mm × ≤12,000 mm | Annealed or Q+T | Black, peeled or rough-turned |
| Square, flat and hex bars | 50–800 mm across flats | Annealed | Black or machined |
| Hollow bars, sleeves, bushings | OD 150–2,500 mm, ID from 60 mm | Annealed or Q+T | Bored and rough-turned |
| Seamless rolled rings | OD 200–6,000 mm | Annealed or normalised | Rough-machined |
| Forged rings and flanges | OD to 3,000 mm | Annealed or Q+T | Black or machined |
| Discs, blocks and plates | Thickness 40–1,000 mm | Annealed | Sawn, milled or ground |
| Cold mill roll blanks | Barrel Ø80–1,200 mm | Q+T to drawing hardness | Rough or finish machined |
| Pipes, cylinders, cases, hubs, housings | To drawing | To drawing | To drawing |
Size and weight capability
Our open-die forging capability on 86CrMoV7 runs from 10 kg to 15,000 kg per piece, diameters from 80 mm to 6,000 mm and lengths from 100 mm to 12,000 mm, with seamless rings rolled on 3 m and 6 m ring mills.
| Parameter | Range |
|---|---|
| Piece weight | 10 kg to 15,000 kg |
| Outside diameter | 80 mm to 6,000 mm |
| Length | 100 mm to 12,000 mm |
| Forging hammers | 1 t, 3 t, 6 t and 9 t electro-hydraulic |
| Hydraulic press | 4,500 t |
| Ring rolling mills | 3 m and 6 m |
| Staff | 460 employees, including 9 senior and 32 intermediate engineers |
| Minimum order | 1 piece for prototypes and roll replacements |
| Typical lead time | 25 to 45 days depending on section and heat treatment |
We accept single-piece orders. Mills running 20-Hi cluster stands often need one intermediate roll at short notice, and we hold 1.2327 billet stock for that.
Manufacturing route
Every 86CrMoV7 forging we ship follows the same route: steel melting, ingot or billet, open-die forging, controlled cooling, annealing, rough machining, hardening and tempering, non-destructive testing and final machining.
- Melting. Electric arc furnace with ladle refining and vacuum degassing as standard. ESR, VIM+ESR or VIM+ESR+VAR remelting is available where the drawing calls for it.
- Forging. 1 t to 9 t hammers or the 4,500 t hydraulic press, 1150 to 850 °C, minimum 4:1 reduction.
- Controlled cooling and annealing. Straight from press to furnace, then soft anneal at 720 to 750 °C to 230 HB maximum.
- Rough machining. Turning and boring with stock left for the final cut.
- Stress relief. 650 °C, 1 to 2 hours, air cool.
- Hardening and tempering. 800 to 850 °C quench, tempered to the hardness on your drawing, verified on a coupon from the same forging.
- Testing. Chemistry, mechanical tests, hardness survey and ultrasonic inspection.
- Final machining and protection. Finish turning or grinding, rust preventative, seaworthy packing.
Inspection and certificates
86CrMoV7 forgings from Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal are supplied with an EN 10204 3.1 mill certificate as standard, and can be ultrasonically tested to EN 10228-3, ASTM A388 or SEP 1921 on request.
| Test or document | Method or standard | Supplied |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical analysis | Optical emission spectrometry, ladle and product | Standard |
| Hardness | HRC / HB survey on the forging | Standard |
| Tensile and impact | ISO 6892-1, ISO 148-1 | On request |
| Ultrasonic testing | EN 10228-3, ASTM A388, SEP 1921 | On request |
| Magnetic particle and dye penetrant | EN 10228-1, ASTM E709, ASTM E165 | On request |
| Grain size and microstructure | ASTM E112, micrograph report | On request |
| Mill certificate | EN 10204 type 3.1 | Standard |
| Third-party inspection | SGS, BV, TUV, Lloyd's or your own inspector | On request, buyer's account |
Equivalent and alternative grades
86CrMoV7 has no formal AISI, AFNOR or BS equivalent. The closest commercial substitutes are the Chinese roll steels 9Cr2Mo and 9Cr2MoV, and the nearest neighbouring European grade is 83CrMoV9 (1.2375).
| Grade | Relationship | When to choose it instead |
|---|---|---|
| 9Cr2Mo (GB/T 1299) | Closest Chinese commercial equivalent | Cost-driven roll orders where a Chinese mill certificate is acceptable |
| 9Cr2MoV (GB/T 1299) | Vanadium-bearing Chinese roll steel | Near-identical duty, slightly finer carbide structure |
| 83CrMoV9 / 1.2375 | Higher chromium neighbour | Larger barrel diameters needing deeper hardening |
| X153CrMoV12 / 1.2379 | High-carbon high-chromium cold-work steel | Small dies where wear resistance beats toughness |
| 102Cr6 / 1.2067 | Bearing-type cold-work steel | Small rolls and gauges, thinner sections |
| 42CrMo4 / AISI 4140 | Quenched and tempered structural alloy | Roll necks and shafts that do not need 60 HRC |
Any substitution should be checked against the roll duty before it is ordered. Send us the drawing and the mill conditions and we will tell you whether the substitute will hold up.
Frequently asked questions about 86CrMoV7
What is 86CrMoV7 steel?
86CrMoV7 is a low-alloy cold-work tool steel with material number 1.2327, specified in EN ISO 4957 and DIN 17350. It contains roughly 0.87 % carbon and 1.75 % chromium with molybdenum and vanadium, and is used mainly for forged cold rolling mill rolls, back-up rolls and straightening rolls.
What is the material number of 86CrMoV7?
The material number, or Werkstoffnummer, of 86CrMoV7 is 1.2327. The two designations refer to the same steel and are used interchangeably in trade.
What hardness can 86CrMoV7 reach?
86CrMoV7 reaches 64–67 HRC as quenched. After tempering it gives about 65 HRC at 100 °C, 61 HRC at 200 °C and 58 HRC at 300 °C. In the soft annealed condition it is a maximum of 230 HB.
What is the heat treatment for 1.2327?
Soft anneal at 720–750 °C with slow furnace cooling. Stress relieve at about 650 °C for 1–2 hours and air cool. Harden from 800–820 °C or 830–850 °C in water or oil. Temper between 200 °C and 600 °C to the required working hardness.
Is 86CrMoV7 the same as any AISI or SAE grade?
No. EN ISO 4957 lists no direct AISI or SAE equivalent for 86CrMoV7. The closest commercial substitutes are the Chinese roll steels 9Cr2Mo and 9Cr2MoV, but they are substitutes rather than formal cross-references, so any swap should be agreed with the roll designer.
What temperature is 86CrMoV7 forged at?
Hot forming runs from 1150 °C down to 850 °C. Below 850 °C the grade work-hardens quickly and surface tearing becomes a risk, so deformation stops there and the forging goes into controlled cooling.
Who supplies forged 86CrMoV7 in China?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China that forges 86CrMoV7 / 1.2327 bars, rings, sleeves, discs and cold mill roll blanks from 10 kg to 15,000 kg. Enquiries go to sales@steelforgepieces.com or 0086-189-2135-9659.
What is the maximum size of 86CrMoV7 forging you can make?
Up to 15,000 kg per piece, 6,000 mm outside diameter and 12,000 mm long. Seamless rolled rings in 1.2327 are produced on 3 m and 6 m ring mills, and open-die work runs on 1 t to 9 t hammers plus a 4,500 t hydraulic press.
Can I order a single 86CrMoV7 roll?
Yes. Minimum order is one piece. Single replacement rolls for cold mills and levellers are routine work, and billet stock is held in 1.2327 to shorten lead time on them.
What is the lead time for 86CrMoV7 forgings?
Typically 25–45 days from order confirmation, depending on section size, heat treatment and machining scope. Rough-forged annealed bars are at the short end. Hardened and finish-ground roll blanks are at the long end.
What certificate comes with the material?
An EN 10204 type 3.1 mill certificate is standard on every 86CrMoV7 order. Ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3, ASTM A388 or SEP 1921, mechanical tests, micrographs and third-party inspection can all be added at order stage.
Why does 86CrMoV7 crack during heat treatment?
Usually one of three causes: no stress relief after rough machining, a water quench used on a section that needed oil, or the forging left untempered after quenching. At 0.87 % carbon this grade has very little tolerance for a delayed temper.
How to order 86CrMoV7 forgings
Send a drawing or the grade, dimensions, quantity, required hardness and any testing to sales@steelforgepieces.com. Quotations for 86CrMoV7 / 1.2327 are normally returned within 24 hours on working days.
Please include finished dimensions with machining allowance, required hardness in HRC or HB, delivery condition, testing and certificate scope, destination port and quantity. Missing hardness and testing scope are what usually hold up a quotation.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
Open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China
- Address
- No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Telephone
- 0086-189-2135-9659
- sales@steelforgepieces.com
- Website
- www.steelforgepieces.com
- Languages
- English, Chinese
Cite this page
If you quote these 86CrMoV7 figures in a specification or report, please cite the source:
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. (2026). 86CrMoV7 / 1.2327 forged steel: composition, heat treatment and forging data. Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China. https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Alloy-Steel/86CrMoV7.html
Compiled and maintained by the metallurgical team at Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. Composition and heat treatment values follow EN ISO 4957 and DIN 17350. Typical values are aim analyses used on our own 1.2327 heats. They are typical or average figures and are not guaranteed maxima or minima. They are published so that you can make your own evaluation, and are not a warranty of fitness for any particular purpose.
Published 12 September 2026. Last reviewed 12 September 2026.