Material datasheet for alloy steel open-die forgings
1.6580 (30CrNiMo8) Open-Die Forgings
1.6580 is the material number for 30CrNiMo8, a chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy steel supplied quenched and tempered. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. We forge 1.6580 into rings, shafts, flanges, discs, sleeves, blocks and bars to EN 10250-3, with ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3 and EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificates.
Grade identification
- EN designation
- 30CrNiMo8
- EN material number
- 1.6580
- Steel type
- Cr-Ni-Mo alloy steel for quenching and tempering
- Product standards
- EN 10250-3 for open-die forgings, EN ISO 683-2 and EN 10083-3 for bars, EN 10269 for fasteners
- Delivery condition
- +QT quenched and tempered. +A, +N and +U on request
- Melting route
- EAF + LF + VD (vacuum degassed)
- Forged forms
- Seamless rolled rings, shafts, flanges, discs, sleeves, bushings, blocks, bars, tube sheets, nozzles
- Non-destructive testing
- Ultrasonic to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388. Magnetic particle on request
- Certification
- EN 10204 3.1 mill certificate, or 3.2 third party (TUV, SGS, BV, Lloyd's Register, DNV)
- Supplier
- Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Enquiries
- +86 189 2135 9659, sales@steelforgepieces.com
On this page
1 What 1.6580 is
1.6580 is the European material number for 30CrNiMo8. It is a low-alloy engineering steel with about 0.30 % carbon, 2 % chromium, 2 % nickel and 0.4 % molybdenum.
Chromium and molybdenum give the steel high hardenability. Heavy sections still harden through during quenching, so strength and toughness stay close to uniform from the surface to the core. Nickel keeps impact values high after tempering. This is why 1.6580 is specified for pump and compressor shafts, gear blanks, valve bodies and rolled rings in large diameters.
1.6580 is not a free-machining steel and it is not easy to weld. It is normally machined in the annealed condition, or after quenching and tempering. Welding needs preheat and a defined post-weld heat treatment. The steel takes nitriding well where surface wear resistance is required.
2 Equivalent grades
| Standard / country | Designation |
|---|---|
| EN ISO 683-2, EN 10083-3 (Europe) | 30CrNiMo8 |
| EN material number | 1.6580 |
| DIN (Germany) | 30CrNiMo8, W.-Nr. 1.6580 |
| BS 970 (United Kingdom) | 823M30 |
| AFNOR (France) | 30CND8, 30NCD8 |
| UNI 7845 (Italy) | 30CrNiMo8 |
| PN (Poland) | 30H2N2M |
| GB/T (China) | 30Cr2Ni2Mo |
| JIS (Japan) | SNCM431 nearest |
| ASTM (USA) | A320 Gr. L43 for bolting nearest bar grades AISI 4337 and 4340, see note below |
1.6580 and AISI 4340 are often listed as equivalents. They are not the same steel. 30CrNiMo8 contains 1.80 to 2.20 % chromium, while AISI 4340 contains about 0.70 to 0.90 %. Hardenability, tempering response and the property values required by each standard are different. Use cross-reference tables as a guide for enquiry only. Tell us which standard your drawing calls up and we will confirm the grade before quoting.
3 Chemical composition
| Element | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.26 | 0.34 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.10 | 0.40 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.50 | 0.80 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.025 | |
| Sulphur (S) | 0.035 | |
| Chromium (Cr) | 1.80 | 2.20 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 1.80 | 2.20 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.30 | 0.50 |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.40 |
Product analysis may deviate from cast analysis within the limits given in the standard. Tighter limits can be agreed at order, for example restricted phosphorus and sulphur, a maximum copper content for offshore service, or a specified aluminium content for grain size control. Agreed limits are reported on the EN 10204 certificate.
4 Mechanical properties
Required properties fall as section size increases, because the centre of a thick forging cools more slowly during quenching. EN 10250-3 is the standard that applies to open-die forgings. The bar values from EN 10083-3 are listed below as well, since drawings often quote them.
| Diameter d / thickness t mm |
Rp0.2 MPa, min |
Rm MPa, min |
A %, min, long. |
A %, min, tang. |
KV J, min, long. |
KV J, min, tang. |
Hardness HB, approx. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d up to 250 / t up to 160 | 700 | 900 | 12 | 8 | 45 | 22 | 271 |
| d 250 to 500 / t 160 to 330 | 630 | 850 | 12 | 8 | 45 | 22 | 253 |
| d 500 to 990 / t 330 to 660 | 590 | 800 | 12 | 8 | 40 | 20 | 240 |
| Diameter mm |
Rp0.2 MPa, min |
Rm MPa |
A %, min |
Z %, min |
KV J, min |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| up to 16 | 1050 | 1250 to 1450 | 9 | 40 | 30 |
| 16 to 40 | 1050 | 1250 to 1450 | 9 | 40 | 30 |
| 40 to 100 | 900 | 1100 to 1300 | 10 | 45 | 35 |
| 100 to 160 | 800 | 1000 to 1200 | 11 | 50 | 45 |
| 160 to 250 | 700 | 900 to 1100 | 12 | 50 | 45 |
In the soft annealed condition (+A), 30CrNiMo8 is supplied at a maximum of about 248 HB. The values above are taken from the standards for guidance. State the edition that applies to your order, and agree any additional requirement before manufacture, for example sub-zero impact testing, through-thickness properties, or a specified prolongation position. Impact test temperature, specimen orientation and sampling location are confirmed at the enquiry stage.
5 Physical properties
| Property | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Modulus of elasticity | 210 GPa |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.30 |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion, 20 to 100 °C | 11.5 x 10-6 K-1 |
| Thermal conductivity | 35 W/(m·K) |
| Specific heat capacity | 460 J/(kg·K) |
Physical properties are indicative values for a low-alloy Cr-Ni-Mo steel. They are not guaranteed properties of supply. Request certified values at the enquiry stage if your design depends on them.
6 Heat treatment
| Operation | Temperature | Cooling and notes |
|---|---|---|
| Hot forging | 1100 °C down to 850 °C finish | Cool slowly in the furnace or in insulating material. The steel air hardens, so fast cooling from forging heat can cause cracking |
| Normalizing | 850 to 880 °C | Air cool. A following temper is usually needed on heavy sections |
| Soft annealing | 650 to 700 °C | Furnace cool at about 10 °C per hour. Result is 248 HB maximum |
| Hardening | 830 to 860 °C | Quench in oil or polymer. 840 to 850 °C with a water quench where section and geometry allow |
| Tempering | 540 to 660 °C | Air cool. The tempering temperature is selected to reach the strength band on the drawing |
| Stress relieving | About 50 °C below the final tempering temperature | Slow, uniform furnace cooling. Used after rough machining and after welding |
| Nitriding | 480 to 540 °C | Optional, on parts already quenched and tempered, for surface wear and fatigue resistance |
Steels in this family can be susceptible to temper embrittlement if they are held in, or cooled slowly through, about 350 to 550 °C. Where low-temperature impact values are specified, agree the tempering temperature and the cooling rate through that range at order. Heat treatment batches are recorded with a time and temperature chart, which is issued with the certificate.
7 How we forge 1.6580
Every 1.6580 order at Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal follows the same six stages. Each stage is recorded against the heat number.
-
Steel makingEAF + LF + VD
Ingots and blooms are melted by electric arc furnace, refined in a ladle furnace, then vacuum degassed to control hydrogen, oxygen and non-metallic inclusions. Vacuum degassing is important on this grade, because hydrogen flaking is a risk in heavy Cr-Ni-Mo sections.
-
Open-die forging and ring rolling1100 °C down to 850 °C
Material is heated to about 1100 °C and forged down with a finishing temperature near 850 °C, then cooled slowly. Rings are pre-forged, punched and finished on a ring rolling mill. A forging reduction ratio is agreed for each part, typically 3:1 or higher, so the as-cast structure is broken down and the grain flow follows the shape of the component.
-
Heat treatment+QT, +N or +A
Quenching and tempering to the property band on your drawing, using the parameters in section 6. Test prolongations are forged integrally with the part where the specification requires it. Every batch is recorded with a time and temperature chart, issued with the certificate.
-
Machiningas forged, rough or finished
Supply as forged with machining allowance, rough machined to a proof shape, or finish machined to drawing. Turning, boring, milling, drilling and gear cutting are available in house.
-
InspectionUT, MT, mechanical, dimensional
Ultrasonic examination, hardness survey, tensile and impact testing, chemical verification and a dimensional report before release. Acceptance classes follow the standard named on your order.
-
CertificationEN 10204 3.1 or 3.2
An EN 10204 3.1 inspection certificate is issued as standard. Certification to 3.2, witnessed by TUV, SGS, BV, Lloyd's Register or DNV, is arranged when your order calls for it. Every document carries the heat number.
8 Forms and sizes we forge in 1.6580
| Product form | Typical size range | Unit weight |
|---|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings | OD 200 to 4000 mm, height up to 1000 mm | up to 10 000 kg |
| Forged shafts and spindles | Dia. 80 to 1200 mm, length up to 8000 mm | up to 20 000 kg |
| Forged flanges and discs | OD up to 3000 mm | up to 8000 kg |
| Forged sleeves and bushings | OD 150 to 2000 mm, ID from 60 mm | up to 6000 kg |
| Forged blocks and rectangles | thickness 60 to 800 mm | up to 15 000 kg |
| Forged round bars | Dia. 60 to 800 mm | per length |
| Forged tube sheets and nozzles | OD up to 3000 mm | up to 8000 kg |
| Gear blanks, pinion blanks, crankshafts | to customer drawing | to customer drawing |
Sizes above are typical. Parts outside this range are quoted case by case. Send the drawing and we will confirm whether it is within our capacity. Single-piece and prototype quantities are accepted as well as series orders.
9 Where 1.6580 forgings are used
| Industry | Typical forged components in 1.6580 |
|---|---|
| Pumps | Shafts for chemical and plunger pumps, sleeves, bushings, wear rings |
| Pressure vessels and heat exchangers | Forged shells, tube sheets, flanges, nozzles, forged tubes, air receiver components |
| Columns, towers, tanks and silos | Rings, flanges, shafts, forged pipe sections, process module and preheater parts |
| Offshore and onshore oil and gas | Bushings, sleeves, discs and blocks for subsea and deepwater production systems, wellhead and Christmas tree components |
| Rotating equipment | Compressor and generator shafts, turbine components, gearbox gears and pinions, forged spindles, eccentric shafts |
| Valves | Valve stems, seat rings, valve blocks and bodies for ball, gate, globe, check and plug valves |
| Cement, sugar and mineral processing | Crankshafts, mill rolls, mixer and agitator shafts, concrete plant components |
| Heavy machinery and shipbuilding | Forged wheels, manifolds, rolls, crystallizer parts, deck machinery components |
| Pulp, paper, pharmaceutical and chemical | Rolls, drive shafts, agitator shafts, reactor internals |
We forge 34CrNiMo6, 1.6582, 42CrMo4 and AISI 4340 for the same applications. If you are choosing between grades, give us the section size and the required core properties and we will advise which is the lower-cost route.
10 Testing, inspection and certification
| Test | Standard | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| Ultrasonic examination | EN 10228-3, SEP 1921, ASTM A388 | Standard on all quenched and tempered forgings. Acceptance class to your specification |
| Magnetic particle examination | EN 10228-1, ASTM A275 | On request, for machined surfaces |
| Chemical analysis | Spectrometric, cast and product analysis | Standard, reported per heat |
| Tensile test | EN ISO 6892-1 | Standard, from prolongation or sacrificial test piece |
| Charpy V-notch impact test | EN ISO 148-1 | Standard at room temperature. Sub-zero temperatures on request |
| Hardness survey | EN ISO 6506 Brinell | Standard |
| Grain size and microstructure | ASTM E112 | On request |
| Dimensional report | To drawing | Standard |
| Inspection certificate | EN 10204 3.1 | Standard with every shipment |
| Third-party certificate | EN 10204 3.2 | On request, witnessed by TUV, SGS, BV, Lloyd's Register or DNV |
Positive material identification, hydrogen content reporting, sour service requirements to NACE MR0175 and ISO 15156, and marking and preservation schemes can be added to the order. State them on the enquiry so they are included in the price.
11 Machining, welding and surface treatment
Machining
Machinability is moderate and it drops as strength rises. Rough machining is easiest in the soft annealed condition at about 248 HB. Where a part must be quenched and tempered before finishing, leave enough stock for heat treatment distortion, and expect carbide tooling, rigid setups and moderate feeds. Deep holes and long slender shafts benefit from an intermediate stress relief between roughing and finishing.
Welding
30CrNiMo8 is classed as difficult to weld. The carbon equivalent is high, so welding without precautions produces a hard, crack-sensitive heat affected zone. Where welding cannot be avoided, use low-hydrogen consumables, preheat to about 250 to 350 °C, maintain interpass temperature, and follow with a post-weld heat treatment below the final tempering temperature. Welding on highly stressed forgings should be agreed in writing before manufacture and covered by a qualified procedure.
Surface treatment
Nitriding at 480 to 540 °C after quenching and tempering raises surface hardness and fatigue strength without changing the core properties. Induction hardening of journals and bearing seats is also possible. Forgings ship shot blasted and coated with a rust preventative unless the order specifies otherwise.
Request a quotation
We quote 1.6580 forgings from a drawing, a dimensioned sketch, or a description of the part. For a firm price rather than a range, we need:
- Drawing or dimensions, and whether you want the part as forged, rough machined or finished
- Quantity, and whether this is a one-off or a repeat item
- The standard and property class your specification calls up
- Testing and certification required: EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2, UT class, impact test temperature
- Delivery port and required date
Email sales@steelforgepieces.com Call +86 189 2135 9659
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. We reply within one working day.
12 Questions and answers
What is 1.6580 steel?
1.6580 is the European material number for 30CrNiMo8, a chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy steel for quenching and tempering. It contains 0.26 to 0.34 % carbon, 1.80 to 2.20 % chromium, 1.80 to 2.20 % nickel and 0.30 to 0.50 % molybdenum. It is used for heavily loaded components with large cross sections, such as shafts, gears, valve bodies and rolled rings.
Is 1.6580 the same as AISI 4340?
No. The two are often cross-referenced, but they are different steels. 30CrNiMo8 contains 1.80 to 2.20 % chromium, while AISI 4340 contains about 0.70 to 0.90 %. That changes hardenability, tempering response and the property values each standard requires. Confirm with the design owner before substituting one for the other.
What are the equivalent grades for 1.6580?
30CrNiMo8 (EN), 823M30 (BS 970), 30CND8 or 30NCD8 (AFNOR), 30H2N2M (PN), 30Cr2Ni2Mo (GB/T), SNCM431 (JIS, nearest), and ASTM A320 Grade L43 for bolting applications. Cross-references indicate the closest known grade rather than an exact match.
Which standards cover 1.6580 open-die forgings?
EN 10250-3 covers open-die forgings, forged bars and ring-rolled products in alloy special steels supplied quenched and tempered. EN ISO 683-2 and EN 10083-3 cover bars and give the chemical composition. EN 10269 applies to fastener applications. Ultrasonic acceptance is normally to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388.
What are the mechanical properties of 1.6580 forgings?
For open-die forgings quenched and tempered to EN 10250-3: up to 250 mm diameter, minimum yield 700 MPa and minimum tensile 900 MPa. From 250 to 500 mm, 630 and 850 MPa. From 500 to 990 mm, 590 and 800 MPa. Minimum longitudinal elongation is 12 % across the range. Bars to EN 10083-3 reach 1250 to 1450 MPa tensile strength in small sections.
What heat treatment does 1.6580 need?
Hardening from 830 to 860 °C with an oil or polymer quench, followed by tempering at 540 to 660 °C and air cooling. Soft annealing is at 650 to 700 °C with slow furnace cooling, to a maximum of about 248 HB. Normalizing is at 850 to 880 °C. Forging runs between 1100 and 850 °C with slow cooling afterwards, because the steel air hardens.
Can 1.6580 be welded?
Only with precautions. The carbon equivalent is high, so welding without preheat produces a hard, crack-sensitive heat affected zone. Use low-hydrogen consumables, preheat to about 250 to 350 °C, maintain interpass temperature, and apply a post-weld heat treatment below the final tempering temperature. On highly stressed forgings, welding should be agreed before manufacture under a qualified procedure.
What size 1.6580 forgings can Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal supply?
Seamless rolled rings from 200 to 4000 mm outside diameter, forged shafts from 80 to 1200 mm diameter and up to 8000 mm long, flanges and discs up to 3000 mm outside diameter, and forged blocks and bars in between. Unit weights run to about 20 000 kg depending on the shape. Send the drawing and we will confirm it against our press and furnace capacity.
What testing and certificates do you supply with 1.6580 forgings?
Chemical analysis, tensile testing, Charpy V-notch impact testing, hardness survey, ultrasonic examination to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388, and a dimensional report. An EN 10204 3.1 inspection certificate is issued as standard. EN 10204 3.2 certification witnessed by TUV, SGS, BV, Lloyd's Register or DNV is arranged on request.
Is there a minimum order quantity for 1.6580 forgings?
There is no fixed minimum. Single-piece and prototype forgings are quoted alongside series orders, although the unit price on a one-off carries the full tooling and setup cost. Repeat items are cheaper, because the forging sequence is already proven.
How long does a 1.6580 forging take to produce?
Lead time depends on size, heat treatment cycle and machining scope. Send your part details and we will confirm a delivery date against the current schedule.
Where is the 1.6580 forging factory located?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China, in the Yangtze River delta near the ports of Shanghai and Ningbo. Enquiries: +86 189 2135 9659, sales@steelforgepieces.com.
13 About the supplier
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. We supply forged rings, shafts, flanges, discs, sleeves, blocks and bars in carbon, alloy, tool and stainless steels, and in nickel alloys. We forge 1.6580 / 30CrNiMo8 to EN 10250-3 and ship to customers in the oil and gas, power generation, pressure equipment, valve, pump and heavy machinery industries.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town
Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
Telephone: +86 189 2135 9659
Email: sales@steelforgepieces.com
Web: www.steelforgepieces.com
Last updated . Property data on this page is quoted from the referenced European standards for guidance. The applicable edition and any additional requirements are confirmed at order.