What is 30NiCrMo8 steel?
30NiCrMo8 is a low-alloy, high-hardenability nickel-chromium-molybdenum engineering steel, identical to EN 10083-3 grade 30CrNiMo8 and material number 1.6580. It contains nominally 0.30 % carbon, 2.0 % chromium, 2.0 % nickel and 0.4 % molybdenum, and is supplied quenched and tempered (+QT) with a tensile strength of 900 to 1450 MPa depending on section size.
The chromium, nickel and molybdenum together slow the transformation of austenite during quenching. The steel therefore hardens through sections that would stay soft in the core if made from plain carbon steel or from a Cr-Mo grade. It is used for heavy shafts, gears, crankshafts and pressure-containing forgings rather than for thin sections.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. produces 30NiCrMo8 as open-die forgings and seamless rolled rings to customer drawings, from EAF + LF + VD melted material.
- Grade
- 30NiCrMo8 / 30CrNiMo8
- Material number
- 1.6580
- Steel type
- Alloy quenching and tempering steel
- Bar standard
- EN 10083-3:2006
- Forging standard
- EN 10250-3:2000
- Melting route
- EAF + LF + VD
- Delivery condition
- +A, +N or +QT
- Tensile strength (+QT)
- 900 to 1450 MPa
- Annealed hardness
- 248 HB max
- Ultrasonic testing
- EN 10228-3, SEP 1921, ASTM A388
- Certificate
- EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2
- Made to
- Customer drawing or specification
Chemical composition of 30NiCrMo8
The table gives the cast analysis limits of EN 10083-3:2006 for grade 30CrNiMo8 (1.6580), the current European specification for this steel.
| Element | Symbol | EN 10083-3:2006 | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon | C | 0.26 to 0.34 | Sets attainable strength after tempering |
| Silicon | Si | 0.10 to 0.40 | Deoxidiser |
| Manganese | Mn | 0.50 to 0.80 | Hardenability, sulphur control |
| Phosphorus | P | 0.025 max | Residual, kept low for toughness |
| Sulphur | S | 0.035 max | Residual, kept low for transverse ductility |
| Chromium | Cr | 1.80 to 2.20 | Hardenability and temper resistance |
| Molybdenum | Mo | 0.30 to 0.50 | Suppresses temper embrittlement |
| Nickel | Ni | 1.80 to 2.20 | Low-temperature toughness |
| Copper | Cu | 0.40 max | Residual |
| Iron | Fe | Balance |
The standard edition affects two of these limits. The withdrawn EN 10083-1:1991 and DIN 17200 listed Mn 0.30 to 0.60 % and P 0.035 % max for this grade, and material certified to those editions may show those ranges. State the standard edition on the purchase order and Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal will melt and certify to it. Aluminium 0.020 to 0.050 % for grain refinement can be added by agreement.
Mechanical properties of 30NiCrMo8 after quenching and tempering
Properties fall as section size grows, because the quench cools a thick section more slowly at its core. EN 10083-3 specifies minimum values against a ruling section.
| Ruling section | Yield Rp0.2 min | Tensile Rm | Elongation A min | Reduction of area Z min | Impact KV min |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| up to 16 mm (0.63 in) | 1050 MPa (152 ksi) | 1250 to 1450 MPa (181 to 210 ksi) | 9 % | 40 % | not specified |
| 16 to 40 mm (0.63 to 1.57 in) | 1050 MPa (152 ksi) | 1250 to 1450 MPa (181 to 210 ksi) | 9 % | 40 % | 30 J |
| 40 to 100 mm (1.57 to 3.94 in) | 900 MPa (131 ksi) | 1000 to 1300 MPa (145 to 189 ksi) | 10 % | 45 % | 35 J |
| 100 to 160 mm (3.94 to 6.30 in) | 800 MPa (116 ksi) | 1000 to 1200 MPa (145 to 174 ksi) | 11 % | 50 % | 45 J |
| 160 to 250 mm (6.30 to 9.84 in) | 700 MPa (102 ksi) | 900 to 1100 MPa (131 to 160 ksi) | 12 % | 50 % | 45 J |
In the soft annealed condition (+A) the hardness is 248 HB maximum. For forgings heavier than the 250 mm ruling section, properties are agreed at enquiry and verified on a prolongation or a sacrificial test block. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal quotes these case by case.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) |
| Modulus of elasticity | 210 GPa (30.5 × 10&sup6; psi) |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.30 |
| Thermal conductivity | approx. 42 W/(m·K) |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion, 20 to 100 °C | approx. 11.5 × 10−6/K |
| Carbon equivalent CE (IIW), nominal analysis | approx. 1.0 |
30NiCrMo8 equivalent grades
30NiCrMo8 is cross-referenced internationally as shown below. A cross-reference is not automatically a substitution. Confirm the governing standard on the order before any grade is swapped.
| Country or body | Standard | Designation | Match |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10083-3 | 30CrNiMo8, 1.6580 | Same grade |
| Germany | DIN 17200 (withdrawn) | 30NiCrMo8, 1.6580 | Same grade |
| International | ISO 683-2 | 31CrNiMo8 | Same grade |
| France | NF A 35-552 | 30NCD8, 30CND8 | Equivalent |
| United Kingdom | BS 970 Part 3 | 823M30 | Equivalent |
| Japan | JIS G 4103 | SNCM431 | Near equivalent |
| China | GB/T 3077 | 30Cr2Ni2Mo | Near equivalent |
| Russia | GOST 4543 | 30ХН2МА (30ChN2MA) | Near equivalent |
| United States | ASTM A29 / SAE J404 | AISI 4340 | Near equivalent only |
30NiCrMo8 and AISI 4340 are often traded as interchangeable. They are not. AISI 4340 carries about 0.40 % C, 0.8 % Cr and 0.25 % Mo, while 30NiCrMo8 carries about 0.30 % C, 2.0 % Cr and 0.4 % Mo. The lower carbon and the higher chromium and molybdenum give 30NiCrMo8 better toughness and better resistance to temper embrittlement in heavy sections. AISI 4340 reaches higher peak strength.
Heat treatment of 30NiCrMo8 forgings
| Operation | Temperature | Cooling |
|---|---|---|
| Hot forging | 850 to 1100 °C (1560 to 2010 °F) | Slow cool after forging. The grade is air-hardening in heavy sections |
| Normalising | 850 to 880 °C (1560 to 1615 °F) | Still air |
| Soft annealing | 650 to 700 °C (1200 to 1290 °F) | Furnace cool at about 10 °C per hour, to 248 HB max |
| Hardening | 830 to 860 °C (1525 to 1580 °F) | Oil or polymer quench. 840 to 850 °C when quenching in water |
| Tempering | 540 to 660 °C (1000 to 1220 °F) | Still air. Temperature chosen to hit the specified strength band |
| Stress relieving | about 50 °C below the tempering temperature | Furnace cool |
The high hardenability of this grade calls for slow cooling and a de-hydrogenation or anti-flake treatment after forging. Cooling a heavy 30NiCrMo8 forging in still air can produce untempered martensite and quench cracks.
How Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal makes 30NiCrMo8 forgings
- MeltingElectric arc furnace, ladle refining and vacuum degassing (EAF + LF + VD) to control gas content and inclusions. Electroslag remelting (ESR) is available where the specification calls for it.
- Open-die forgingIngots and billets are upset and drawn on hydraulic presses to break down the cast structure. A forging ratio of at least 3:1 is applied unless the drawing states otherwise.
- Ring rollingSeamless rolled rings are produced from pierced blanks, which gives continuous circumferential grain flow.
- Heat treatmentAnnealing, normalising, or quenching and tempering in furnaces with recorded charts, followed by the property testing agreed on the order.
- MachiningRough or finish machining to the drawing, including bores, faces, grooves and threads.
- Inspection and releaseChemical analysis, mechanical testing, ultrasonic and magnetic particle inspection, dimensional check, then release with an EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificate.
Product forms supplied in 30NiCrMo8
- Forged rings and seamless rolled rings
- Forged shafts, spindles and eccentric shafts
- Forged flanges and tube sheets
- Forged discs and blanks for gears
- Forged round bars, square bars and blocks
- Forged sleeves, bushings and hollow bars
- Forged pipes and cylinders
- Forged valve bodies, valve seats and valve stems
| Form | Outside diameter or width | Length or height | Single piece weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rolled rings | 200 to 4000 mm | up to 1000 mm | up to 20 t |
| Shafts and round bars | 80 to 1200 mm | up to 8000 mm | up to 20 t |
| Discs and blanks | up to 2500 mm | up to 600 mm | up to 20 t |
| Blocks and slabs | up to 1500 mm | up to 4000 mm | up to 20 t |
Sizes outside this range are quoted on request. Send the drawing and Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal will confirm feasibility, ingot size and the machining allowance needed.
Where 30NiCrMo8 forgings are used
30NiCrMo8 is specified for parts that are large, permanently loaded and safety relevant. Its hardenability lets the core reach the same strength as the surface.
| Industry | Typical 30NiCrMo8 forgings |
|---|---|
| Wind power | Main shafts, gearbox shafts and pinions, rotor hub fasteners, bearing rings |
| Power transmission | Gear blanks, spindles, couplings, rolled rings for gearboxes |
| Oil, gas and offshore | Subsea and deepwater production components, drill collars, riser connectors, valve bodies and stems |
| Pressure equipment | Flanges, tube sheets, forged tubes and nozzles for pressure vessels, air receivers and shell-and-tube heat exchangers |
| Process plant | Rings and shafts for columns, towers, tanks, silos, preheaters and process modules |
| Pumps and compressors | Chemical pump shafts, plunger pump parts, crankshafts and connecting rods for industrial air compressors |
| Heavy machinery | Cement mill, sugar mill and mixer shafts, mill rolls, forged wheels, mining equipment parts |
| Aerospace and defence | Heavily loaded structural forgings, landing gear components, turbine and compressor section hardware |
Testing and certification
Non-destructive testing
- Ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 class C/c to E/e, or ASTM A388
- Magnetic particle inspection to EN 10228-1 or ASTM E709
- Liquid penetrant inspection to ASTM E165 on request
Destructive and chemical testing
- Tensile test to EN ISO 6892-1 or ASTM A370
- Charpy V-notch impact test, including sub-zero temperatures
- Brinell hardness survey to EN ISO 6506
- Product analysis by optical emission spectrometry
- Grain size, macro-etch and inclusion rating on request
Every 30NiCrMo8 forging ships with a mill test certificate to EN 10204 3.1. Where the customer or the notified body requires independent verification, Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal arranges third-party inspection and an EN 10204 3.2 certificate through SGS, BV, TUV or the customer's own inspector.
Frequently asked questions about 30NiCrMo8
What is the chemical composition of 30NiCrMo8?
Per EN 10083-3:2006, 30NiCrMo8 contains 0.26 to 0.34 % carbon, 0.10 to 0.40 % silicon, 0.50 to 0.80 % manganese, 1.80 to 2.20 % chromium, 1.80 to 2.20 % nickel and 0.30 to 0.50 % molybdenum, with phosphorus 0.025 % maximum and sulphur 0.035 % maximum. The withdrawn EN 10083-1:1991 and DIN 17200 editions listed manganese 0.30 to 0.60 % and phosphorus 0.035 % maximum.
What are the mechanical properties of 30NiCrMo8 after quenching and tempering?
In the quenched and tempered condition, EN 10083-3 requires 1250 to 1450 MPa tensile strength with 1050 MPa minimum yield for sections up to 40 mm, 1000 to 1300 MPa with 900 MPa minimum yield from 40 to 100 mm, 1000 to 1200 MPa with 800 MPa minimum yield from 100 to 160 mm, and 900 to 1100 MPa with 700 MPa minimum yield from 160 to 250 mm. Minimum elongation rises from 9 % to 12 % as the section grows, and Charpy V-notch impact energy runs from 30 J to 45 J.
What heat treatment does 30NiCrMo8 require?
Hot forging is carried out between 850 and 1100 °C followed by slow cooling. Normalising is 850 to 880 °C in still air, soft annealing 650 to 700 °C with furnace cooling to 248 HB maximum, hardening 830 to 860 °C in oil or polymer, and tempering 540 to 660 °C in still air.
Is 30NiCrMo8 the same as 30CrNiMo8 and 1.6580?
Yes. 30NiCrMo8 is the older DIN 17200 spelling and 30CrNiMo8 is the current EN 10083-3 designation for the same steel, both carrying material number 1.6580. Purchase orders, drawings and mill certificates use the two spellings interchangeably, and Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal certifies against whichever designation the order specifies.
What is the American equivalent of 30NiCrMo8?
AISI 4340 is the closest American grade, but it is a near equivalent rather than a substitute. AISI 4340 has higher carbon, 0.38 to 0.43 % against 0.26 to 0.34 %, and lower chromium, 0.70 to 0.90 % against 1.80 to 2.20 %. The two steels respond differently to tempering and reach different combinations of strength and toughness.
Can 30NiCrMo8 be welded?
Welding is possible but difficult. The carbon equivalent is around 1.0, which makes the heat-affected zone highly hardenable and crack sensitive. Use low-hydrogen consumables, preheat to roughly 250 to 350 °C, maintain interpass temperature, and post-weld heat treat below the original tempering temperature. Welding a finished quenched and tempered part will locally destroy its properties, so the joint should be designed out of the part where possible.
What hardness does 30NiCrMo8 reach?
As quenched, 30NiCrMo8 reaches roughly 50 to 55 HRC at the surface. In service it is used tempered. Heavy forged sections normally run 260 to 340 HB, and small sections at the top of the 1250 to 1450 MPa band reach about 390 to 430 HB. In the soft annealed condition for machining it is 248 HB maximum.
Why is 30NiCrMo8 used for wind turbine main shafts?
A main shaft is a thick section that carries reversing bending loads for twenty years. 30NiCrMo8 hardens through such sections, holds good Charpy toughness at low temperature because of its 2 % nickel content, and resists temper embrittlement because of its molybdenum content. Fatigue design for this application requires all three.
What is the minimum order quantity for 30NiCrMo8 forgings?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal accepts single-piece orders for open-die forgings, including prototypes and spare parts. Batch pricing improves once several pieces share one ingot or one heat-treatment charge, so send the full requirement with the enquiry.
What lead time should be expected for 30NiCrMo8 forgings?
Lead time depends on whether the grade is in stock as ingot or billet, on the heat treatment required and on the extent of machining. Confirmed lead time is quoted with the price once the drawing and inspection requirements are known.
Which documents ship with 30NiCrMo8 forgings?
A mill test certificate to EN 10204 3.1 as standard, covering heat number, chemical analysis, heat treatment record and mechanical test results, with the ultrasonic and magnetic particle reports attached. EN 10204 3.2 certification with third-party witness is available on request.
How do I request a quotation for 30NiCrMo8 forgings?
Email the drawing or the finished dimensions to sales@steelforgepieces.com, or call +86 189 2135 9659. Include the delivery condition, the testing standard, the certificate type and the quantity, and a price follows with the confirmed lead time.
Standards referenced
Data on this page is taken from the following published standards and from the production and inspection practice of Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
- EN 10083-3:2006, Steels for quenching and tempering. Technical delivery conditions for alloy steels.
- EN 10250-3:2000, Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes. Alloy special steels.
- EN ISO 683-2:2018, Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels.
- EN 10228-1 and EN 10228-3, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings.
- EN 10204:2004, Metallic products. Types of inspection documents.
- EN 10027-1, Designation systems for steels.
Document: 30NiCrMo8 grade data sheet (1.6580 / 30CrNiMo8), issued by Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., open-die forging factory, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China.
Prepared and checked by the technical sales department. Last revised . Data is given in good faith for guidance. Values for a specific order are those stated on the order acknowledgement and on the mill certificate.
Request a quotation
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. forges 30NiCrMo8 to your drawing, heat treats it, machines it and certifies it.
Email the drawing Call +86 189 2135 9659
Please include the following with the enquiry:
- Drawing or finished dimensions, with machining allowance if known
- Quantity, and whether this is a prototype or a repeat order
- Delivery condition: annealed, normalised, or quenched and tempered
- Required mechanical properties or hardness range
- Testing standard and acceptance class, for example EN 10228-3 class 3
- Certificate type: EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2
About the manufacturer
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. It supplies forged rings, seamless rolled rings, shafts, flanges, discs, bars and made-to-drawing forgings in carbon steel, alloy steel, tool steel, stainless steel and nickel alloys. The factory works from EAF + LF + VD melted material, heat treats in house, and certifies to EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2. Jiangyin sits in the lower Yangtze forging cluster, with the ports of Shanghai and Zhangjiagang within a day of road haulage.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
Telephone +86 189 2135 9659
Email sales@steelforgepieces.com
Web www.steelforgepieces.com