12CrMo19-5 forgings in 5Cr-0.5Mo heat-resistant steel
12CrMo19-5 is a heat-resistant alloy steel containing about 5% chromium and 0.5% molybdenum. It carries material number 1.7362 and matches ASTM A182 Grade F5. The steel holds useful strength above 500 °C and resists high-temperature sulphidic corrosion and hydrogen attack, so refineries specify it for cracking units, coker heaters and hot piping up to roughly 600 °C.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. We forge 12CrMo19-5 into seamless rolled rings, discs, tubesheets, valve bodies, shafts, hollow bars and flanges, in diameters from 100 mm to 6000 mm and piece weights from 10 kg to 15000 kg, heat treated in our own furnaces and supplied with EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 mill certificates.
- Material number
- 1.7362
- EN chemical name
- X11CrMo5 / X12CrMo5
- ASTM forging grade
- A182 F5 / A336 F5
- Nominal composition
- 5% Cr, 0.5% Mo
- Density
- 7.84 g/cm³
- Typical service limit
- about 600 °C
- Delivery condition
- Annealed, or normalised and tempered
- Forged by
- Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
What 12CrMo19-5 is, and what the name means
12CrMo19-5 belongs to the chromium-molybdenum creep-resistant steels. These grades are used where carbon steel would soften, scale or suffer hydrogen attack. The chromium gives oxidation and sulphidation resistance at temperature. The molybdenum holds the strength up as the temperature rises and reduces the tendency to temper embrittlement.
The grade name follows the old German DIN system, where each number is a multiplier:
- 12, carbon divided by 100, gives 0.12% C
- 19, chromium divided by 4, gives about 4.75% Cr
- 5, molybdenum divided by 10, gives 0.50% Mo
12CrMo19-5, 12 CrMo 19 5, 12CrMo19.5 and 12CrMo195 are the same steel written with different spacing on different drawings. Buyers working to American standards know it as ASTM A182 F5. The cast version of the alloy is a separate grade, GS-12CrMo19-5 (1.7363, ASTM A217 C5), and cannot be substituted on a forging order.
12CrMo19-5 is not a stainless steel. Stainless behaviour needs roughly 10.5% chromium, and this grade has about half of that, so it rusts in wet air and needs protection during storage and transport. We coat 12CrMo19-5 forgings with rust preventative oil before shipment, and use VCI wrapping for sea freight when the customer asks for it.
12CrMo19-5 equivalents and other names
| Standard or system | Designation | Product scope |
|---|---|---|
| Old DIN name | 12CrMo19-5, 12 CrMo 19 5, 12CrMo19.5, 12CrMo195 | All wrought forms |
| EN material number | 1.7362 | All wrought forms |
| EN chemical name | X11CrMo5, X12CrMo5 | EN 10216-2, EN 10222-2, EN 10253-2 |
| ASTM / ASME forgings | A182 F5, SA-182 F5, A336 F5 | Flanges, fittings, valve parts |
| ASTM pipe and tube | A335 P5, A213 T5, A369 FP5 | Seamless pipe, boiler tube |
| ASTM plate | A387 Grade 5 | Pressure vessel plate |
| UNS | K41545, S50200 | Numbering system |
| AISI type | 501 / 502 | Bar and forging stock |
| GOST (Russia and CIS) | 15Kh5M, 15X5M | All wrought forms |
| GB (China) | 1Cr5Mo, 12Cr5Mo | All wrought forms |
| JIS (Japan) | SFVA F5A, STFA25, STPA25 | Forgings, tube, pipe |
| AFNOR (France) | Z10CD5.05, Z10CD5-05 | All wrought forms |
| BS (United Kingdom) | BS 625, 1501-625 | Plate and forgings |
| Castings, not equivalent | GS-12CrMo19-5, 1.7363, A217 C5 | Cast valve bodies |
Equivalence between standards is close but never exact. Carbon limits, residual element limits and heat-treatment rules all differ. Order to one named standard and let us certify to that standard rather than to a cross-reference table.
12CrMo19-5 chemical composition
| Element | EN 1.7362 / X11CrMo5 | ASTM A182 Grade F5 |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon, C | 0.08 to 0.15 | 0.15 max |
| Silicon, Si | 0.15 to 0.50 | 0.50 max |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.30 to 0.60 | 0.30 to 0.60 |
| Phosphorus, P | 0.025 max | 0.030 max |
| Sulphur, S | 0.020 max | 0.030 max |
| Chromium, Cr | 4.00 to 6.00 | 4.00 to 6.00 |
| Molybdenum, Mo | 0.45 to 0.65 | 0.44 to 0.65 |
| Nickel, Ni | not specified | 0.50 max |
| Copper, Cu | 0.30 max | not specified |
| Aluminium, Al | 0.040 max | not specified |
Values follow the current editions of EN 10253-2 and EN 10216-2, and of ASTM A182/A182M. A higher-carbon variant, ASTM A182 F5a with 0.25% C maximum, also exists. It carried the symbol F5 before 1995, so older drawings need checking. We report a full spectrometer analysis for every heat on the mill certificate, and can carry out positive material identification on the finished part.
12CrMo19-5 mechanical properties
| Property | Requirement | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength | 485 MPa min | 70 ksi min |
| Yield strength, 0.2% offset | 275 MPa min | 40 ksi min |
| Elongation, 50 mm or 4D | 20% min | 20% min |
| Reduction of area | 35% min | 35% min |
| Brinell hardness | 143 to 217 HBW | 143 to 217 HBW |
Impact testing is not a default requirement for Grade F5. It is added as a supplementary requirement when the design code calls for it, so state the test temperature and the acceptance energy on the enquiry. Strength falls progressively above roughly 400 °C. Where a design relies on elevated-temperature or creep-rupture allowables, take them from the governing code, either ASME BPVC Section II Part D or EN 10222-2, and not from a room-temperature table.
Physical properties
| Property | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.84 g/cm³ |
| Modulus of elasticity at 20 °C | about 213 GPa |
| Thermal conductivity at 20 °C | about 37 W/(m·K) |
| Specific heat capacity | about 460 J/(kg·K) |
| Mean thermal expansion, 20 to 400 °C | about 12.5 × 10⁻⁶ /K |
| Magnetic response | Ferromagnetic |
Forging and heat treatment of 12CrMo19-5
| Operation | Temperature | Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Hot forging | 1100 down to 850 °C | Finish above 850 °C, then cool slowly under control to avoid cracking |
| Soft annealing | 680 to 730 °C | Cool slowly in the furnace, gives the softest machining condition |
| Austenitising | 950 to 1000 °C | Oil quench, or air cool where section size and drawing allow |
| Tempering | 700 to 760 °C | Hold to section thickness, then air cool |
| Post-weld heat treatment | 730 to 760 °C | Below the tempering temperature already applied to the part |
ASTM A182 requires Grade F5 forgings to be full annealed, isothermally annealed, or normalised and tempered, with a minimum tempering temperature set by the standard. Confirm the required condition and the minimum tempering temperature against the edition named on your purchase order. We heat treat in our own furnaces and issue charts for every load.
Welding 12CrMo19-5
A 5% chromium steel air-hardens, which means it forms martensite even when cooled in still air. Welds made cold will crack. Normal practice is preheat at 200 to 300 °C, interpass temperature below about 350 °C, low-hydrogen 5Cr-0.5Mo consumables of the B6 class such as E8015-B6 or ER80S-B6, preheat maintained without interruption until welding is finished, and post-weld heat treatment at 730 to 760 °C followed by slow cooling. If the forgings will be welded on site, tell us at enquiry stage so that delivery hardness can be aimed at the low end of the range.
12CrMo19-5 forgings we produce
We are an open-die forging factory, so 12CrMo19-5 parts are made to your drawing rather than pulled from a catalogue of fixed sizes.
| Product form | Description |
|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings | Ring rolled with no weld seam, circumferential grain flow |
| Forged discs, blanks, blind flanges | Upset and drawn from ingot or billet |
| Tubesheets and tube plates | Blank, drilled or weld-overlay clad. Front, rear, fixed, stationary and floating types for shell-and-tube heat exchangers |
| Shafts and round bars | Straight or stepped, rough turned or finish machined |
| Hollow bars, sleeves, bushes, cylinders | Trepanned or bored. Barrels, casings and shells to drawing |
| Valve bodies, bonnets, stems, seat rings, closures | Forged blocks and near-net shapes for high-temperature valves |
| Girth flanges, channel covers, nozzles | Long welding neck and self-reinforced FVC type nozzles, cover flanges |
| Item | Capability |
|---|---|
| Diameter | 100 to 6000 mm |
| Length | 100 to 12000 mm |
| Piece weight | 10 to 15000 kg |
| Forging hammers | 1 t, 3 t, 6 t, 9 t |
| Hydraulic press | 4500 t |
| Ring rolling mills | 3 m and 6 m |
| Melting routes | ESR, and VIM plus ESR plus VAR where specified |
| Heat treatment | Annealing, normalising, hardening and tempering |
| Machining | Rough or finish machined to customer drawing |
Cladding and weld overlay of 12CrMo19-5 tubesheets and channel covers with stainless or nickel alloy is available where the process side needs corrosion resistance beyond what the base metal can give.
Testing, inspection and certificates
Every 12CrMo19-5 forging leaving our works is traceable to its heat number, which is stamped on the part and printed on the certificate.
- Steelmaking. Electric arc furnace with ladle refining and vacuum degassing. ESR remelt where the drawing calls for it.
- Forging ratio. Normally 3:1 or better, and 4:1 or better on parts for pressure service.
- Ultrasonic testing. To ASTM A388 or EN 10228-3, acceptance class agreed before forging starts.
- Surface NDT. Magnetic particle to ASTM E709, or dye penetrant, as specified.
- Mechanical testing. Tensile, hardness and, when required, impact testing to ASTM A370, from test blocks representing the heat and the heat-treatment load.
- Documentation. EN 10204 type 3.1 as standard. Type 3.2 with TUV, BV, SGS, Lloyd's or your own inspector witnessing.
Third-party witness points, stage inspection and customer-specified marking are all routine on this grade. They cost nothing extra to arrange if they are agreed at order stage rather than after forging.
Where 12CrMo19-5 is used
12CrMo19-5 was developed for oil refining. At 5% chromium, high-temperature sulphidic corrosion from sulphur-bearing crude slows to a rate that a plant can live with, and the chromium and molybdenum together keep the steel clear of the hydrogen attack limits that carbon steel runs into. Typical applications:
- Catalytic cracking and hydrocracking units, including hot piping components
- Hydrodesulphurisation and hydrotreating service, where API 941 Nelson curves govern the material choice
- Delayed coker heaters, transfer lines and switch valves
- Crude and vacuum distillation overhead and hot bottoms circuits
- Fired heater tube supports, headers and hangers
- Steam piping, boiler headers and superheater components in power plants
- Ammonia, methanol and fertiliser plant piping and heat exchanger internals
- High-temperature valves, forged flanges and fittings to ASME B16.5 or B16.47
Above about 600 °C, or where steam pressure demands a thinner wall, designers normally step up to the 9% chromium grades such as A182 F9 or F91 instead of pushing 12CrMo19-5 further.
12CrMo19-5 compared with other Cr-Mo grades
| ASTM grade | Nominal alloy | EN equivalent | Chosen when |
|---|---|---|---|
| F11 / F12 | 1.25Cr-0.5Mo | 13CrMo4-5 / 1.7335 | General hot piping and vessels to about 550 °C, cheapest of the family |
| F22 | 2.25Cr-1Mo | 10CrMo9-10 / 1.7380 | Heavy-wall hydroprocessing reactors, best strength of the low-chromium grades |
| F5 | 5Cr-0.5Mo | 12CrMo19-5 / 1.7362 | Sulphidic corrosion resistance matters more than strength, refinery hot service |
| F9 | 9Cr-1Mo | X11CrMo9-1 / 1.7386 | Harsher sulphur and higher temperature than F5 will take |
| F91 | 9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb | X10CrMoVNb9-1 / 1.4903 | High-pressure steam where creep strength allows a thinner wall |
F22 is the stronger steel. F5 carries more chromium and handles sulphur better. The two are chosen for different reasons and one does not replace the other. We forge all five grades in this table, so a comparison enquiry can be quoted side by side.
Request a quotation for 12CrMo19-5 forgings
Send the drawing. If there is no drawing yet, send the form, the rough dimensions, the quantity and the standard you need certified. Quotations are normally returned within 24 hours.
Frequently asked questions about 12CrMo19-5
What is 12CrMo19-5 steel?
12CrMo19-5 is a creep-resistant chromium-molybdenum alloy steel with a nominal composition of 5% chromium and 0.5% molybdenum, listed as material number 1.7362 and as X11CrMo5 in European standards. 12CrMo19-5 is used for pressure-retaining parts that operate hot, mainly in oil refining.
What is 12CrMo19-5 equivalent to?
12CrMo19-5 is equivalent to EN 1.7362 / X11CrMo5 / X12CrMo5, ASTM A182 Grade F5 and A336 F5 for forgings, ASTM A335 P5 for pipe, ASTM A213 T5 for tube, ASTM A387 Grade 5 for plate, UNS K41545 and S50200, AISI 501 and 502, GOST 15Kh5M, Chinese GB 1Cr5Mo and Japanese JIS SFVA F5A. Limits differ slightly between these standards, so the purchase order should name one of them.
Is 12CrMo19-5 stainless steel?
No. 12CrMo19-5 contains around 5% chromium, roughly half of the 10.5% needed for stainless behaviour, so it rusts in damp conditions and requires protection during storage and shipping. Its chromium is there for high-temperature oxidation and sulphidation resistance, not for atmospheric corrosion resistance.
What is the maximum service temperature of 12CrMo19-5?
12CrMo19-5 is normally applied up to about 600 °C in continuous service, and ASME B16.5 flange tables carry the F5 material group to 649 °C at reduced pressure ratings. The real limit is set by the design code, the pressure and the hydrogen partial pressure rather than by the steel on its own.
Can 12CrMo19-5 be welded?
Yes, with procedure control. 12CrMo19-5 air-hardens, so welding needs a preheat of 200 to 300 °C, low-hydrogen B6 class 5Cr-0.5Mo consumables, an uninterrupted preheat, and post-weld heat treatment at 730 to 760 °C followed by slow cooling. Welding it cold, or skipping the post-weld heat treatment, produces hard and crack-prone heat-affected zones.
What is the difference between A182 F5 and A182 F22?
A182 F22, which is 2.25Cr-1Mo and EN 10CrMo9-10, is the stronger steel and is preferred for heavy-wall hydroprocessing vessels. A182 F5, which is 12CrMo19-5 and 5Cr-0.5Mo, carries more chromium and better resists high-temperature sulphidic corrosion in refinery streams. The choice comes down to strength against corrosion resistance.
Who supplies 12CrMo19-5 forgings?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. forges 12CrMo19-5 to order at its open-die forging plant at No. 1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. Enquiries go to sales@steelforgepieces.com or +86 189 2135 9659.
What forms can be supplied in 12CrMo19-5?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal supplies 12CrMo19-5 as seamless rolled rings, forged discs and blanks, tubesheets and tube plates, shafts, round and hollow bars, sleeves, bushes, cylinders, casings, valve bodies and bonnets, girth flanges, channel covers and long welding neck nozzles. Diameters run from 100 mm to 6000 mm and piece weights from 10 kg to 15000 kg.
What certificates come with the forgings?
EN 10204 type 3.1 certificates are standard on every 12CrMo19-5 order from Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal, covering chemical analysis, mechanical test results, heat-treatment records and NDT reports. Type 3.2 certificates witnessed by TUV, BV, SGS, Lloyd's or the customer's own inspector are available on request.
What is the lead time for 12CrMo19-5 forgings?
Lead time depends on the size of the part and on whether a dedicated heat has to be melted for the order. Rings and discs forged from stock billet ship faster than large tubesheets or parts that need their own heat. Send the drawing and we will confirm a firm date with the quotation.
Standards referenced on this page
ASTM A182/A182M for forged flanges, fittings and valve parts in high-temperature service. ASTM A336 for forgings for pressure and high-temperature parts. ASTM A335, A213 and A369 for seamless pipe and tube. ASTM A387 for Cr-Mo pressure vessel plate. ASTM A388 for ultrasonic examination of steel forgings. ASTM A370 for mechanical testing. ASTM E709 for magnetic particle testing. EN 10216-2 and EN 10222-2 for steels for pressure purposes with specified elevated temperature properties. EN 10253-2 for butt-welding fittings. EN 10228-3 for ultrasonic testing of ferritic forgings. EN 10204 for types of inspection document. API 941 for steels in hydrogen service at elevated temperature. ASME B16.5 and B16.47 for pipe flanges.
Standards can be purchased from ASTM International and from the European Committee for Standardization. Always work to the edition named in your purchase order.
This datasheet was compiled by the technical sales team at Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. and last reviewed on 8 September 2026. The figures are given in good faith for comparison and enquiry purposes. Contractual properties are those stated on the mill certificate supplied with the goods.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
An open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China, producing forged rings, seamless rolled rings, discs, tubesheets, shafts, flanges and valve components in carbon steel, alloy steel, tool steel, stainless steel and nickel alloys, for the refining, petrochemical, power generation, pressure vessel and heavy machinery industries worldwide.
- Address
- No. 1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Telephone, WhatsApp and WeChat
- +86 189 2135 9659
- Website
- www.steelforgepieces.com
- Business hours
- Monday to Saturday, 08:00 to 18:00 China Standard Time, UTC+8
- Ports of loading
- Shanghai and Zhangjiagang