2.4060 is the European material number (Werkstoff-Nr.) for Ni 99.6, a commercially pure wrought nickel covered by DIN 17740 and the DIN 17750 to 17754 product standards. It resists caustic alkalis at essentially all concentrations and temperatures, including hot sodium hydroxide, and it also resists fluorine, dry halogens and reducing chemicals. As a single-phase solid solution it keeps its ductility and toughness from cryogenic temperatures up to about 315 °C.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. We forge 2.4060 into seamless rolled rings, flanges, round bars, shafts, discs, tube sheets, sleeves, bushings and pipes from 100 mm to 6,000 mm in diameter and 10 kg to 15,000 kg per piece. Ultrasonic testing is carried out to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388, and certificates are issued to EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2.
Page last reviewed 8 August 2026. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. sales@steelforgepieces.com
What is 2.4060 (Ni 99.6)?
2.4060 is one of the commercially pure wrought nickels. It contains 99.0 % nickel minimum, with controlled limits on carbon, manganese, silicon, copper and iron. There is no chromium, no molybdenum and no precipitation-hardening element in the composition, so 2.4060 is not an age-hardening superalloy in the way Nimonic 80A or Inconel 718 are.
What 2.4060 provides is the corrosion behaviour of nickel itself. It performs well in caustic alkalis across the full range of concentrations and temperatures, in dry chlorine and fluorine, in neutral and alkaline salts, and in reducing acids. It also has high thermal and electrical conductivity, low gas permeability and magnetostrictive properties, which is why it appears in electrical and electronic hardware as well as in chemical plant.
2.4060 is ferromagnetic at room temperature and loses that ferromagnetism above its Curie temperature of about 360 °C. Where a non-magnetic material is required, 2.4060 is not suitable and a nickel-chromium or nickel-copper grade should be used instead.
2.4060 chemical composition
We control the composition of 2.4060 to the limits below. Every heat is analysed and the result is printed on the material certificate.
| Element | Symbol | Limit |
|---|---|---|
| Nickel (plus cobalt) | Ni | 99.0 min |
| Carbon | C | 0.15 max |
| Manganese | Mn | 0.35 max |
| Silicon | Si | 0.35 max |
| Copper | Cu | 0.25 max |
| Iron | Fe | 0.40 max |
| Sulphur | S | 0.010 max |
Analysis per heat. Reported on EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 certificate. Tighter limits available on request.
Sulphur is held to 0.010 % maximum because sulphur embrittles nickel. It causes hot shortness during forging and hot cracking during welding, so a low sulphur level is what makes 2.4060 workable in heavy sections.
2.4060 mechanical properties
2.4060 forgings are supplied annealed. Typical room-temperature values in that condition are listed below. Actual results depend on section size, the amount of hot work and the annealing practice, and they are reported per test on the certificate.
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength, Rm | 380–520 MPa | 55–75 ksi |
| Yield strength, Rp0.2 | 83–207 MPa | 12–30 ksi |
| Elongation, A | 40–60 % | 40–60 % |
| Hardness | ≤ 70 HRB | ≤ 70 HRB |
| Modulus of elasticity, E | approx. 207 GPa | approx. 30 × 106 psi |
Typical annealed values for guidance. Confirm the acceptance values required by your drawing or specification.
2.4060 is a low-strength, high-ductility material. It is specified for corrosion performance rather than load capacity, so a pressure part in 2.4060 is normally thicker than the equivalent part in stainless steel. The wide yield range reflects how strongly cold work raises the strength of pure nickel. Cold-worked 2.4060 reaches much higher yield values than the annealed figures above.
2.4060 physical properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 8.89 g/cm³ (0.321 lb/in³) |
| Melting range | 1435–1445 °C (2615–2635 °F) |
| Curie temperature | approx. 360 °C (680 °F) |
| Thermal expansion, 20–200 °C | approx. 13.3 µm/m·°C |
| Thermal conductivity, 20 °C | approx. 70 W/m·K |
| Electrical resistivity, 20 °C | approx. 0.096 µΩ·m |
| Magnetic response | Ferromagnetic below approx. 360 °C |
Typical values for commercially pure nickel, given for design guidance.
2.4060 equivalent grades and cross reference
Buyers often cross-specify 2.4060 with two other commercially pure nickels. The difference between them matters above 315 °C, where carbon in nickel precipitates as graphite at the grain boundaries and embrittles the material. That is the reason a low-carbon version exists.
| Werkstoff-Nr. | DIN name | UNS | Common name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.4060 | Ni 99.6 | – | Pure nickel | The grade on this page. Ni 99.0 % min. |
| 2.4066 | Ni 99.2 | N02200 | Nickel 200 | Standard-carbon pure nickel, service to approx. 315 °C. |
| 2.4068 | LC-Ni 99 | N02201 | Nickel 201 | Low carbon (0.02 % C max) for service above 315 °C. |
| 2.4360 | NiCu30Fe | N04400 | Monel 400 | Ni-Cu alloy, used where seawater and HF resistance is needed. |
Nearest-equivalent guide only. The grades are not fully interchangeable. Confirm the exact designation on your drawing before the melt is booked.
If your specification calls out Nickel 200, Nickel 201, N02200, N02201, 2.4066 or 2.4068, we can quote and forge those grades on the same route described below. Send us the specification and we will confirm the material number the heat will be melted to.
2.4060 forged product forms and size range
We produce the following 2.4060 forged forms to customer drawing. Everything is made to order. There is no stock catalogue and no requirement to take a full production batch.
| Forged form | Typical size range | Where it is used |
|---|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings and forged rings | 100–6,000 mm OD | Vessel shells, flanged joints, gear rings, slewing rings |
| Forged flanges | up to 6,000 mm OD | Caustic evaporators, reactors, columns, heat exchangers |
| Forged round bars and flat bars | 100–1,200 mm dia. × up to 12,000 mm | Machining stock, valve stems, fasteners, anodes |
| Forged shafts and spindles | up to 12,000 mm long | Chemical pumps, plunger pumps, agitators |
| Forged discs and disks | up to 6,000 mm dia. | Blind flanges, closures, tube-sheet blanks |
| Forged tube sheets | up to 6,000 mm dia. | Shell-and-tube heat exchangers, preheaters |
| Forged sleeves and bushings | 100–3,000 mm OD | Pump wear parts, subsea housings, compressor parts |
| Forged pipes and tubes | up to 3,000 mm OD | Process piping spools, nozzles, headers |
| Forged valve bodies, bonnets, stems, seat rings | to drawing | Ball, gate, globe, check and plug valves |
| Forged blocks and open-die shapes | 10–15,000 kg per piece | Manifolds, process modules, wellhead components |
Works capability: 100–6,000 mm diameter, 100–12,000 mm length, 10–15,000 kg per piece.
How 2.4060 forgings are produced
Melting
2.4060 is melted on an EAF + VOD + ESR route: electric arc furnace melting, vacuum oxygen decarburisation to remove carbon and dissolved gases, then electroslag remelting to refine the ingot structure and bring down sulphur and non-metallic inclusions. Where the specification calls for it we use VIM + ESR + VAR instead.
Forging
The works runs 1-ton, 3-ton, 6-ton and 9-ton open-die forging hammers and a 4,500-ton hydraulic press. Rings are produced on 3-metre and 6-metre seamless ring rolling mills. Pure nickel has a narrow hot-working window, so temperature and reduction per pass are controlled closely to refine the grain through the full section rather than only near the surface.
Heat treatment
All heat treatment is done in house. Annealed, normalised and stress-relieved conditions are available, together with hardening and tempering for the steel grades produced on the same lines.
Machining
2.4060 forgings are supplied as-forged, rough machined with an agreed machining allowance, or finish machined to drawing including bores, faces, grooves and flange facings.
People
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. employs 460 staff, including 9 senior engineers and 32 intermediate engineers, covering raw material, forging, heat treatment, machining, testing and inspection.
Heat treatment of 2.4060 forgings
2.4060 cannot be hardened by heat treatment. It is a single-phase solid solution with no precipitating second phase, so the solution and ageing cycles used on Nimonic and Inconel grades have no effect on it. Strength in 2.4060 comes from cold work. Three treatments are used in practice:
- Annealing (softening). Typically in the region of 700 to 870 °C followed by rapid cooling, to recrystallise the structure and restore maximum ductility and corrosion resistance. This is the standard delivery condition for forgings.
- Stress relieving. Typically 480 to 705 °C, to remove residual stress from forging, welding or machining while keeping most of the strength gained from cold work.
- Stress equalising. A low-temperature treatment applied to cold-worked material to balance internal stresses and improve dimensional stability before final machining.
Typical practice, given for guidance. The governing specification or your drawing takes precedence. Send it with the enquiry and the treatment will be quoted to that document.
Furnace atmosphere has to be low in sulphur. Sulphur-bearing fuel, oil residue, grease or marking crayon left on the surface will attack the grain boundaries at temperature and embrittle the part, so we degrease all 2.4060 forgings before heat treatment.
Machining and welding 2.4060
2.4060 work hardens quickly, and that governs how it is cut. If the edge rubs instead of cutting, the surface glazes and the next pass has to cut through a layer harder than the base material. Working rules:
- Sharp, positive-rake tooling. Change the insert before it dulls rather than after.
- Heavy, constant positive feed so the edge stays underneath the work-hardened skin. Do not dwell in the cut.
- Low to moderate surface speed, rigid workholding, minimum tool overhang.
- Generous flood coolant, sulphur free if the part will be heat treated or welded afterwards.
For welding, 2.4060 is joined by GTAW/TIG, GMAW/MIG and SMAW with matching commercially pure nickel consumables such as ERNi-1 filler wire or ENi-1 electrodes. Joint faces are cleaned back to bright metal and degreased first, since sulphur contamination causes hot cracking in nickel weld metal. Preheat is normally not required and interpass temperature is kept low.
Testing, inspection and certification
Every 2.4060 forging is tested to the standards named on the purchase order. The standard scope is:
| Check | Standard or method |
|---|---|
| Chemical analysis | Spectrometric analysis per heat. PMI on request |
| Mechanical testing | Tensile, elongation, reduction of area, hardness. Impact on request |
| Ultrasonic examination | EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388. Acceptance class to order |
| Surface examination | Visual and dimensional. Dye penetrant (PT) on request |
| Grain size and metallography | On request |
| Certificate | EN 10204 3.1, or EN 10204 3.2 witnessed by a third party |
| Third-party inspection | By arrangement, including your own inspector |
State the required UT standard and acceptance class on the enquiry. It affects both the forging ratio and the price.
What 2.4060 forgings are used for
2.4060 is specified where chemistry rather than load drives the material choice. These are the applications we supply most often.
| Industry | Typical 2.4060 forged components |
|---|---|
| Caustic soda and chlor-alkali | Evaporator bodies, reactor flanges, rolled rings, tube sheets, agitator shafts |
| Chemical processing and storage | Columns and towers, tanks, silos, process modules, preheaters, nozzles |
| Fluorine and halogen handling | Valve bodies, seat rings, stems, piping spools, manifolds |
| Pressure vessels and heat exchangers | Forged flanges, tube sheets, forged pipes and tubes, air receiver components |
| Pumps and rotating equipment | Chemical pump and plunger pump shafts, sleeves, bushings, wear rings |
| Oil and gas, offshore and subsea | Wellhead and Christmas-tree parts, subsea housings, compressor and generator components |
| Synthetic fibre and food processing | Spinnerette hardware, reactor internals, contact surfaces where product purity matters |
| Aerospace and defence | Corrosion-resistant structural and system hardware |
| Electrical and electronic | Anodes, lead wires, battery and capacitor components, magnetostrictive parts |
| Pulp, paper, pharmaceutical, water treatment | Digester and reactor parts, rolls, wheels, forged manifolds |
Buying 2.4060 forgings from Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging and seamless rolled ring factory at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. We forge carbon steel, alloy steel, tool steel, stainless steel and nickel alloys including 2.4060, and we export worldwide.
| Capability | Detail |
|---|---|
| Diameter range | 100 – 6,000 mm |
| Length range | 100 – 12,000 mm |
| Piece weight | 10 – 15,000 kg |
| Forging hammers | 1 t, 3 t, 6 t, 9 t |
| Hydraulic press | 4,500 t |
| Ring rolling mills | 3 m and 6 m |
| Melting routes | EAF + VOD + ESR, VIM + ESR + VAR |
| Workforce | 460 staff, 9 senior and 32 intermediate engineers |
| In-house scope | Melting, forging, heat treatment, machining, NDT, inspection |
Melting, forging, heat treatment, machining and testing all take place in one works, so a 2.4060 order stays traceable from ingot to certificate without passing through a trading chain. We accept single pieces, prototypes and repeat production.
How to request a 2.4060 forging quotation
Send the following to sales@steelforgepieces.com and we will come back with a price, a lead time and the proposed forging route:
- Drawing or dimensions. A PDF, STEP or DWG drawing, or simply OD × ID × height for a ring, or diameter × length for a bar.
- Grade and standard. 2.4060, or the equivalent you work to (Ni 99.6, Nickel 200, Nickel 201, N02200, N02201, 2.4066, 2.4068).
- Quantity. Including whether this is a one-off, a prototype or an annual requirement.
- Delivery condition. As-forged, rough machined with allowance, or finish machined.
- NDT requirement. UT standard and acceptance class (EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388), plus any PT requirement.
- Certificate. EN 10204 3.1, or 3.2 with the third party you want to witness.
- Delivery terms and destination port. FOB, CIF, DAP or EXW.
- Company
- Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., open-die forging factory
- Address
- No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Phone
- +86-189-2135-9659
- sales@steelforgepieces.com
- Website
- www.steelforgepieces.com
- Serves
- Worldwide export. Enquiries in English and Chinese
2.4060 frequently asked questions
What is material 2.4060?
2.4060 is the European material number (Werkstoff-Nr.) for Ni 99.6, a commercially pure wrought nickel with 99.0 % nickel minimum. It is a single-phase solid solution used where resistance to caustic alkalis, fluorine, dry halogens and reducing chemicals is required. It keeps its ductility and toughness from cryogenic temperatures up to about 315 °C.
Is 2.4060 the same as Nickel 200 or Nickel 201?
They are close but not identical. 2.4060 is Ni 99.6 in the DIN system. Nickel 200 is Werkstoff-Nr. 2.4066 (Ni 99.2, UNS N02200). Nickel 201 is Werkstoff-Nr. 2.4068 (LC-Ni 99, UNS N02201), the low-carbon version for service above 315 °C. All three are commercially pure nickel and are often cross-specified. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. asks customers to confirm the exact grade on the drawing before the melt is booked.
What is 2.4060 used for?
2.4060 is used in caustic soda evaporators and reactors, chlorine and fluorine handling equipment, synthetic fibre production, chemical processing and storage vessels, food processing equipment, and aerospace and defence hardware. Typical forged parts are flanges, seamless rolled rings, valve bodies and stems, tube sheets, shafts, discs and sleeves.
Is 2.4060 magnetic?
Yes. 2.4060 is commercially pure nickel and is ferromagnetic at room temperature. It loses that ferromagnetism above its Curie temperature of about 360 °C. This separates it from austenitic stainless steels and from nickel-chromium alloys such as Inconel 600, which are essentially non-magnetic.
Can 2.4060 be heat treated to increase strength?
No. 2.4060 is a solid solution and is not precipitation or age hardenable. Strength is raised only by cold work. Forgings are supplied annealed, typically in the region of 700 to 870 °C followed by rapid cooling. Where dimensional stability matters, a stress-relieving or stress-equalising treatment is used instead.
Can 2.4060 be welded?
Yes. 2.4060 is welded by GTAW/TIG, GMAW/MIG and SMAW with matching commercially pure nickel consumables such as ERNi-1 filler wire or ENi-1 electrodes. Joint surfaces must be cleaned of sulphur-bearing contaminants such as grease, marking crayon and cutting fluid before welding, because sulphur causes hot cracking in nickel.
What size 2.4060 forgings can Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal supply?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. produces 2.4060 open-die forgings and seamless rolled rings from 100 mm to 6,000 mm diameter, 100 mm to 12,000 mm length, and 10 kg to 15,000 kg per piece. The works runs 1-ton, 3-ton, 6-ton and 9-ton forging hammers, a 4,500-ton hydraulic press, and 3-metre and 6-metre ring rolling mills.
What testing and certificates are supplied with 2.4060 forgings?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. supplies 2.4060 forgings with chemical analysis, mechanical testing and ultrasonic examination to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388 as specified by the customer. Certificates are issued to EN 10204 3.1, or EN 10204 3.2 with third-party witness.
Is 2.4060 difficult to machine?
2.4060 work hardens quickly, so it is harder to machine than carbon or stainless steel. It needs sharp positive-rake tooling, rigid setups, heavy positive feed to stay under the work-hardened layer, low to moderate surface speed and generous coolant. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. can deliver 2.4060 as-forged, rough machined with allowance, or finish machined to drawing.
How do I get a price for 2.4060 forgings?
Send the drawing or the rough dimensions, the quantity, the governing standard, the required NDT class and the certificate type to sales@steelforgepieces.com, or call +86-189-2135-9659. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. quotes 2.4060 forgings against drawings and accepts single-piece and prototype orders.