12CD9-10 steel forgings
Open-die and rolled ring forgings in 2.25Cr-1Mo creep-resistant steel. Equivalent to EN 10CrMo9-10 (1.7380) and ASTM A182 F22.
- AFNOR grade
- 12CD9-10
- EN equivalent
- 10CrMo9-10
- Material number
- 1.7380
- ASTM forging spec
- A182 F22
- UNS
- K21590
- Nominal alloy
- 2.25Cr-1Mo
- Service temp.
- ≤ 580 °C
- Delivery
- +NT / +QT
12CD9-10 is the French AFNOR designation for a 2.25Cr-1Mo creep-resistant low-alloy steel, equivalent to EN 10CrMo9-10 (material number 1.7380) and ASTM A182 F22 / UNS K21590. It contains 0.08 to 0.14% carbon, 2.00 to 2.50% chromium and 0.90 to 1.10% molybdenum. It is specified for pressure equipment running at elevated temperature and in hydrogen service up to about 580 °C.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. It forges 12CD9-10 into seamless rolled rings, flanges, tubesheets, channel covers, valve bodies, shafts, discs and hollow bars, supplied with EN 10204 3.1 certification. Contact: sales@steelforgepieces.com, +86 189 2135 9659.
12CD9-10 designation and alloy family
In the AFNOR system the designation states the composition. The number 12 is 0.12% carbon. C is chromium, divided by 4, so 9/4 gives 2.25%. D is molybdenum, divided by 10, so 10/10 gives 1.0%. The grade is also written 12 CD 9-10 and 12CD9.10.
At these levels chromium and molybdenum form stable M23C6 carbides. The steel has high creep rupture strength and good resistance to high-temperature hydrogen attack. The 2.25Cr-1Mo family sits high on the API 941 Nelson curves and is standard for hydroprocessing and boiler pressure parts. Close relatives in the same EN family are 11CrMo9-10 (1.7383) and 12CrMo9-10 (1.7375).
Chemical composition of 12CD9-10
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | N | Cu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.08–0.14 | max 0.50 | 0.40–0.80 | max 0.020 | max 0.010 | 2.00–2.50 | 0.90–1.10 | max 0.012 | max 0.30 |
Source: EN 10028-2:2003. On orders placed against EN 10216-2 for seamless tubes, the manganese range narrows to 0.30 to 0.70%. Residual elements can be restricted further on request for sour or hydrogen service.
Mechanical properties of 12CD9-10
| Property | ≤ 16 mm | > 16–40 | > 40–60 | > 60–100 | > 100–150 | > 150–250 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rm, tensile strength (MPa) | 480–630 | 480–630 | 480–630 | 470–620 | 460–610 | 450–600 |
| ReH, min. yield strength (MPa) | 310 | 300 | 290 | 280 | 260 | 250 |
| Rp0.2, 0.2% proof strength, +NT (MPa) | 280 | 280 | 270 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Property | Test condition | Value |
|---|---|---|
| KV, Charpy V impact energy, longitudinal | +20 °C | 40 J |
| KV, Charpy V impact energy, transverse | +20 °C | 27–31 J |
| A, min. elongation at fracture, longitudinal | +NT | 22 % |
| A, min. elongation at fracture, transverse | +NT | 20 % |
Values to EN 10028-2. Properties are verified on test pieces representing the forging. Sampling location and orientation are agreed at order stage and recorded on the EN 10204 3.1 certificate.
12CD9-10 equivalent grades
| Standard / country | Designation | Product form |
|---|---|---|
| France, AFNOR NF | 12CD9-10 | All forms |
| Europe, EN | 10CrMo9-10 | Plate, tube, forgings |
| Europe, material number | 1.7380 | All forms |
| Germany, DIN | 10CrMo910 | All forms |
| USA, ASTM / ASME | A182 F22 / SA-182 F22 | Forgings, flanges, valves |
| USA, ASTM | A387 Gr. 22 | Pressure vessel plate |
| USA, ASTM | A335 P22 / A213 T22 | Seamless pipe and tube |
| USA, UNS | K21590 | All forms |
| Japan, JIS | SCMV4 / STPA24 | Plate / pipe |
| China, GB | 12Cr2Mo1 | All forms |
| Russia, GOST | 10Kh2M | All forms |
| Czech Republic, ČSN | 15 313 | All forms |
These are the closest known equivalents, given for guidance. Chemistry limits, heat treatment and test requirements differ between standards. State the governing specification on the order.
Forging and heat treatment
12CD9-10 is air-hardening, so cooling after forging is controlled. Heavy sections go into dehydrogenation heat treatment straight from the forging heat to prevent hydrogen flaking. Post-weld heat treatment is required on welded assemblies.
| Operation | Temperature | Cooling |
|---|---|---|
| Forging / heating | 1,150–1,200 °C | Finish forging above 850 °C |
| Normalising | 930–960 °C | Still air |
| Quenching (+QT only) | 920–950 °C | Oil |
| Tempering | 730–760 °C | Still air |
| Softening / subcritical anneal | 730–760 °C | Still air |
Standard delivery conditions are +NT (normalised and tempered) and +QT (quenched and tempered). The temperatures above are indicative. The final cycle is set against the governing specification and the section thickness of the part, and is recorded on the certificate.
12CD9-10 forged products we manufacture
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. produces the following forms in 12CD9-10, from customer drawings or from a specification and dimension list.
- Seamless rolled ringsRing forgings, retaining rings, gear and bearing ring blanks
- Forged flangesLong welding neck, self-reinforced FVC nozzles, girth flanges, cover flanges, blind and orifice flanges
- Tubesheets and tube platesStationary, floating, front and rear; clad, weld-overlay and coated tubesheets
- Heat exchanger componentsChannel covers, shell and tube heat exchanger parts, nozzle necks
- Valve componentsValve bodies and blocks, bonnets, stems, closures, seat rings
- Discs and blocksForged discs, disks, blanks and rectangular blocks
- Bars and hollow barsForged round bar, hollow bar, sleeves, bushes and bushings
- Shafts and housingsShafts, hubs, housings, cylinders, barrels, casings and shells
Size range and forging capability
| Form | Size range |
|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings | Outside diameter 200–4,000 mm, height to 1,500 mm, wall from 40 mm |
| Discs, tubesheets, channel covers | Diameter to 4,000 mm, thickness to 600 mm |
| Forged round bar and shafts | Diameter 80–1,200 mm, length to 12,000 mm |
| Hollow bars and sleeves | Outside diameter 150–2,000 mm, bore from 60 mm |
| Single-piece weight | 10 kg to 30,000 kg |
| Delivery condition | As-forged, rough machined, +N, +NT, +QT, or finish machined to drawing |
Sizes outside this range are often possible. Send the drawing and we will confirm. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. has been manufacturing open-die forgings in Jiangyin since 2003, operating hydraulic presses to 3,150 t, CNC ring rolling mills and in-house heat-treatment furnaces with calibrated recorders.
Applications for 12CD9-10 forgings
12CD9-10 is used for pressure-retaining parts that run at elevated temperature, particularly in hydrogen-bearing streams.
- Refining and hydroprocessing. Hydrocracker and hydrotreater reactor shells, nozzles, flanges and closures; catalytic reformer components.
- Petrochemical pressure vessels. Reactors, separators, coke drums and high-temperature exchangers.
- Power generation. Boiler drums and headers, superheater and reheater components, steam piping, turbine casings and valve bodies.
- Heat exchangers. Tubesheets, channel covers and girth flanges for shell-and-tube units, often with stainless or nickel-alloy weld overlay.
- Valves and fittings. High-temperature valve bodies, bonnets and seat rings to ASTM A182 F22.
Testing, inspection and certification
Every 12CD9-10 forging is supplied with an EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate. It covers heat chemical analysis, the heat-treatment record, tensile test, Charpy V impact test, hardness and a dimensional report.
| Test | Standard | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical analysis | Spectrometric, heat and product analysis | Standard |
| Tensile test | EN ISO 6892-1 / ASTM A370 | Standard |
| Charpy V impact | EN ISO 148-1 / ASTM A370 | Standard |
| Hardness | Brinell, EN ISO 6506 | Standard |
| Ultrasonic testing | EN 10228-3 / ASTM A388 | On request |
| Magnetic particle / dye penetrant | EN 10228-1 / ASTM E709 / E165 | On request |
| PMI, grain size, macro/micro | ASTM E1476 / ASTM E112 | On request |
| Third-party inspection, EN 10204 3.2 | SGS, BV, TÜV, Lloyd's Register, DNV | On request |
Quality system: ISO 9001 certified. Forgings are supplied in accordance with PED 2014/68/EU and NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 where specified on the order.
Frequently asked questions about 12CD9-10
What is 12CD9-10 steel?
12CD9-10 is the French AFNOR designation for a 2.25Cr-1Mo creep-resistant low-alloy steel used in pressure equipment at elevated temperature. The designation states the composition: 12 is 0.12% carbon, C is chromium at 9/4 = 2.25%, D is molybdenum at 10/10 = 1.0%. It is the same material family as EN 10CrMo9-10 (1.7380) and ASTM A182 F22.
What is 12CD9-10 equivalent to?
The closest equivalents are EN 10CrMo9-10 (material number 1.7380), DIN 10CrMo910, ASTM and ASME A182 F22 for forgings, A387 Grade 22 for plate, A335 P22 for pipe, UNS K21590, JIS SCMV4, GB 12Cr2Mo1, GOST 10Kh2M and ČSN 15 313. Confirm the equivalent against the governing specification before ordering.
What is the chemical composition of 12CD9-10?
To EN 10028-2: carbon 0.08 to 0.14%, silicon max 0.50%, manganese 0.40 to 0.80%, phosphorus max 0.020%, sulphur max 0.010%, chromium 2.00 to 2.50%, molybdenum 0.90 to 1.10%, nitrogen max 0.012% and copper max 0.30%. Under EN 10216-2 the manganese range is 0.30 to 0.70%.
What are the mechanical properties of 12CD9-10?
Tensile strength Rm is 480 to 630 MPa up to 60 mm thickness and 450 to 600 MPa at 150 to 250 mm. Minimum yield strength ReH is 310 MPa up to 16 mm and 250 MPa at 150 to 250 mm. In the normalised and tempered condition Rp0.2 is 280 MPa up to 40 mm. Minimum elongation is 22% longitudinal and 20% transverse. Charpy V impact energy at +20 °C is 40 J longitudinal and 27 to 31 J transverse.
Is 12CD9-10 the same as ASTM A182 F22?
Both are 2.25Cr-1Mo steels and are routinely cross-referenced, but they are written to different standards. 12CD9-10 is the AFNOR designation, normally ordered against EN 10028-2 or EN 10216-2. A182 F22 is the ASTM specification for alloy steel forgings for high-temperature service. Composition limits and required heat treatment differ slightly, so state which specification governs the order.
What forged products can be made from 12CD9-10?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. forges 12CD9-10 into seamless rolled rings; forged flanges including long welding neck and self-reinforced FVC nozzles, girth flanges and cover flanges; tubesheets and tube plates including clad and weld-overlay tubesheets; channel covers and shell-and-tube heat exchanger components; valve bodies, bonnets, stems, closures and seat rings; shafts, discs, blocks, hubs, housings, cylinders, barrels, casings, shells, sleeves, bushings and hollow bars.
What heat treatment is applied to 12CD9-10 forgings?
12CD9-10 is normally supplied normalised and tempered (+NT) or quenched and tempered (+QT). Typical parameters are normalising at 930 to 960 °C cooled in still air, quenching from 920 to 950 °C in oil where +QT is required, and tempering at 730 to 760 °C followed by air cooling. Heavy sections receive dehydrogenation heat treatment after forging to prevent hydrogen flaking.
Why is 12CD9-10 used in hydrogen service?
The 2.25% chromium and 1% molybdenum content forms stable M23C6 carbides and gives high creep rupture strength and good resistance to high-temperature hydrogen attack. The 2.25Cr-1Mo family sits high on the API 941 Nelson curves. It is used for hydrocracker and hydrotreater reactor components, refinery and petrochemical pressure vessels, boiler headers and high-temperature piping running up to about 580 °C.
What is the largest 12CD9-10 forging you can produce?
Seamless rolled rings up to about 4,000 mm outside diameter, discs and tubesheets up to about 4,000 mm diameter, bars and shafts up to about 12,000 mm long, and single-piece forgings from about 10 kg to 30 tonnes. Send a drawing to sales@steelforgepieces.com and we will confirm the envelope for the part.
What test certificates are supplied with 12CD9-10 forgings?
Every forging is supplied with an EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate covering heat chemical analysis, heat-treatment record, tensile test, Charpy V impact test, hardness and dimensional report. Ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3 or ASTM A388, magnetic particle or dye penetrant testing, positive material identification, grain size and EN 10204 3.2 certification with third-party inspection are available on request.
How do I request a quotation for 12CD9-10 forgings?
Email a drawing or dimensions to sales@steelforgepieces.com or call +86 189 2135 9659. Include the governing specification, finished or rough dimensions, quantity, required delivery condition and any NDT or certification requirements. We reply with a technical and commercial offer, normally within one working day.
Where is your open-die forging factory located?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. operates its open-die forging factory at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. Jiangyin is on the south bank of the Yangtze River between Shanghai and Nanjing, with access to Shanghai and Ningbo ports for export.
Related alloy steel grades
Other chromium-molybdenum and nickel-chromium-molybdenum grades forged at the same factory: 42CrMo4, AISI 4140, 34CrMo4, AISI 4130, SCM440, 42CD4, 34CrNiMo6, AISI 4340 and 30NiCrMo8. The full list is on the alloy steel forgings page.
Request a quotation for 12CD9-10 forgings
Send a drawing, or a specification with dimensions and quantity. State the governing standard, the delivery condition and any NDT or third-party inspection requirement. We reply with a technical and commercial offer, normally within one working day.
- Manufacturer
- Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
- Factory address
- No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Telephone / WhatsApp / WeChat
- +86 189 2135 9659
- sales@steelforgepieces.com
Technical data on this page is compiled from EN 10028-2:2003 and EN 10216-2 and is published for guidance. Last reviewed 8 September 2026 by the technical sales team, Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.