1.5217 is the EN 10027-2 material number for 20MnV6, a vanadium micro-alloyed carbon-manganese engineering steel holding roughly 0.16 to 0.22 % C, 1.30 to 1.70 % Mn and 0.10 to 0.20 % V. It gives high yield strength without heavy alloying, welds without preheat, machines cleanly and takes a nitrided case well. EN 10294-1 lists it as a hollow bar grade, and it is widely used for bushes, cylinders, conveyor rolls and hollow shafts.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. We forge 1.5217 / 20MnV6 into round, square, flat and hexagonal bars, hollow bars and sleeves, forged and seamless rolled rings, discs, blocks and shafts, all made to drawing and supplied with EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certification. Enquiries: sales@steelforgepieces.com, +86 189 2135 9659.
What 1.5217 steel is
1.5217 (20MnV6) is a low-carbon manganese steel carrying a small vanadium addition. The vanadium forms fine carbonitride precipitates as the steel cools. Those refine the grain and raise strength without the extra carbon that would spoil weldability.
In service the grade behaves close to a much richer alloy steel, yet it stays easy to fabricate. Normalized, it gives 380 to 450 MPa minimum yield depending on section. Quenched and tempered, it reaches 520 to 620 MPa. Carbon sits below 0.22 %, so welding needs no preheat. The steel is normally calcium treated with sulphur held in a narrow band, so chips break instead of stringing and tools last.
Most of the world's 20MnV6 is consumed as hollow bar. EN 10294-1 lists the grade for seamless hollow bars for machining, and much of it ends up as bushes, cylinders and sleeves. In open-die forging the same properties suit any part that needs strength and toughness but does not justify a chromium-molybdenum grade such as 42CrMo4.
Equivalent and comparable grades
1.5217 and 20MnV6 are two names for one steel. The first is the material number, the second the steel name. Cross-references to other national systems are close but rarely exact, so check the actual specification before substituting.
| Standard or country | Designation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| EN 10027-2 material number | 1.5217 | The number that appears on mill certificates |
| DIN and EN steel name | 20MnV6 | Former DIN designation, still in general use |
| EN 10294-1 | 20MnV6 | Seamless hollow bars for machining |
| EN 10267 | 19MnVS6 (1.1301), 20MnVS6 | Precipitation-hardening ferritic-pearlitic variants with higher sulphur |
| China GB/T 3077 | 20MnV | Nearest Chinese grade |
| France AFNOR | 20MV6 | Nearest French grade |
| Italy UNI | 20MnV6 | Same designation |
| United Kingdom BS | Grade 55 and 55C family | Comparable C-Mn-V structural grades |
| Ovako and SKF | 280, SKF 280, 7260 | Proprietary equivalents |
| USA SAE and AISI | No exact equivalent | Cross-referenced to micro-alloyed C-Mn-V HSLA grades |
There is no direct SAE or AISI counterpart to 1.5217. North American buyers normally specify the EN grade, or substitute a micro-alloyed HSLA grade of matching yield strength once the design authority has reviewed it.
Chemical composition of 1.5217
| Element | Minimum % | Maximum % | Role in the steel |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.16 | 0.22 | Held low to keep weldability and toughness |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.10 | 0.50 | Deoxidation and modest solid-solution strengthening |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.30 | 1.70 | Main strengthening element, improves hardenability |
| Phosphorus (P) | - | 0.035 | Residual, limited for toughness |
| Sulphur (S) | - | 0.035 | Controlled for machinability and chip break-up |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.10 | 0.20 | Micro-alloy giving grain refinement and precipitation hardening |
Balance iron and residual elements. Nitrogen is often held near 70 to 150 ppm. Inside that window it adds roughly 90 MPa of tensile strength and 50 MPa of yield strength by increasing the volume of vanadium carbonitride.
Mechanical properties of 1.5217
Properties depend on delivery condition and ruling section. The tables give minimum longitudinal values. Forgings are tested on a prolongation cut from the piece itself, so the same figures apply once the ruling section is known.
As rolled and untreated (+U)
| Ruling section | Tensile Rm (MPa) | Yield Rp0.2 (MPa) | Elongation A (%) | Hardness (HB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| up to 25 mm | 580 | 450 | 16 | 172 |
| 25 to 80 mm | 550 | 420 | 16 | 159 |
| over 80 mm | 530 | 380 | 16 | 156 |
Normalized (+N)
| Ruling section | Rm (MPa) | Rp0.2 (MPa) | A (%) | KV +20 °C (J) | KV 0 °C (J) | KV −20 °C (J) | HB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| up to 25 mm | 580 | 450 | 18 | 40 | 35 | 27 | 172 |
| 25 to 80 mm | 550 | 430 | 18 | 40 | 35 | 27 | 159 |
| over 80 mm | 530 | 390 | 18 | 40 | 35 | 27 | 156 |
Quenched and tempered (+QT)
| Ruling section | Rm (MPa) | Rp0.2 (MPa) | A (%) | KV +20 °C (J) | KV 0 °C (J) | KV −20 °C (J) | HB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| up to 25 mm | 700 | 620 | 16 | 40 | 35 | 27 | 213 |
| 25 to 80 mm | 650 | 570 | 16 | 40 | 35 | 27 | 200 |
| over 80 mm | 600 | 520 | 16 | 40 | 35 | 27 | 178 |
Cold drawn (+C)
| Ruling section | Rm (MPa) | Rp0.2 (MPa) | A (%) | Hardness (HB, for information) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| up to 32 mm | 700 | 620 | 10 | 213 to 260 |
Values are minima for longitudinal test pieces. Transverse properties are lower, impact values especially. State the test direction on the enquiry if it matters.
Critical temperatures
| Point | °C | °F | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ac1 | 720 | 1328 | Austenite starts to form on heating |
| Ac3 | 815 | 1499 | Transformation to austenite complete |
| Ms | 400 | 752 | Martensite starts to form on quenching |
| Mf | 180 | 356 | Martensite transformation finished |
Heat treatment of 1.5217
| Operation | Temperature | Cooling | Result and notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot forging | 1100 down to 850 °C | Finish above 850 °C | Do not forge below the finishing temperature |
| Normalizing (+N) | 900 to 920 °C | Still air | Soak roughly 30 minutes once uniform |
| Hardening (+Q) | 880 to 930 °C in oil 870 to 925 °C in water | Oil, polymer or water | Around 46 HRC from water, soak 10 to 15 minutes per 25 mm |
| Tempering (+T) | 550 to 650 °C, 580 °C typical | Still air | Soak 1 hour per 25 mm, temper while still hand warm |
| Stress relieving (+SR) | 50 °C below the tempering temperature | Slow | Use after heavy machining |
| Soft annealing (+A) | 690 °C | Air | Maximum 210 HB |
| Isothermal annealing (+I) | 800 °C, hold to 670 °C | Furnace then air | For maximum machinability |
| Post-weld stress relief | 550 to 650 °C | Still air or furnace | Soak about 30 minutes |
Soaking times, heating rates and quench severity all shift with section size, geometry, furnace type and transfer speed. Use the figures above as a starting point and settle the cycle with your heat treater for the actual part. We can supply 1.5217 forgings already heat treated to the condition and hardness range shown on your drawing.
Surface hardening and nitriding
| Process | Temperature | Post-treatment | Typical case hardness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carburizing | 870 to 930 °C | Temper 150 to 200 °C | up to 63 HRC |
| Carbonitriding | 870 to 880 °C in gas | Temper 150 to 200 °C | up to 60 HRC |
| Case hardening, core | 870 to 880 °C, water quench | Temper immediately at 150 to 200 °C | Refined core under a hard case |
| Induction hardening | 870 to 925 °C | Temper 150 to 200 °C, then air | 45 to 48 HRC |
| Nitriding | 490 to 530 °C | Slow cool, no quench | up to 55 HRC |
Nitriding suits this grade particularly well. The vanadium gives a genuinely hard case, and with no quench involved the distortion stays small, so parts can be machined to near-final size before treatment and left with only a grinding allowance. If pre-hardened and tempered stock goes for nitriding, keep the earlier tempering temperature at least 15 °C above the nitriding temperature or the core properties will shift.
Before induction hardening an as-rolled or as-forged surface, machine off the black scale and any decarburised layer. Skipping that is the usual cause of soft spots and uneven case depth.
Welding and machining
Welding
1.5217 welds by all conventional processes. Preheat is normally unnecessary. Finish welds without interruption and use a multi-pass technique on fillet welds. Stress relief is often not required. Where it is specified, heat the weld zone to 550 to 650 °C, soak about 30 minutes and cool slowly in air or in the furnace.
Machining
Machinability is one reason this grade gets specified. Calcium treatment modifies the non-metallic inclusions and sulphur is held in a narrow band, so swarf breaks up instead of stringing. Feeds and speeds can run higher than on a plain carbon steel of similar strength, and tool life is longer. A machinability rating near 65 % relative to free cutting steel is commonly quoted.
1.5217 forged shapes we supply
Everything below is open-die forged to order at our works in Jiangyin. Send a drawing, a dimensioned sketch, or just the finished size, and we will propose the forging allowance.
Forged bars
Round bars, square and rectangular bars, flat bars and hexagonal bars in 1.5217, rough turned, peeled or black as forged.
Hollow bars and sleeves
Forged hollow bars, sleeves, bushes, bushings, pipes, tubes, barrels, casings, shells, cylinders, hubs and housings, the classic 20MnV6 application.
Rings
Forged rings and seamless rolled rings in 1.5217, including rectangular and profiled cross-sections.
Discs, blocks and plates
Forged discs, disks, blocks and plates, upset forged or drawn out depending on the grain flow you need.
Shafts
Forged shafts, gear shafts, pinion shafts, spindles and stepped shafts, straight or with integral flanges.
Custom forgings
Near-net-shape open-die forgings to drawing, with rough or finish machining available before despatch.
Forging capability and size range
| Product form | Size range | Single piece weight |
|---|---|---|
| Round bars | 80 to 1200 mm diameter, length up to 12 000 mm | 20 kg to 30 t |
| Square and flat bars | 80 to 1000 mm thickness, up to 12 000 mm long | 20 kg to 30 t |
| Hollow bars and sleeves | 150 to 2500 mm OD, ID from 60 mm | 50 kg to 25 t |
| Forged and rolled rings | 200 to 4000 mm OD, height up to 1500 mm | 20 kg to 20 t |
| Discs and blocks | Diameter or width up to 2500 mm | 50 kg to 25 t |
| Shafts | 100 to 1200 mm diameter, length up to 12 000 mm | 100 kg to 30 t |
Sizes outside these ranges are often still possible. Ask before assuming a part is too large or too small.
Testing, inspection and certification
Every 1.5217 forging leaves the works with an EN 10204 3.1 inspection certificate carrying the heat number, ladle analysis and mechanical test results. The following are available on request. State them at enquiry stage so they can be priced in:
- EN 10204 3.2 certification with third-party inspection by SGS, BV, TUV, LR or DNV
- Ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3 or ASTM A388, to an agreed acceptance class
- Magnetic particle inspection to EN 10228-1
- Charpy V-notch impact testing at +20 °C, 0 °C, −20 °C or lower
- Brinell hardness survey and hardness mapping
- Grain size, macro-etch and non-metallic inclusion rating
- Dimensional inspection report against the drawing
Our quality system follows ISO 9001 practice, with material traceable from the melt certificate through forging, heat treatment and final inspection.
Typical applications of 1.5217
1.5217 / 20MnV6 shows up wherever a part needs solid strength and toughness and will be welded or heavily machined:
- Bushes, bushings and bearing housings
- Hydraulic and pneumatic cylinder bodies
- Conveyor rolls and idler shells
- Hollow shafts and drilled shafts
- Rings, nuts and flange-type components
- Mining, drilling and earthmoving components
- Automotive and general engineering parts
- Rolls and roller bodies for process equipment
Where heavy sections have to through-harden, buyers usually move up to 42CrMo4 or 34CrNiMo6. Where the part is case hardened, the usual choice is 18CrNiMo7-6.
How to request a quotation for 1.5217 forgings
To get a firm price and lead time in one round, include the following:
- Grade and condition. 1.5217 or 20MnV6, and whether you need +U, +N or +QT.
- Shape and dimensions. A drawing, or finished sizes plus the machining allowance you expect.
- Quantity. Pieces per order and expected annual volume.
- Testing. UT class, impact test temperature, hardness range, certificate type.
- Delivery. Port of discharge, required date, packing preference.
Send it to sales@steelforgepieces.com or message +86 189 2135 9659 on WhatsApp or WeChat.
Frequently asked questions about 1.5217
What is 1.5217 steel?
1.5217 is the EN 10027-2 material number for 20MnV6, a vanadium micro-alloyed carbon-manganese engineering steel. It gives high yield strength together with good toughness, weldability and machinability, and is normally supplied as rolled (+U), normalized (+N) or quenched and tempered (+QT). Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. forges 1.5217 into bars, hollow bars, rings, discs and shafts in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China.
Is 1.5217 the same as 20MnV6?
Yes. 1.5217 is the material number and 20MnV6 is the steel name for the same grade. It sits close to 19MnVS6 (1.1301) and 20MnVS6 under EN 10267, appears as a hollow bar grade in EN 10294-1, and cross-references approximately to 20MnV in Chinese GB/T 3077 and 20MV6 in French AFNOR practice.
What is the chemical composition of 1.5217 steel?
Typical 1.5217 (20MnV6) composition in mass percent is carbon 0.16 to 0.22, silicon 0.10 to 0.50, manganese 1.30 to 1.70, phosphorus max 0.035, sulphur max 0.035 and vanadium 0.10 to 0.20. A controlled nitrogen content near 70 to 150 ppm adds roughly 90 MPa to tensile strength and 50 MPa to yield strength.
What are the mechanical properties of 1.5217 in the quenched and tempered condition?
In the +QT condition, 1.5217 (20MnV6) reaches a minimum 700 MPa tensile strength and 620 MPa yield strength with 16 % elongation for sections up to 25 mm, a minimum 650 MPa tensile and 570 MPa yield for 25 to 80 mm, and a minimum 600 MPa tensile and 520 MPa yield above 80 mm. Impact energy is at least 27 J at −20 °C in all three ranges.
Can 1.5217 steel be welded?
Yes. 1.5217 (20MnV6) welds by conventional processes because the carbon content stays low. Preheating is normally unnecessary. Where post-weld stress relief is specified, the weld zone is heated to 550 to 650 °C, soaked about 30 minutes per 25 mm and cooled slowly in still air or in the furnace.
Can 1.5217 be nitrided or case hardened?
Yes. The vanadium content lets 1.5217 (20MnV6) respond well to nitriding at 490 to 530 °C, giving a case near 55 HRC with very little distortion because no quench is involved. It can also be carburized at 870 to 930 °C, carbonitrided at 870 to 880 °C or induction hardened from 870 to 925 °C, with case hardness up to roughly 60 to 63 HRC after carburizing and 45 to 48 HRC after induction hardening.
Why is 1.5217 used for hollow bars and forged sleeves?
1.5217 (20MnV6) is a standard hollow bar grade under EN 10294-1. It offers high yield strength in the as-rolled or normalized condition without expensive alloying, machines cleanly and welds without preheat. Starting from a forged hollow section instead of solid bar removes the low-value core, cuts machining time and reduces component weight, so the grade is widely used for bushes, cylinders, conveyor rolls and hollow shafts.
Which forged shapes in 1.5217 does Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal supply?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. supplies 1.5217 / 20MnV6 as open-die forged round, square, flat and hexagonal bars, hollow bars, sleeves, bushes, cylinders, shells and housings, forged rings and seamless rolled rings, discs, blocks and plates, and gear shafts, pinion shafts and spindles. All shapes are made to drawing or to a dimensional specification. Contact sales@steelforgepieces.com or +86 189 2135 9659.
What documentation is supplied with 1.5217 forgings?
1.5217 forgings are supplied with an EN 10204 3.1 inspection certificate covering heat number traceability, chemical analysis and mechanical test results. EN 10204 3.2 certification with third-party inspection by agencies such as SGS, BV, TUV, LR or DNV can be arranged, along with ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3 or ASTM A388 and magnetic particle inspection to EN 10228-1.
About this datasheet
Published by: Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., open-die forging factory, No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China.
Scope: composition, mechanical properties, critical temperatures and heat treatment data for steel grade 1.5217 / 20MnV6, compiled from EN 10027-2, EN 10294-1 and EN 10267 practice and from published mill datasheets, together with the forged product forms we manufacture in this grade.
Last reviewed:
Suggested citation: Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., "1.5217 Steel (20MnV6): Composition, Properties, Heat Treatment and Forged Products", steelforgepieces.com.
Data is offered in good faith as a design aid. Confirm all values against the governing specification and your own qualification testing before use.