Seamless rolled rings
Radial-axial ring rolled from a pierced and upset billet, giving continuous circumferential grain flow.
OD 200–2,500 mm · wall 20–300 mm · height 20–600 mmUNS N06693 · Ni-Cr-Al-Nb · ASTM B166
Rolled rings · flanges · discs · shafts · sleeves · bars
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. forges Alloy 693 (UNS N06693) to drawing in our own open-die shop in Jiangyin, Jiangsu. Alloy 693 is specified for metal dusting service, where it outperforms other conventional wrought nickel alloys. Parts are annealed at 1010–1066 °C and rapidly cooled, ultrasonically tested to ASTM A388, EN 10228-3 or SEP 1921, and supplied with an EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificate. Send a drawing for a price within 24 working hours.
Definition
Alloy 693 (UNS N06693) is a wrought nickel-chromium-aluminium alloy with a niobium addition, containing 27.0–31.0 % chromium, 2.5–4.0 % aluminium, 2.5–6.0 % iron and 0.5–2.5 % niobium with nickel as the balance. A typical heat runs about 60.5 % Ni, 29 % Cr and 3.1 % Al. It was developed for service in metal dusting environments, and gives the highest resistance to that mechanism of any conventional wrought nickel alloy.
It is a single-phase, solid-solution alloy supplied in the annealed condition. Density is 7.77 g/cm³ and the melting range is 1317–1367 °C.
Alloy 693 has the same high chromium content as Alloy 690 and shares its resistance to oxidation and sulfidation. The difference is the aluminium addition, about 3.1 % in a typical heat. Aluminium forms an alumina-rich surface film that carbon does not readily penetrate, and carbon ingress is the mechanism behind metal dusting. This is why Alloy 693 is used in carburising, reducing atmospheres where Alloy 690 and Alloy 601 are attacked.
Alloy 693 is normally specified in one of three cases: an existing Alloy 601, 602CA, 690 or Incoloy 800 part is pitting and losing section in a CO/H₂ atmosphere; a new syngas, hydrogen or ammonia unit is designed with metal dusting as a known risk; or a waste-to-energy plant needs material that survives chloridation and sulfidation above 700 °C. Where the service does not involve carburisation, a lower-cost grade will usually do the job.
The alloy was originated by Special Metals Corporation, is sold under the trade name Inconel 693, and is protected by US Patent 4,882,125. We supply and certify it under its UNS designation, N06693.
Alloy 693 is not a precipitation-hardening alloy. It is supplied annealed, and there is no strengthening ageing cycle for this grade. A specification calling for solution treatment plus ageing on N06693 has been written for a different alloy family, such as 718, 725 or X-750.
Last reviewed 13 August 2026 by the technical sales team, Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
N06693 / N06690 / N06601 / N06617
All four are chromium-bearing nickel alloys for high-temperature service. Alloy 693 is selected when carburisation or metal dusting governs, Alloy 690 for oxidising acids, Alloy 601 for general oxidation at lower cost, and Alloy 617 when creep strength is the design driver.
| Property | Alloy 693 | Alloy 690 | Alloy 601 | Alloy 617 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UNS | N06693 | N06690 | N06601 | N06617 |
| Chromium, % | 27–31 | 27–31 | 21–25 | 20–24 |
| Aluminium, % | 2.5–4.0 | — | 1.0–1.7 | 0.8–1.5 |
| Other key addition | Nb 0.5–2.5 | Fe 7–11 | Fe balance | Co 10–15, Mo 8–10 |
| Metal dusting resistance | Highest | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Creep-rupture strength | Above 690 and 601 | Baseline | Baseline | Highest |
| Oxidising acid service | Weaker than 690 | Best of the four | Moderate | Moderate |
| Typical use | Syngas, reformers, burner nozzles, waste-to-energy | Nuclear steam generators, nitric acid | Furnace parts, general oxidation | Gas turbines, creep-limited parts |
On a Larson-Miller basis the creep-rupture strength of Alloy 693 is higher than Alloy 690 and Alloy 601, and lower than Alloy 617. Where creep rather than carburisation is the design driver, Alloy 617 is normally the correct grade.
Weight percent · limiting composition
Alloy 693 contains 27.0–31.0 % Cr, 2.5–4.0 % Al, 2.5–6.0 % Fe and 0.5–2.5 % Nb, with 1.0 % Mn max, 1.0 % Ti max, 0.5 % Cu max, 0.5 % Si max, 0.15 % C max and 0.010 % S max. Nickel is the remainder, determined arithmetically by difference.
| Element | Limiting content, % | Typical heat, % |
|---|---|---|
| Nickel, Ni | Remainder | 60.5 |
| Chromium, Cr | 27.0 – 31.0 | 29.0 |
| Iron, Fe | 2.5 – 6.0 | 4.0 |
| Aluminium, Al | 2.5 – 4.0 | 3.1 |
| Niobium, Nb | 0.5 – 2.5 | 1.2 |
| Manganese, Mn | 1.0 max | — |
| Titanium, Ti | 1.0 max | — |
| Copper, Cu | 0.5 max | — |
| Silicon, Si | 0.5 max | — |
| Carbon, C | 0.15 max | — |
| Sulfur, S | 0.010 max | — |
Every heat is verified by optical emission spectrometry before the billet is cut, with PMI confirmation and heat-number transfer. The result is printed on the EN 10204 certificate against the heat number hard-stamped on the part. Where a client specification is tighter than the standard, we quote to the client specification.
Annealed · room temperature
Nominal room-temperature properties in the annealed condition. Forging properties are section-size dependent and are agreed on the purchase order.
| Product form | Tensile strength | Yield strength, 0.2 % offset | Elongation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot-rolled and annealed plate | 882.6 MPa / 128 ksi | 489.5 MPa / 71 ksi | 45 % |
| Cold-drawn and annealed tubing | 937.7 MPa / 136 ksi | 530.9 MPa / 77 ksi | 42 % |
| Temperature, °C | Modulus, GPa | Temperature, °F | Modulus, 10³ ksi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | 196 | 70 | 28.5 |
| 100 | 194 | 200 | 28.2 |
| 200 | 188 | 400 | 27.3 |
| 300 | 180 | 600 | 26.6 |
| 400 | 172 | 800 | 25.6 |
| 500 | 165 | 1000 | 24.8 |
| 600 | 157 | 1400 | 23.2 |
| 700 | 148 | 1500 | 22.5 |
| 800 | 137 | — | — |
The metric and imperial columns are independent measurement series at different temperatures, not conversions of one another.
| Exposure | Yield strength | Tensile strength | Elongation | Charpy impact |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1000 h at 593 °C | 741 MPa | 1145 MPa | 31 % | 68.6 J / 40.5 ft-lb |
| 1000 h at 649 °C | 827 MPa | 1210 MPa | 28 % | 27.5 J / 16.3 ft-lb |
| 1000 h at 704 °C | 807 MPa | 1176 MPa | 31 % | 26.3 J / 15.5 ft-lb |
| 500 h at 760 °C | 700 MPa | 1103 MPa | 32 % | 39.0 J / 23.0 ft-lb |
Tensile and yield strength are retained after long exposure. Room-temperature impact toughness is not. Charpy energy falls by about 60 % after 1000 hours at 649 °C. Allow for this where impact toughness after service life is part of the design case.
Annealed condition
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.77 g/cm³ | 0.280 lb/in³ |
| Melting range | 1317 – 1367 °C | 2403 – 2493 °F |
| Modulus of elasticity, 21 °C | 196 GPa | 28.5 × 10³ ksi |
| Electrical resistivity | 1.168 µΩ·m | 702.7 Ω·circ mil/ft |
| Specific heat, 23 °C | 455 J/kg·°C | 0.109 Btu/lb·°F |
| Thermal conductivity, 23 °C | 9.1 W/m·°C | 64.3 Btu·in/ft²·h·°F |
| Thermal conductivity, 800 °C | 22.8 W/m·°C | 165.2 Btu·in/ft²·h·°F |
| Mean expansion, 26–100 °C | 13.04 µm/m·°C | 7.22 ×10⁻⁶ in/in·°F |
| Mean expansion, 26–800 °C | 16.32 µm/m·°C | 9.02 ×10⁻⁶ in/in·°F |
The reason this alloy exists
Metal dusting is an aggressive form of carburisation that occurs in strongly carburising, reducing atmospheres such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen mixtures. Carbon enters the metal, forms carbides, and the surface disintegrates into a dust of metal particles, carbides and coke, producing pitting and rapid section loss. Failures can occur after short exposures. Alloy 693 resists the mechanism because its aluminium-rich oxide film blocks carbon ingress.
In CO-20 % H₂ at 621 °C, Alloy 693 records a lower mass-loss rate and shallower pitting than Alloy 690, Alloy 601 and Incoloy 800 over exposures extending to 18,000 hours.
| Environment | Alloy 693 | Alloy 690 |
|---|---|---|
| 10 % sulfuric acid, 60 °C | No attack | 0.495 (19.5) |
| 10 % HCl, room temperature | 0.071 (2.8) | 0.152 (6) |
| 10 % HCl, 45 °C | 1.003 (39.5) | 3.302 (130) |
| 15 % HCl, 45 °C | 3.048 (120) | 9.347 (368) |
| 10 % HNO₃ + 3 % HF, 60 °C | 0.699 (27.5) | 0.279 (11) |
| 65 % boiling nitric acid (Huey) | 0.254 (10) | 0.076 (3) |
In the last two rows Alloy 690 has the lower corrosion rate. Alloy 693 is not an upgrade in oxidising acid service. Grade selection should follow the actual service environment.
Degrees Celsius
Four temperature ranges govern how an Alloy 693 forging is processed and where it can serve: the precipitation band, the oxidation limit in air, the annealing window and the melting range.
Service and high-temperature corrosion
Heat treatment and melting
| Threshold | Value | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Precipitation band | 538 – 760 °C 1000 – 1400 °F |
Second phases precipitate during extended holds, reducing ductility and impact toughness. The alloy is used in service in this range, but fabrication should not dwell in it. |
| Anneal | 1010 – 1066 °C 1850 – 1950 °F |
Hold for a time commensurate with section thickness, then cool rapidly: air cooling or water quenching depending on section size. No ageing cycle follows. |
| Stress relief after welding | 950 – 1050 °C 1742 – 1922 °F |
2–3 hours then air cool, for welded or formed components entering 538–760 °C service. |
| Oxidation ceiling in air | 1200 °C 2192 °F |
Oxidation resistance in air is retained to this temperature. Above it the limit is strength rather than oxidation. |
Components held in the precipitation band for extended periods should be re-annealed before further forming or before entering service. This is the most common processing error with N06693.
Cross-reference
Published product-form specifications for UNS N06693 are ASTM B166 (rod, bar and wire), ASTM B167 (seamless pipe and tube), ASTM B168 and B906 (plate and sheet), ASTM B516 (welded tube), and NACE RP0294 covering all forms.
| System | Designation |
|---|---|
| UNS | N06693 |
| Trade name | Inconel 693 (Special Metals) · Alloy 693 |
| Patent | US 4,882,125 |
| Rod, bar and wire | ASTM B166 / ASME SB-166 |
| Seamless pipe and tube | ASTM B167 / ASME SB-167 |
| Plate, sheet and strip | ASTM B168 · ASTM B906 |
| Welded tube | ASTM B516 |
| All forms | NACE RP0294 |
| Forgings | ASTM B564 practice, see note below |
| Ultrasonic testing | ASTM A388 · EN 10228-3 · SEP 1921 |
| Certification | EN 10204 type 3.1 (works) or 3.2 (third party) |
| Welding consumable | Filler Metal 53MD (near-matching) |
On ASTM B564: N06693 is not listed as a standard grade in every revision of ASTM B564 / ASME SB-564. We therefore forge to B564 practice with chemistry to ASTM B166 and mechanical acceptance agreed on the purchase order, or to your own company specification. State the governing document on the enquiry and we will confirm in writing what we can certify to before the order is placed.
Open-die and ring-rolled
We forge Alloy 693 into seamless rolled rings, discs, shafts, flanges, hollow bars, tube sheets, sleeves, bushings, valve bodies and custom near-net blanks. Everything is made to drawing. There is no standard catalogue and no tooling charge for open-die work.
Radial-axial ring rolled from a pierced and upset billet, giving continuous circumferential grain flow.
OD 200–2,500 mm · wall 20–300 mm · height 20–600 mmUpset-forged discs for tube sheets, baffle plates, blind flanges, closure plates and machined covers.
OD up to 1,600 mm · thickness up to 500 mmDrawn-down open-die shafts, spindles, stems and forged round bar with axial grain flow along the length.
Dia. 80–700 mm · length up to 6,000 mmWeld-neck, slip-on, blind and custom flanges to ASME B16.5, B16.47 or drawing, plus forged nozzle bodies.
½" to 48" · Class 150–2500Trepanned or mandrel-forged hollows for bushings, sleeves, tube ferrules and valve seat rings. Reduces machining and scrap on an expensive alloy.
OD 120–800 mm · ID from 60 mmRectangular and profiled blocks for valve bodies, burner nozzles, manifolds and machined weldments.
Single-piece weight 20 kg – 8 tSizes outside this envelope are often still possible. Forging reduction ratio is normally 4:1 or better; where a client specification states a minimum ratio it is recorded on the certificate. Minimum order is one piece.
Melt to certificate
The production sequence for an Alloy 693 forging, in order.
Where it goes
Alloy 693 forgings are used where carbon attacks metal: syngas and hydrogen plant, cracking and reforming service, and waste-to-energy above 700 °C, together with the pressure equipment around them.
Downstream
Join in the annealed condition. GTAW and GMAW are the usual processes, with argon or argon-helium shielding; preheat is not normally required. The near-matching consumable is Filler Metal 53MD, suitable for similar-metal joints in light to moderate sections. For heavier or highly stressed joints, and for dissimilar-metal joints, Filler Metal 52 or 617 can carry the structural portion, with the process-side surface overlaid with two layers of 53MD or 72.
Weldments for service above 760 °C do not normally need post-weld heat treatment. Welded or formed components going into 538–760 °C service should be stress relieved 2–3 hours at 950–1050 °C and air cooled. If a component is to be pre-oxidised before service, do it after welding so the weld metal develops the same protective film as the parent material.
Forming and machining characteristics resemble Alloy 600 and Alloy 690. The alloy work-hardens, so use a rigid setup, sharp positive-rake carbide tooling, positive feed, no dwelling in the cut and flood coolant. Where the finished part carries a large machining allowance, we can rough-machine before final annealing.
Avoid extended exposure between 538 and 760 °C during forming and intermediate processing. Components held in that range for long periods must be re-annealed before further forming or before entering service. Loss of ductility from this exposure can cause cracking during later forming.
RFQ
Send a drawing or the finished dimensions to sales@steelforgepieces.com for a price within 24 working hours. There is no minimum order value on open-die work; single prototype pieces are quoted as well as production batches.
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Minimum order | One piece, no MOQ on open-die forgings |
| Quotation time | Within 24 working hours of receiving the drawing |
| Lead time | Typically 30–45 days from order confirmation, depending on section size, melt-stock availability and NDT scope |
| Condition supplied | Annealed; as-forged, rough-machined or finish-machined |
| Documentation | EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2, NDT reports, dimensional report, heat-treatment charts |
| Terms and shipping | EXW, FOB, CIF or DDP from Shanghai / Ningbo |
Questions we actually get asked
Alloy 693, designated UNS N06693, is a wrought nickel-chromium-aluminium alloy with a niobium addition. Limiting composition is 27.0–31.0 % chromium, 2.5–4.0 % aluminium, 2.5–6.0 % iron and 0.5–2.5 % niobium with nickel as the balance; a typical heat runs about 60.5 % Ni, 29 % Cr and 3.1 % Al. It is a single-phase, solid-solution alloy supplied in the annealed condition, developed to resist metal dusting and high-temperature corrosion in chemical and petrochemical service.
Alloy 693 shares the high chromium content of Alloy 690, which gives oxidation and sulfidation resistance, but adds about 3.1 % aluminium. The aluminium forms a protective alumina scale that resists carbon ingress, so Alloy 693 offers markedly better resistance to metal dusting and carburisation than Alloy 690, Alloy 601 or Incoloy 800 in reducing CO/H₂ atmospheres. In oxidising acid service such as boiling nitric acid, Alloy 690 has the lower corrosion rate. Grade selection should follow the service environment.
Metal dusting is an aggressive form of carburisation that occurs in strongly carburising, reducing atmospheres such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen mixtures. Carbon enters the metal, forms carbides and causes the surface to disintegrate into a dust of metal particles, carbides and coke, producing pitting and rapid section loss. Failures can occur after short exposures. Alloy 693 resists it because the aluminium-rich oxide film blocks carbon ingress.
Limiting composition in weight percent: chromium 27.0–31.0, iron 2.5–6.0, aluminium 2.5–4.0, niobium 0.5–2.5, manganese 1.0 max, titanium 1.0 max, copper 0.5 max, silicon 0.5 max, carbon 0.15 max, sulfur 0.010 max, with nickel as the remainder determined by difference.
The density of Alloy 693 is 7.77 g/cm³ (0.280 lb/in³) and the melting range is 1317–1367 °C (2403–2493 °F). Electrical resistivity is 1.168 µΩ·m and the modulus of elasticity at room temperature is 196 GPa (28.5 × 10³ ksi).
Alloy 693 is a single-phase solid-solution alloy, so it is annealed, not solution treated and aged. Anneal at 1010–1066 °C (1850–1950 °F), hold for a time appropriate to section thickness, then cool rapidly in air or water quench depending on section size. A precipitation ageing cycle for N06693 belongs to a different alloy family, such as Alloy 718.
Alloy 693 can precipitate second phases when held between 538 and 760 °C (1000–1400 °F), which lowers room-temperature ductility and impact toughness. The alloy is still used in service in that range, but extended dwell during forming, welding or intermediate processing must be avoided, and components that have been exposed should be re-annealed before further forming or before entering service.
Published product-form specifications for UNS N06693 are ASTM B166 for rod, bar and wire; ASTM B167 for seamless pipe and tube; ASTM B168 and ASTM B906 for plate and sheet; ASTM B516 for welded tube; and NACE RP0294 covering all forms. Open-die forgings are normally ordered to ASTM B564 / ASME SB-564 practice with chemistry to ASTM B166 and mechanical properties agreed on the purchase order, because N06693 is not listed as a standard grade in every revision of B564.
Yes. Alloy 693 welds well by GTAW and GMAW using argon or argon-helium shielding, with no preheat normally required, and is best joined in the annealed condition. The near-matching consumable is Filler Metal 53MD for light to moderate sections. Heavier or highly stressed joints may use Filler Metal 52 or 617 for the structural pass, overlaid on the process side with two layers of 53MD or 72. Components for intermediate service temperatures should be stress relieved 2–3 hours at 950–1050 °C and air cooled.
They refer to the same UNS N06693 chemistry. INCONEL is a registered trademark of the Special Metals Corporation group of companies, which originated the alloy and holds US Patent 4,882,125. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an independent forging manufacturer and is not affiliated with, endorsed by or a licensee of Special Metals; material is supplied and certified as UNS N06693 / Alloy 693.
Standard scope covers chemical analysis by optical emission spectrometry with PMI verification, room-temperature tensile testing to ASTM E8 or ASTM A370, hardness, dimensional inspection and ultrasonic testing to ASTM A388, EN 10228-3 or SEP 1921 with the acceptance class stated on the order. Grain size to ASTM E112, liquid penetrant to ASTM E165 and impact testing to ASTM E23 are available on request. Certificates are issued to EN 10204 type 3.1, or type 3.2 countersigned by TÜV, BV, LRS, DNV or SGS.
Main applications are syngas production for ammonia, methanol and hydrogen, where components such as reformer tubes, thermowells, thermocouple sheaths, tube ferrules, baffle plates and valve parts suffer metal dusting; waste-to-energy and biomass incinerators above 700 °C; superheater wall protection in low-NOx plants; burner nozzles upgraded from Alloy 601 or 602CA; catalyst manufacturing with high sulfur levels; and high-temperature fuel cell reformers.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal produces Alloy 693 seamless rolled rings from 200 to 2,500 mm outside diameter, discs to 1,600 mm diameter, shafts to 700 mm diameter and 6,000 mm long, and single pieces from about 20 kg up to 8 tonnes. Everything is forged to drawing; there is no standard catalogue and no tooling charge for open-die work. Minimum order is one piece.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory at No. 1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China, producing Alloy 693 forgings and exporting worldwide. Email sales@steelforgepieces.com or call +86 189-2135-9659 with a drawing for a quotation within one working day.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. (2026). Alloy 693 Forgings (UNS N06693): Composition, Properties, Standards and Manufacturing. Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China. Retrieved from https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Nickel-Alloy/ALLOY-693.html
Composition, physical constants, tensile and modulus data, thermal-stability data, aqueous corrosion rates, heat treatment and welding guidance follow the alloy originator's published technical bulletin (Special Metals, SMC-043) and the governing ASTM specifications. Data is published for engineering selection; the mill certificate supplied with your forging is the controlling document.
The factory behind the data
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China, producing forged rings, rolled rings, discs, shafts, flanges and blocks in carbon steel, alloy steel, tool steel, stainless steel and nickel alloys including Alloy 693, Inconel, Incoloy, Hastelloy, Monel and Nimonic grades.
We forge to drawing rather than to catalogue: no tooling charge and no minimum order quantity, whether the order is a single prototype ring for a reformer trial or a repeat production batch. The works is in the Yangtze River Delta forging cluster, about two hours from Shanghai port.
The technical content on this page reflects our own production practice for UNS N06693 (melt stock, forging window, annealing cycle and inspection scope) together with the alloy originator's published data and the requirements of the governing ASTM specifications. Data points not listed here are available on request.
Quotation within 24 working hours
Tell us the grade, the dimensions, the quantity and the certificate you need. A sketch and the service atmosphere are enough to start; we will advise on the forging and on whether Alloy 693 is the right grade.