What 2.4889 is
2.4889 is the German Werkstoff number for a wrought, high-chromium austenitic nickel-chromium-iron alloy. Nickel makes up at least 45 % of the alloy, chromium 26–29 % and iron 21–25 %. What separates it from ordinary heat-resisting grades is the deliberate addition of 2.5–3.0 % silicon together with 0.03–0.08 % cerium.
Silicon and cerium are there to hold the oxide scale in place. Under heat they help form a scale that resists spalling when the plant thermally cycles, and an intact scale keeps sulfur, chlorine and carbon away from fresh metal underneath. The alloy therefore performs in oxidizing conditions, in reducing conditions, and in atmospheres that alternate between the two. That alternation is the normal condition inside a municipal waste incinerator.
The same chemistry carries a penalty. 2.4889 work hardens rapidly, so it is difficult to shape and machine with conventional techniques and tooling. Plan the machining route early, and where possible order the part already rough machined from the forge.
Service temperature envelope
Three temperature ranges govern how 2.4889 is bought and used: where it can serve, where it is annealed, and where it is forged. They are plotted below on a single scale.
- Service, incineration atmospheres: to 850 °C / 1560 °F
- Scaling & oxidation resistance: to 1000 °C / 1832 °F
- Solution anneal: 1050–1150 °C / 1922–2102 °F
- Forging heat: 1150–1230 °C / 2102–2246 °F
2.4889 retains good creep properties and strong resistance in sulfur-, carbon- and nitrogen-bearing environments across this range, including under alternating oxidizing and reducing conditions. Design incineration hardware against the 850 °C figure. The 1000 °C figure describes scaling resistance, not a load-bearing limit.
Chemical composition
Composition limits for 2.4889 / UNS N06045, in mass percent. Nickel is the balance and is reported to a 45.0 % minimum.
| Element | Symbol | Limits, % | Role in the alloy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon | C | 0.05–0.12 | Creep strength at temperature |
| Silicon | Si | 2.50–3.00 | Builds the protective scale — the defining addition |
| Manganese | Mn | 1.00 max | Deoxidation, sulfur control |
| Phosphorus | P | 0.020 max | Residual, kept low |
| Sulfur | S | 0.010 max | Residual, kept low |
| Chromium | Cr | 26.0–29.0 | Oxidation and sulfidation resistance |
| Nickel | Ni | 45.0 min | Austenitic matrix, carburization resistance |
| Iron | Fe | 21.0–25.0 | Balance of the matrix, cost control |
| Copper | Cu | 0.30 max | Residual |
| Aluminium | Al | 0.20 max | Residual, deoxidation |
| Cerium | Ce | 0.03–0.08 | Rare earth — keeps the scale adherent through thermal cycling |
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal melts 2.4889 by EAF + VOD, with ESR remelting available where the specification calls for tighter cleanliness or a finer, more uniform structure in heavy sections. The actual heat analysis is reported on the mill certificate that ships with every order.
Mechanical and physical properties
Room-temperature minima in the solution-annealed condition. Elevated-temperature and creep data for a specific section size are available on request.
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength, Rm | 620 MPa min | 90 ksi min |
| Yield strength, Rp0.2 | 240 MPa min | 35 ksi min |
| Elongation, A5 | 35 % min | 35 % min |
| Modulus of elasticity, E | 193 GPa | 28.0 × 106 psi |
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 8.0 g/cm³ | 0.289 lb/in³ |
| Specific heat capacity | 500 J/(kg·K) | 0.119 Btu/(lb·°F) |
| Thermal conductivity | 13 W/(m·K) | 7.5 Btu/(h·ft·°F) |
| Electrical resistivity | 1.18 Ω·mm²/m | 1.18 µΩ·m |
| Structure | Austenitic, face-centred cubic — non-magnetic in the annealed condition | |
| Matching welding filler | 2.4621 — confirm the procedure with your fabricator and governing code | |
Forged forms and size range
Open-die forging and ring rolling let us make one piece or a hundred without tooling cost, at sizes no closed-die shop will quote. These are the shapes we run most often in 2.4889.
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Seamless rolled rings
Circumferential grain flow. No weld seam.
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Forged flanges
WN, SO, blind and special bores.
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Discs and disks
Solid or centre-bored blanks.
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Shafts and spindles
Stepped, eccentric and crank forms.
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Sleeves
Bored and trepanned, long lengths.
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Bushings
Heavy wall, short face.
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Tube sheets
Solid blanks, drilled to your layout.
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Round bars
Forged and peeled or black.
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Hollow bars & tubes
Trepanned cores, pipe sections.
Size envelope
Indicative capability for 2.4889 and comparable nickel alloys. Sizes outside these figures are still worth an enquiry, since we quote from drawings rather than from a catalogue.
| Form | Outside diameter | Length / thickness | Piece weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings | 200–3,000 mm | height to 800 mm, wall 20–400 mm | 30–8,000 kg |
| Discs, tube sheets | to 2,500 mm | 30–600 mm thick | 30–10,000 kg |
| Shafts, spindles | 80–900 mm | to 8,000 mm long | 50–15,000 kg |
| Round bars, sleeves, bushings | 60–800 mm | to 6,000 mm long | 20–8,000 kg |
Supply condition is normally solution annealed and rough machined to an agreed machining allowance. Black forged, proof machined, finish machined and ready-to-install parts are also available. State which you need at enquiry stage, since the condition affects both the price and the ultrasonic inspection that can be performed.
Where 2.4889 is used
2.4889 is specified where the atmosphere, not the load, is the limiting factor. The typical customer is building or maintaining something that runs hot in a chemically hostile gas.
Waste-to-energy and environmental plant
Thermal treatment of municipal and specialised waste: superheater and evaporator hardware in incineration and fluidised-bed combustion, pyrolysis rotary kiln components, and equipment for the hydrogenating treatment of plastic waste. This is the application the grade was developed for and where its incineration-atmosphere performance is proven.
Energy and gasification
Coal gasification heat exchanger and pipework components, burner parts, and hardware exposed to metal-dusting atmospheres: forged shafts, pipe and tube sections, forged tube sheets and flanges.
Chemical process furnaces
Process furnaces running under strongly sulfidizing or carburizing conditions, burners for sulfur-bearing fuels, and heat exchangers in sulfidizing or carburizing media. Forged shafts, flanges, rings and pipe sections.
Industrial and heat-treatment furnace construction
Salt bath furnace tanks, internals, baskets and supports; gas carburizing furnace shells and linings; conveyor and burner components in furnaces with aggressive gaseous reaction products. See also our general open-die forging pieces.
Refinery, offshore and rotating equipment
Refinery furnace hardware, oil-ash corrosion service, subsea and deepwater production components, and, where the grade's high-temperature behaviour is what matters, forged valve stems, seat rings, bodies and blocks for ball, check, globe, gate and plug valves; plus rings, spindles, forged round bars and gear blanks for power transmission, compressors and gearboxes.
Forging route, testing and certification
What actually happens to your 2.4889 order between the billet arriving and the crate leaving.
- Melting. EAF + VOD as standard; ESR remelt where cleanliness or heavy-section uniformity demands it.
- Forging. Upsetting and drawing on the open-die press, or ring rolling for annular parts, worked to a defined forging ratio so the grain flows with the shape rather than across it.
- Heat treatment. Solution anneal followed by rapid cooling, to the condition named in your specification.
- Machining. Rough or proof machining to your allowance, which also opens up a clean surface for ultrasonic inspection.
- Non-destructive testing. Ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388, to the acceptance class you specify. PT, MT, hardness survey and dimensional report on request.
- Certification. EN 10204 3.1 as standard. EN 10204 3.2 countersigned by a third party (TÜV, SGS, BV, DNV, Lloyd's Register or your own inspector) on request.
- Traceability. Heat number hard-stamped and cross-referenced to the certificate, plus a PMI check where the order calls for it.
Witness points, hold points and a customer inspection release can all be accommodated. State these at enquiry stage rather than once the forging is on the press, since the inspection plan affects the schedule.
Designations, standards and near equivalents
The same material appears under six or seven names depending on which country wrote the drawing. All of the following refer to one chemistry.
| System | Designation |
|---|---|
| Werkstoff number (DIN / EN) | 2.4889 |
| EN chemical symbol | NiCr28FeSiCe |
| UNS (USA) | N06045 |
| Common trade name | Alloy 45 TM |
| Registered producer name | Nicrofer 45 TM |
| Short form on drawings | Alloy 45 |
| Standard | Covers |
|---|---|
| DIN EN 10095 | Heat-resisting steels and nickel alloys |
| VdTÜV Werkstoffblatt 519 | German pressure-equipment material approval |
| DIN 17742 – 17754 | Wrought nickel alloy semi-finished products |
| ASTM B166 | Ni-Cr-Fe alloy rod, bar and wire, including N06045 |
| ASTM B564 | Nickel alloy forgings — the usual reference for forged parts |
| EN 10204 | Inspection documents: 3.1 and 3.2 certificates |
| EN 10228-3 / SEP 1921 / ASTM A388 | Ultrasonic testing of forgings |
When 2.4889 is not the right grade
If the driver is creep strength at temperature rather than gas corrosion, look at Incoloy 800H or Haynes 230. For general high-temperature oxidation with easier fabrication, Inconel 601 or Inconel 600 are usually the cheaper answer. For wet, aggressive acid service rather than hot gas, Hastelloy C-276 is the more common choice. We forge all of these grades, so the recommendation carries no commercial preference.
Questions buyers ask
What is alloy 2.4889?
2.4889 is the German Werkstoff number for a high-chromium austenitic nickel-chromium-iron alloy, designated NiCr28FeSiCe in EN and N06045 in UNS, and sold commercially as Alloy 45 TM or Nicrofer 45 TM. It contains 26–29 % chromium, at least 45 % nickel, 2.5–3.0 % silicon and a small cerium addition. That combination builds a tenacious protective scale, so the grade is used for hardware exposed to oxidizing, carburizing and sulfidizing gases at high temperature.
What are the other names and equivalents for 2.4889?
W.-Nr. 2.4889, NiCr28FeSiCe, UNS N06045, Alloy 45, Alloy 45 TM and Nicrofer 45 TM are all the same material. Order forgings under any of those names and you are ordering the same chemistry.
Is 2.4889 the same as 1.4889?
No. 2.4889 is the wrought nickel alloy described on this page and it can be open-die forged. 1.4889 is GX40NiCrNb45-35, a heat-resistant casting grade that is poured rather than forged. The two numbers differ only in the leading digit, so check the drawing before you order.
What is the maximum service temperature of 2.4889?
2.4889 shows excellent scaling and oxidation resistance to about 1000 °C (1832 °F). In waste-incineration atmospheres the useful service temperature is normally taken as up to about 850 °C (1560 °F).
The practical limit for a given component depends on gas chemistry, stress and required life, so it belongs to the plant designer rather than to a datasheet figure.
What is the chemical composition of 2.4889?
C 0.05–0.12 %, Si 2.50–3.00 %, Mn 1.00 % max, P 0.020 % max, S 0.010 % max, Cr 26.0–29.0 %, Ni 45.0 % min, Fe 21.0–25.0 %, Cu 0.30 % max, Al 0.20 % max, Ce 0.03–0.08 %. Full detail with the role of each element is in Table 1.
Can 2.4889 be made as a seamless rolled ring?
Yes. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. produces 2.4889 as seamless rolled rings alongside flanges, discs, shafts, sleeves, bushings, tube sheets and round bars. Ring rolling gives circumferential grain flow, which is why rolled rings are preferred over rings cut from plate for pressure-retaining and rotating parts.
Why is 2.4889 difficult to machine?
It work hardens rapidly. A light or interrupted cut hardens the surface ahead of the tool, and the next pass rubs instead of cutting, hardening it further.
The usual remedy is rigid clamping, a positive depth of cut that stays below the hardened layer, low surface speed with high feed, sharp carbide tooling and flood coolant. Ordering the part rough machined from the forge moves most of this work off your own machines.
Which standards and certificates apply to 2.4889 forgings?
The grade appears in DIN EN 10095, VdTÜV material sheet 519 and the DIN 17742–17754 series, and as UNS N06045 in ASTM B166 and related specifications; ASTM B564 is the usual reference for nickel alloy forgings.
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. supplies 2.4889 forgings with an EN 10204 3.1 certificate as standard, or EN 10204 3.2 countersigned by TÜV, SGS, BV, DNV, Lloyd's Register or your own inspector on request.
Which filler metal is used to weld 2.4889?
The matching filler normally specified for 2.4889 is 2.4621. Confirm the filler, the procedure and any post-weld heat treatment with your fabricator and governing code before production welding.
How do I get a price for a 2.4889 forging?
Email a drawing or the outline dimensions to sales@steelforgepieces.com, or call +86 189 2135 9659. For a ring, OD × ID × height is enough to start.
You get back the price, the forged weight including machining allowance, and a delivery date. Tell us the standard, the heat-treatment condition and the certificate type you need, and the quotation covers those too.
Cite this datasheet
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. forges 2.4889 components and maintains this datasheet. To reference the data in a specification or report, cite it as:
Source of record
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. (2026). "2.4889 (Alloy 45 TM / UNS N06045) open-die forgings: datasheet, forged forms and ordering data." Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China. https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Nickel-Alloy/2.4889.html — reviewed 10 August 2026. Contact: sales@steelforgepieces.com, +86 189 2135 9659.