1.4922 (X20CrMoV11-1) forgings
Forged bars, hollow bars, seamless rolled rings, discs, shafts, turbine components and valve parts in EN 1.4922. Produced to drawing at our open-die forging plant in Jiangyin, China.
- Steel family
- Martensitic creep-resisting11-12% Cr, Mo, V
- Standard
- EN 10302listed in EN 10088-1
- Former DIN name
- X20CrMoV12-1same steel
- Service limit
- 600 °Ccontinuous service
- Delivery condition
- +NT or +QTnormalised or quenched, then tempered
- Certificate
- EN 10204 3.13.2 with third-party witness
1.4922 material description
1.4922 is the European material number for X20CrMoV11-1, a martensitic creep-resisting steel containing 10.0-12.5% chromium, 0.80-1.20% molybdenum and 0.25-0.35% vanadium. The grade is specified in EN 10302 and listed in EN 10088-1. It retains useful strength in continuous service up to approximately 550-600 °C and is applied to steam turbine, boiler and high-temperature valve forgings.
Chromium provides oxidation resistance and hardenability. Molybdenum increases creep strength. Vanadium forms fine carbides that resist softening during long exposure at temperature. The steel is air-hardening, so forgings require controlled cooling and must be heat treated after forging.
1.4922 is also ordered under the former DIN designation X20CrMoV12-1. Both designations refer to the same steel. 1.4923 (X22CrMoV12-1) is a separate grade with higher carbon content and different property classes.
- EN material number
- 1.4922
- EN chemical designation
- X20CrMoV11-1
- Former DIN designation
- X20CrMoV12-1
- Steel group
- Creep-resisting martensitic Cr steel
- Governing standards
- EN 10302, EN 10088-1, EN 10216-2
- Structure after heat treatment
- Tempered martensite
- Magnetic
- Yes, ferromagnetic
- Product forms
- Bars, rings, discs, shafts, valve parts
Chemical composition of 1.4922
Composition limits are those given in EN 10302 for X20CrMoV11-1, in mass percent, with iron as the balance.
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.17-0.23 | max 0.50 | max 1.00 | max 0.025 | max 0.015 | 10.0-12.5 | 0.80-1.20 | 0.30-0.80 | 0.25-0.35 |
EN 10088-1:2005 states different limits for the same steel: Si max 0.40, Mn min 0.30 and V min 0.20. The governing standard should be stated on the order.
Mechanical properties of 1.4922
Room-temperature minimum requirements for the two normal delivery conditions: normalised and tempered (+NT) and quenched and tempered (+QT). For heavy forged sections, test coupons representing the section are agreed at order stage.
| Property | +NT | +QT |
|---|---|---|
| Rm - tensile strength, MPa | 690-840 | 700-850 |
| ReH - minimum yield strength, MPa | 490 | - |
| Rp0.2 - minimum 0.2% proof strength, MPa | - | 500 |
| A - minimum elongation at fracture, longitudinal, % | 17 | 15-16 |
| A - minimum elongation at fracture, transverse, % | 14 | - |
| KV - minimum impact energy at +20 °C, longitudinal, J | 40 | 27-39 |
| KV - minimum impact energy at +20 °C, transverse, J | - | 27 |
Ranges reflect the property classes and section thicknesses given in the standard. Above approximately 550 °C, design is governed by creep rupture strength rather than by room-temperature properties. Creep data is available on request for pressure-retaining components.
Physical properties of 1.4922
Indicative room-temperature values for the tempered martensitic condition. These figures are intended for weight calculation, thermal modelling and machining planning. They are not design allowables.
| Property | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.7 g/cm³ |
| Modulus of elasticity at 20 °C | 216 GPa |
| Modulus of elasticity at 400 °C | 180 GPa |
| Mean coefficient of thermal expansion, 20-400 °C | 11.9 × 10⁻⁶ /K |
| Thermal conductivity at 20 °C | 25 W/(m·K) |
| Specific heat capacity | 460 J/(kg·K) |
| Electrical resistivity | 0.55 Ω·mm²/m |
| Magnetic response | Ferromagnetic |
The thermal expansion coefficient of 1.4922 is lower than that of austenitic stainless steels. This is relevant where a 1.4922 forging is bolted or welded to an austenitic component subject to thermal cycling.
Heat treatment and forging practice
1.4922 hardens in still air. Every stage following forging requires temperature control. A section cooled freely from forging temperature will transform to untempered martensite and may crack before heat treatment.
| Operation | Temperature | Cooling |
|---|---|---|
| Forging | Heat 1100-1180 °C, finish above 900 °C | Transfer directly to furnace; do not cool in air |
| Post-forge anneal | 800-840 °C | Furnace cool, to reduce hardness for rough machining |
| Normalising (+N) | 1020-1070 °C | Air |
| Hardening (+Q) | 1020-1070 °C | Oil, polymer or air according to section |
| Tempering (+NT) | 700-780 °C | Air or furnace |
| Tempering (+QT) | 730-780 °C | Air or furnace |
| Stress relief after rough machining | 30 °C below the tempering temperature | Furnace |
Post-weld heat treatment must remain below the tempering temperature. If a weld repair or fabrication weld is heat treated above the temperature at which the forging was tempered, the forging is effectively re-tempered and the certified properties no longer apply. The tempering temperature should be agreed with the fabricator before the forging is released.
1.4922 product forms and sizes
All items are produced to drawing on open-die presses and a ring rolling mill. No die cost applies, so single pieces and production batches are both feasible.
| Product form | Size range | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| Forged round bar | Dia. 80-1200 mm, length up to 8000 mm | Rotor shafts, stems, spindles, bolt stock |
| Forged square, rectangular, flat and hex bar | Thickness 80-800 mm | Blade roots, machined blocks, keys |
| Forged hollow bar, sleeve, bush, cylinder | OD 200-2500 mm, ID from 100 mm | Casings, shells, housings, hubs, liners |
| Seamless rolled ring | OD 200-4000 mm, height up to 1000 mm | Gland seal rings, guide rings, flange rings |
| Forged disc, block and plate | Dia. up to 3000 mm, thickness up to 800 mm | Turbine discs, wheels, valve discs, blanks |
| Forged shaft, stepped shaft | Length up to 10 000 mm | Turbine and compressor rotor shafts |
| Valve forgings | Bodies, bonnets, stems, seats, discs | Gate, check and control valves for HP steam |
| Piece weight | 20 kg to 30 000 kg | - |
Delivery states available
- As forged with allowance, for customers performing their own machining and heat treatment.
- Annealed, rough machined, with hardness reduced for stock removal.
- +NT or +QT, rough machined, heat treated to the certified properties with allowance for finish machining.
- Finish machined to drawing, including boring, turning, drilling and threading.
Manufacturing route and inspection
The following route applies to a typical 1.4922 order. Two stages are critical for this grade. The forging ratio closes the as-cast structure, and the controlled cooling after forging prevents cracking in an air-hardening steel.
Manufacturing route
- Steelmaking. Electric arc furnace, ladle refining and vacuum degassing. Electroslag remelted (ESR) stock where the drawing or the code requires it.
- Ingot inspection. Heat analysis verified against the purchase order before release to the forge.
- Open-die forging. Upsetting and drawing on a hydraulic press, normally to a total forging ratio of at least 3:1, finishing above 900 °C.
- Controlled cooling and post-forge anneal. Direct transfer from the press to a furnace, followed by annealing to reduce hardness for machining.
- Rough machining. Allowance retained for the final heat treatment and for the test coupons.
- Quality heat treatment. +NT or +QT in a calibrated furnace with a recorded charge chart.
- Testing. Tensile, impact and hardness testing on coupons representing the section, plus non-destructive examination.
- Finish machining, marking and packing. Heat number and item number stamped or vibro-etched on each piece.
Inspection and documents
| Test | Reference |
|---|---|
| Chemical analysis, heat and product | EN 10302 limits, spectrometer report |
| Tensile and impact testing | ISO 6892-1, ISO 148-1 |
| Hardness survey | ISO 6506 / ISO 6508 |
| Ultrasonic examination | EN 10228-3 or SEP 1921, class agreed on order |
| Magnetic particle examination | EN 10228-1 |
| Dye penetrant examination | ISO 3452-1 |
| Grain size and microstructure | ASTM E112, photomicrographs on request |
| Dimensional report | Against the customer drawing |
| Inspection document | EN 10204 3.1 standard; 3.2 with TÜV, BV, LR, DNV or SGS witness |
Applications of 1.4922 forgings
1.4922 is specified for components operating at elevated temperature under sustained load, where resistance to relaxation, distortion and creep rupture is required over long service life.
Steam turbines and compressors
Rotor shafts, wheels and discs, blades and impellers, diaphragms, gland seal rings, guide rings, and bolts and studs for hot flange joints.
Boilers and power piping
Headers, superheater and reheater components, fittings, flanges and pipe forgings for high-pressure steam circuits operating near 550 °C.
High-temperature valves
Bodies and bonnets for gate, check and control valves, together with stems, spindles, seats and discs exposed to full steam temperature.
Petrochemical and process plant
Casings, shells, cylinders, hubs and housings for equipment where oxidation resistance at temperature is the governing requirement.
Equivalent and comparable grades
The table lists grades cross-referenced with 1.4922 in national standards and supplier literature. Composition ranges and property classes differ between them. These references are provided for enquiry purposes. Substitution requires approval by the design authority.
| Region or standard | Designation | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| EN (current) | X20CrMoV11-1, W.Nr. 1.4922 | The grade itself |
| DIN (former) | X20CrMoV12-1 | Same steel, former designation |
| EN, related | 1.4923 (X22CrMoV12-1) | Higher carbon, not identical |
| EN, related | 1.4935 (X20CrMoWV12-1) | Tungsten-bearing variant |
| USA | AISI 422 / UNS S42200 | Nearest AISI grade, contains 1% W, comparison only |
| Czech (ČSN) | 42 2916 | Cross-referenced equivalent |
| Russia (GOST) | 20Kh12MNF-Sh, 20Kh11MNF | Cross-referenced equivalent |
| UK (BS) | BS 762 | Historic cross-reference |
No exact ASME grade exists for 1.4922. The steel is not listed in ASME Section II. Equipment built to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code requires either a code-listed grade or documented engineering approval for the EN material. Material documentation to support the approval process is available on request. The approval itself remains the responsibility of the design authority.
Welding and machining
Welding
1.4922 is weldable under a controlled procedure. The steel hardens in air, and the heat-affected zone transforms to hard, hydrogen-sensitive martensite unless the full thermal cycle is controlled.
- Preheat and hold interpass temperature at 300-400 °C. The joint must not fall below this range during welding.
- Use a matching 11-12% Cr consumable or a suitable 9% Cr filler, stored dry and baked per the manufacturer's instructions.
- After welding, cool under control to 100-150 °C to allow the weld metal to transform, then proceed directly to post-weld heat treatment.
- Post-weld heat treat at 730-760 °C, below the tempering temperature of the forging.
- Qualify the procedure to EN ISO 15614-1 or the applicable construction code.
Machining
Machine in the annealed condition where the geometry permits, and finish after heat treatment. In the +QT condition the material machines as a hardened 12% Cr steel. Rigid setups, sharp carbide tooling, moderate surface speeds, high coolant volume and positive feed rates are required to cut below the work-hardened layer.
Frequently asked questions
What is 1.4922 steel?
1.4922 is the European material number for X20CrMoV11-1, a martensitic creep-resisting steel containing 10 to 12.5% chromium, 0.8 to 1.2% molybdenum and 0.25 to 0.35% vanadium. The grade is specified in EN 10302 and listed in EN 10088-1. It is applied to components that must retain strength at elevated temperature, principally in steam turbines, boilers and high-temperature valves.
Is 1.4922 the same as X20CrMoV12-1?
Yes. X20CrMoV11-1 is the current EN chemical designation for material number 1.4922. X20CrMoV12-1 is the former DIN designation for the same steel and remains in use on drawings and purchase orders. 1.4923 (X22CrMoV12-1) is a separate grade with higher carbon content and different property classes.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4922?
1.4922 is applied in continuous service up to approximately 550-600 °C. The permitted temperature depends on the design code, the stress level and the required design life. Above approximately 550 °C, creep rupture strength governs the design rather than yield strength.
What is the ASTM or ASME equivalent of 1.4922?
No exact ASTM or ASME grade exists for 1.4922, and the steel is not listed in ASME Section II. AISI 422 (UNS S42200) is the closest American martensitic Cr-Mo-V grade, but it also contains approximately 1% tungsten and is therefore a comparison rather than a substitute. Equipment governed by ASME requires either a code-listed grade or documented engineering approval for the EN material.
Is 1.4922 a stainless steel?
1.4922 is classified as a stainless steel by composition, as it exceeds 10.5% chromium and is listed in EN 10088-1. In practice it is specified and used as a creep-resisting steel. Corrosion resistance is limited compared with 304 or 316, and the material will rust in wet service. The grade is selected for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance.
Can 1.4922 forgings be welded?
Yes, under a controlled procedure. The steel is air-hardening and requires preheat and interpass temperature of 300-400 °C, a matching or 9-12% Cr filler, uninterrupted preheat, controlled cooling to 100-150 °C, and post-weld heat treatment at 730-760 °C. Post-weld heat treatment must remain below the tempering temperature used for the forging.
In what condition and with what certificate are 1.4922 forgings supplied?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal supplies 1.4922 forgings normalised and tempered (+NT) or quenched and tempered (+QT), rough machined or with forging allowance. An EN 10204 3.1 mill certificate is issued as standard. An EN 10204 3.2 certificate witnessed by a third party such as TÜV, BV, LR, DNV or SGS is available on request, together with ultrasonic, magnetic particle and dye penetrant test reports.
How do I request a quotation for a 1.4922 forging?
Send the drawing or the rough dimensions, the quantity, the required delivery condition and the testing scope to sales@steelforgepieces.com, or call +86 189 2135 9659. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is located at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. Quotations are returned within one working day.
Supplier information
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. Production covers carbon steel, alloy steel, tool steel, stainless steel and nickel alloys, made to customer drawing. 1.4922 is supplied alongside related creep-resisting grades including 1.4923, 1.4935 and 1.4913.
The factory is located in the Yangtze River Delta, approximately two hours from Shanghai. Shipment is arranged through Shanghai or Ningbo port. Quotations state finished weight, price, lead time and the recommended testing scope for the application.
Request a quotation on 1.4922 forgings
Include the drawing or rough dimensions, quantity, delivery condition (+NT or +QT), testing and certificate requirements, and destination port.
Email the RFQ Call +86 189 2135 9659
- CompanyJiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
- FactoryNo.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Phone+86 189 2135 9659
- Emailsales@steelforgepieces.com
- LanguagesEnglish, Chinese
- ServesWorldwide