NiCr22Mo9Nb Forgings (W.Nr. 2.4856, UNS N06625)

Short answer: what is NiCr22Mo9Nb?

Werkstoff

2.4856

UNS

N06625

Tensile min

827MPa · 120 ksi · Gr 1

Yield min

414MPa · 60 ksi · Gr 1

Elongation

30% minimum

Density

8.44g/cm³

PREN

≈51Cr + 3.3 Mo

Melting range

1290–1350°C

Max ring OD

2,500mm

Max piece

8,000kg

What NiCr22Mo9Nb forged products can you buy?

Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal produces 2.4856 by four routes, chosen by geometry and order size. Open-die forging covers long shafts, blocks and heavy discs. Seamless ring rolling produces rings from 200 mm to 2,500 mm outside diameter, and is the most common route for wellhead, valve and heat-exchanger hardware. Upset forging handles short, large-section hubs, flanges and tube sheets. Trepanning produces hollow bar and sleeve blanks with the bore removed as a solid core rather than as chips, which matters here: nickel-alloy raw material costs roughly fifteen times as much per kilogram as carbon steel, so every kilogram of avoided swarf is real money.

• Seamless rolled rings
• Forged flanges
• Forged shafts & spindles
• Forged discs & blanks
• Forged sleeves & bushings
• Tube sheets
• Round, flat & square bar
• Trepanned hollow bar
• Valve bodies, stems & seat rings
• Forged pipe & tube blanks
• Nozzles & forged blocks
• Custom near-net forgings to drawing

What is NiCr22Mo9Nb / UNS N06625, and why is it specified?

NiCr22Mo9Nb is a single-phase austenitic nickel alloy that gets its strength from what is dissolved in it, not from a heat treatment. Nickel forms the matrix, chromium builds the passive film, and molybdenum and niobium, both large atoms in a nickel lattice, distort that lattice enough to raise the yield strength of an otherwise soft solid solution to more than 400 MPa. The alloy was developed in the 1960s as a steam-line piping material that would not need post-weld heat treatment; the corrosion behaviour turned out to be so good that it became a marine and chemical alloy instead.

Four properties define it in service:

• Strength without ageing. Minimum 827 MPa tensile and 414 MPa yield in the annealed condition, roughly double an austenitic stainless such as 316L, achieved with no precipitation step. Weld it, and the joint does not need re-solution treatment to recover properties.
• Both oxidising and reducing corrosion resistance. Chromium handles oxidising media, molybdenum handles reducing media. Most alloys are good at one; 2.4856 is competent at both, so it survives process streams that swing between the two.
• Effective immunity to chloride stress-corrosion cracking. At 58 % minimum nickel the alloy sits far above the roughly 45 % nickel threshold at which chloride SCC stops being a practical failure mode. This is the single reason it replaces stainless steel in warm seawater and hot chloride process duty.
• A very wide temperature envelope. Useful from cryogenic temperatures, where it stays ductile and non-magnetic down to −196 °C, up to about 980 °C for oxidation resistance, with fatigue strength that holds up unusually well in between.

What are the equivalents of NiCr22Mo9Nb? (2.4856, N06625, Alloy 625)

Buyers meet this alloy under at least a dozen names. All of the designations below describe the same 62Ni-22Cr-9Mo-3.6Nb chemistry, and Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal accepts purchase orders under any of them. They are not, however, interchangeable as specifications: the product form, the grade and the acceptance testing differ between standards even where the chemistry band is identical.

What is the chemical composition of NiCr22Mo9Nb (2.4856 / N06625)?

The composition below is the requirement common to DIN 17744, VdTÜV 499, ASTM B446 and ASTM B564, and it is what we buy raw material against unless a drawing calls for a tighter band. Nickel is the balance and is specified as a minimum, not a range. A heat at 58 % Ni and a heat at 63 % Ni both conform, and they do not behave identically in fabrication, so heavy or critical orders should state a target nickel level.

What are the mechanical properties of NiCr22Mo9Nb forgings?

Everything on a NiCr22Mo9Nb certificate turns on one decision: which grade the material was annealed to. There is no H-number, no ageing step and no hardness class. Grade 1 and Grade 2 differ only in annealing temperature, and that single difference moves the minimum tensile strength by 137 MPa.

Typical production values

Minima are what a certificate must beat. Actual forging results sit well above them, and the gap is large enough that a designer who works only from the specification minimum leaves real capability on the table, while a designer who works from typical values and gets a heat at the bottom of the band has a problem. Design to the minimum; expect the typical.

Grade 1 or Grade 2: which do you order?

The two grades are not different alloys and not different chemistries. They are the same heat given a different annealing temperature, and the temperature decides the grain size. Grade 1 at 871–1038 °C keeps a fine grain (typically ASTM 5 or finer), which raises room-temperature strength and toughness. Grade 2 at 1093–1204 °C coarsens the grain and dissolves carbides into solution, which lowers room-temperature strength but improves creep and stress-rupture life, because fewer grain boundaries means fewer sliding paths at temperature.

How does NiCr22Mo9Nb behave at temperature?

The alloy holds most of its room-temperature strength to about 650 °C and then falls away quickly. That plateau is the useful part: between ambient and 650 °C the tensile strength drops by barely 13 %, so a pressure part rated at room temperature is still competent hot, which is not true of austenitic stainless steel over the same span.

How is NiCr22Mo9Nb heat treated?

There are only two production treatments, and the cooling rate matters more than the soak.

1. Annealing (Grade 1): 871–1038 °C, hold, cool rapidly. Most shops run 980 °C ± 15 °C. Hold roughly 30 minutes per 25 mm of section, one hour minimum. Water quench heavy forgings; forced air is acceptable on thin sections and gives less distortion.
2. Solution annealing (Grade 2): 1093–1204 °C, hold, cool rapidly. Typically 1150 °C. This dissolves carbides and coarsens grain deliberately. Overshooting past about 1204 °C risks incipient melting of niobium-rich interdendritic constituents, which is not recoverable.

Stress relief

Conventional stress relief at 600–700 °C, normal practice for steel, sits exactly in the embrittlement window and should not be used. Where residual stress must be reduced, either perform a full anneal at 871 °C or above followed by rapid cooling, or design the stress out through machining sequence and weld planning. It is one of the most common process errors on customer-supplied routing sheets.

Descaling

The oxide formed on nickel alloys is tenacious and chromium-rich, and it will not come off with the pickle used for stainless steel. Standard practice is a molten-salt or caustic-permanganate conditioning step followed by nitric-hydrofluoric pickling. Grit blasting alone leaves embedded oxide that becomes a corrosion initiation site. Specify a pickled and passivated surface if the part goes into chloride service.

What are the physical properties of NiCr22Mo9Nb?

How corrosion resistant is NiCr22Mo9Nb?

The alloy is one of very few that performs in both oxidising and reducing conditions, because chromium and molybdenum cover the two halves of the problem. Its pitting resistance equivalent number is about 51 (%Cr + 3.3 × %Mo), against roughly 25 for 316L, 35 for 2205 duplex and 43 for 6 Mo super-austenitic. The threshold usually applied for continuous warm-seawater immersion is about 40, so 2.4856 clears it with margin.

Where it performs well

• Seawater and produced water, including crevices under gaskets and fouling, the duty that stainless steel loses
• Hot chlorides: the alloy is effectively immune to chloride stress-corrosion cracking at 58 % minimum nickel
• Phosphoric and organic acids; nitric acid; mixed oxidising-reducing streams
• Sulphuric acid across most of the concentration range at moderate temperature
• Flue-gas desulphurisation absorbers, ducting and expansion joints, where condensate is acidic and chloride-bearing
• Alkalis and caustic at concentration, where nickel-rich alloys are the standard answer
• Sour service with H₂S, subject to the qualification note below

Where it should not go

• Hot concentrated hydrochloric acid: use Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) or Alloy B-3
• Hot oxidising chloride salts such as ferric or cupric chloride above ambient
• Long-term structural duty at 550–850 °C where aged toughness is a design requirement (see failure modes)
• Molten metals, sulphur-bearing reducing atmospheres at high temperature
• Anywhere the design actually needs age-hardened strength above 850 MPa yield: use UNS N07716 or N07725

NiCr22Mo9Nb vs Alloy 825, Alloy 718 and Alloy C-276

This is the most common technical question we receive on 2.4856. The short version: 825 is the cheaper alloy you drop to when the duty allows; C-276 is the more resistant alloy you step up to for hot hydrochloric acid; 718 is a different tool entirely, bought for strength rather than corrosion. NiCr22Mo9Nb sits in the middle and wins whenever the stream swings between oxidising and reducing.

The three questions that decide it

1. Does the stream contain chlorides above about 60 °C? If yes, 316L and 825 are both at risk and 2.4856 is the sensible floor.
2. Is there hydrochloric acid, or wet chlorine, above ambient? If yes, go to C-276. NiCr22Mo9Nb will corrode there, just more slowly than stainless.
3. Do you need more than about 550 MPa yield? Then no solid-solution alloy will do it, and the answer is 718, N07716 or N07725, accepting the corrosion penalty.

How is NiCr22Mo9Nb forged, welded and machined?

Forging

2.4856 is a demanding forging alloy, and the reason is hot strength: at 1,100 °C it needs roughly three times the flow stress of carbon steel, so a press that comfortably handles a 3-tonne steel ring will struggle with the same ring in nickel alloy. Soak at 1150–1200 °C and finish above about 950 °C. Below that the alloy work-hardens sharply and surface cracking risk rises; above about 1200 °C the niobium-rich interdendritic regions begin to melt, which cannot be recovered by any subsequent treatment. Aim for a reduction ratio of at least 4:1 to break down the cast structure, work in incremental passes with frequent reheats rather than heavy single blows, and anneal or solution anneal after forging to reset the structure.

1. Raw materialEAF + VOD + ESR
   Heat number traced
   Chemistry verified
2. Forge1150–1200 °C
   Finish > 950 °C
   Reduction ≥ 4:1
3. Heat treatGrade 1: 871–1038 °C
   Grade 2: 1093–1204 °C
   Rapid cool
4. DescaleSalt or caustic condition
   HNO₃-HF pickle
   Passivate
5. MachineRough or finished
   +2 to 5 mm stock
   Per drawing
6. Test & NDETensile, hardness, impact
   UT to EN 10228-3
   PT to ASTM E165
7. CertifyEN 10204 3.1
   3.2 on request
   Marked and packed

Welding

Weldability is one of the alloy's strongest selling points: it welds by GTAW, GMAW, SMAW, plasma and submerged arc, needs no preheat and needs no post-weld heat treatment to restore properties, because there is no precipitation reaction to restore. Use a matching filler: AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-3 for bare wire, AWS A5.11 ENiCrMo-3 for covered electrodes. The same consumables are used to weld 2.4856 to stainless steel and to carbon steel. Keep interpass temperature below about 150 °C, keep heat input low, and clean between passes: nickel-alloy weld pools are sluggish and unforgiving of sulphur, oil or marker ink, all of which cause hot cracking.

Machining

Machining 2.4856 is difficult, for two specific reasons. It work-hardens rapidly, so a tool that rubs instead of cutting creates a hardened layer that destroys the next pass. And its thermal conductivity is 9.8 W/m·K, about a quarter of carbon steel, so the heat of cutting stays at the tool tip instead of leaving in the chip. The practical rules: rigid setup, sharp positive-rake tools, heavy depth of cut to stay under the previously hardened layer, slow speed with high feed, and flood coolant. Never let a tool dwell.

How does NiCr22Mo9Nb fail, and how do you prevent it?

Thermal ageing embrittlement

Cause: thousands of hours between 550 °C and 850 °C, precipitating γ″ and δ phase plus grain-boundary carbides. Room-temperature toughness can drop below 50 J from an as-supplied value above 150 J. Prevention: where a code or a drawing sets an impact minimum for aged condition, qualify on aged coupons; keep long-term structural duty out of the band, or accept the aged property in the design.

Sensitisation and intergranular attack

Cause: slow cooling through 650–850 °C after annealing, or a stress-relief cycle in that range, forming M₂₃C₆ on the boundaries. Prevention: quench from annealing temperature, never stress relieve at 600–700 °C, and specify an intergranular corrosion test to ASTM G28 method A where the duty warrants it.

Hot cracking in welds

Cause: sulphur, phosphorus, oil, paint or marker contamination, high heat input, or excessive restraint. Nickel alloys have a wide solidification range and are intrinsically crack-sensitive. Prevention: clean to bare metal at least 25 mm each side, low heat input, stringer beads, interpass below 150 °C, matching ERNiCrMo-3 filler.

Forging bursts and surface laps

Cause: finishing below 950 °C, too much reduction in a single blow, or reheating above 1200 °C causing incipient melting. Prevention: pyrometer control on every heat, incremental passes, and ultrasonic examination to EN 10228-3 or ASTM A388 with a stated acceptance class.

Crevice corrosion under deposits

Cause: even at PREN 51, a tight crevice under a gasket, fouling or a scale deposit in warm high-chloride water can eventually initiate attack. Prevention: design out crevices, specify a pickled and passivated surface rather than as-blasted, and avoid embedding iron particles during fabrication.

Iron contamination from fabrication

Cause: grinding wheels, wire brushes or fixtures previously used on carbon steel embed iron in the nickel surface, which rusts and initiates pitting. Prevention: dedicated stainless or nickel-only consumables and tooling, ferroxyl testing where the specification requires it, and pickle-passivate before shipment.

What can Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal forge in NiCr22Mo9Nb?

NiCr22Mo9Nb is a made-to-order grade for us: the heat is bought against your specification rather than pulled from stock, so the drawing, the grade and any tightened element limits matter at enquiry stage. The envelopes below are tested limits for this alloy on our equipment, not carbon-steel limits. Nickel alloy consumes press capacity far faster than steel.

Rolled ring OD

200–2,500mm

Ring wall min

30mm

Disc diameter

≤ 1,800mm

Shaft length

≤ 8,000mm

Bar diameter

25–500mm

Single piece

≤ 8,000kg

Grades

1 & 2B564 / B446

Lead time

8–14weeks typical

Equipment used on this grade

Forging

1 t, 3 t, 5 t and 9 t open-die hammers; 4,500 t and 5,000 t hydraulic presses; radial-axial ring mills to 2,500 mm outside diameter on a 6 m ring line. Gas-fired reheat furnaces with pyrometer control and chart recording on every heat.

Heat treatment

Bogie-hearth furnaces to 1,200 °C with ±5 °C uniformity, sized for solution annealing at Grade 2 temperatures; water, polymer and forced-air quench; dedicated pickling and passivation line for nickel alloys.

Inspection

Optical emission spectrometer, universal tensile machine, Charpy impact machine with sub-zero capability, Brinell and Rockwell hardness testers, magnetic particle and penetrant lines, ultrasonic flaw detection, metallographic microscope for grain size and phase assessment.

Which standards and certificates apply?

Material and product

• ASTM B564 / ASME SB-564: nickel alloy forgings
• ASTM B446: Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb rod, bar and wire, Grades 1 and 2
• ASTM B443, B444, B704, B705, B366: plate, seamless and welded tube and pipe, fittings
• AMS 5666 (bars, forgings, rings), AMS 5599, AMS 5837
• DIN 17744 and VdTÜV Werkstoffblatt 499 for W.Nr. 2.4856
• AD 2000-Merkblatt W10 for PED-scope pressure equipment
• ISO 15156-3 / NACE MR0175 where sour service is invoked
• NORSOK M-630 material data sheets where the project specification calls them up
• EN 10204 3.1 as standard; 3.2 with third-party witness

Testing and examination

• Ultrasonic: EN 10228-3, ASTM A388, SEP 1921
• Penetrant: ASTM E165 / ISO 3452, the correct surface method for a non-magnetic alloy
• Tensile ASTM E8/E8M or ISO 6892-1; elevated-temperature tensile ASTM E21
• Impact ASTM E23 / ISO 148-1, including sub-zero where specified
• Grain size ASTM E112; macroetch ASTM E381
• Intergranular corrosion ASTM G28 method A; pitting ASTM G48 where specified
• Positive material identification by portable XRF or OES on request

Quality management is certified to ISO 9001:2015. Third-party witness certificates are issued through the inspection body you nominate: Lloyd's Register, DNV, Bureau Veritas, ABS, TÜV or SGS. Customers keep an unrestricted right to witness any production stage, including chemistry, forging, heat treatment and mechanical testing.

How do you specify a NiCr22Mo9Nb forging order?

1. Name the alloy generically. Write NiCr22Mo9Nb / W.Nr. 2.4856 / UNS N06625. A purchase order that says only "Inconel 625" names a Special Metals trademark and can strictly only be filled by that mill.
2. State the grade and the heat treatment. "ASTM B564 Grade 1, annealed 980 °C ±15 °C, water quenched" removes any argument about what was actually done. If the order is silent, B564 defaults to Grade 1.
3. Send the drawing with machining allowance stated. On this alloy the difference between rough-forged and finish-machined is a large share of the price, because the swarf is expensive.
4. Define test direction and acceptance values. Above 50 mm section, state whether tensile and impact tests are longitudinal or transverse, and give the required minima and the test temperature.
5. Define NDE and acceptance class. "UT per EN 10228-3, quality class 3" or "UT per ASTM A388 with acceptance to the purchase order", plus "PT per ASTM E165". An unqualified "ultrasonic test" is not a specification.
6. State any tightened chemistry. Cobalt cap for nuclear, iron cap for overlay substrates, or a target nickel level for heavy sections.
7. Choose the certificate, then give quantity, date, Incoterm and destination. EN 10204 3.1 as standard, 3.2 with a named witness. Below roughly 500 kg we consolidate onto a larger heat, which affects both price and lead time.

Drawing callout you can copy

MATERIAL:      NiCr22Mo9Nb / W.Nr. 2.4856 / UNS N06625
               ASTM B564 (ASME SB-564) nickel alloy forgings
GRADE:         Grade 1, annealed 871–1038 °C, cooled rapidly
               (Grade 2, solution annealed 1093–1204 °C, for service > 600 °C)
CHEMISTRY:     Per ASTM B446. Co 0.10 % max [nuclear] / Fe 3.0 % max [overlay]
TENSILE:       827 MPa UTS min, 414 MPa YS 0.2 % min, 30 % elongation min
TEST DIRECTION: Transverse, from a prolongation representing the heaviest section
IMPACT:        Charpy V-notch, 3 specimens, 20 °C, 60 J average / 45 J individual
GRAIN SIZE:    ASTM E112, No. 5 or finer [Grade 1]
NDE:           UT per EN 10228-3 quality class 3
               PT per ASTM E165 Type I Method C (NOT magnetic particle)
SURFACE:       Pickled and passivated; no iron contamination, ferroxyl on request
CERTIFICATE:   EN 10204 3.1 (3.2 with third-party witness if stated on the PO)
MARKING:       Heat number, grade, drawing number, low-stress stamped or vibro-etched

Eight mistakes buyers make with NiCr22Mo9Nb

1. Leaving the grade unstated. The order defaults to Grade 1, and a hot gas duct then arrives in fine-grain material with poor creep life. The certificate will still say "conforms".
2. Specifying magnetic particle examination. The alloy is non-magnetic. Use liquid penetrant.
3. Specifying stress relief at 600–700 °C. That is the embrittlement window. Full anneal above 871 °C and quench, or design the stress out.
4. Assuming as-supplied toughness after service ageing. If the part will sit at 550–850 °C for years and a Charpy minimum is a design requirement, it must be qualified on aged coupons.
5. Treating a hardness figure as NACE compliance. ISO 15156-3 acceptance depends on the whole environment envelope, not on a number.
6. Copying a steel machining allowance. Nickel-alloy swarf costs roughly fifteen times as much per kilogram as steel swarf; near-net forging is worth paying for here in a way it is not on carbon steel.
7. Ordering "Inconel 625" and expecting a branded certificate. Specify the generic designation and standard, or buy from the trademark holder.
8. Ignoring cobalt for nuclear work. The 1.0 % general limit has to be tightened at the melt; it cannot be screened in afterwards.

Where is NiCr22Mo9Nb used?

Subsea and offshore oil & gas

The largest single market. Wellhead bodies, hangers, connectors, valve blocks, seat rings and stems, plus clad forgings where a 2.4856 overlay protects a low-alloy steel substrate. Seawater immunity, sour-service capability and the absence of any post-weld heat treatment requirement are all decisive here.

Chemical and petrochemical process plant

Reactor internals, columns, tube sheets, heat-exchanger components, pump and agitator shafts, and piping in streams that alternate between oxidising and reducing: organic acid production, chlorination, phosphoric acid concentration.

Power generation and FGD

Flue-gas desulphurisation absorber internals, ducting, expansion joints and bellows, where condensate is acidic and chloride-rich. Also steam-line and superheater hardware, and bellows where the fatigue strength earns its place.

Marine and seawater systems

Propulsion shafting components, seawater pump and valve parts, submarine and naval fittings, and sheathing for splash-zone structures.

Aerospace and gas turbines

Engine ducting, thrust-reverser components, exhaust systems, bellows and rings to AMS 5666, where the combination of oxidation resistance and fatigue strength to 650 °C is the selection driver.

Nuclear

Reactor core and control-rod components, springs and instrumentation hardware, usually with a tightened cobalt limit and a full traceability package.

Two worked examples

Example 1: sizing a subsea flange in Grade 1

Given. A forged flange in NiCr22Mo9Nb, ASTM B564 Grade 1, seawater service at 40 °C, design pressure requiring an allowable membrane stress of 240 MPa.

Method. Grade 1 minima are 827 MPa tensile and 414 MPa yield. Applying a common design margin of the lesser of UTS/3.5 and yield/1.5 gives 236 MPa and 276 MPa respectively, so tensile governs at 236 MPa.

Result. 236 MPa against a required 240 MPa is a marginal fail on the specification minimum, even though a typical heat at 950 MPa tensile would give 271 MPa and pass comfortably. Do not design on the typical value. The correct fixes are to increase section thickness by about 2 %, or to specify a minimum tensile strength of 860 MPa on the purchase order and have us buy the heat to it, which is entirely practical for this alloy and adds little cost. What is not acceptable is assuming the certificate will land above the minimum.

Example 2: is Grade 1 or Grade 2 right for a 700 °C duct flange?

Given. A forged ring in a hot gas duct, continuous service at 700 °C, design life 100,000 hours, low mechanical load but a code impact requirement at commissioning.

Assessment. At 700 °C, creep governs and grain-boundary sliding is the failure mechanism, so the coarse grain of Grade 2 is correct. Grade 1's higher room-temperature strength is irrelevant at this temperature and its fine grain actively shortens rupture life. Separately, 700 °C sits in the middle of the ageing window, so after a few thousand hours the ring will be embrittled regardless of grade.

Decision. Specify Grade 2, solution annealed 1150 °C, and satisfy the commissioning impact requirement on as-supplied coupons. Then confirm with the design authority that no impact acceptance is claimed for the aged condition, or qualify on coupons aged 1,000 h at 700 °C. If aged toughness must be guaranteed, 2.4856 is the wrong alloy for this position and a stabilised austenitic such as Alloy 800HT should be evaluated instead.

Glossary

NiCr22Mo9Nb frequently asked questions

References

1. ASTM B564/B564M, Standard Specification for Nickel Alloy Forgings, ASTM International. Grade 1 and Grade 2 heat treatment and mechanical requirements for UNS N06625.
2. ASTM B446/B446M, Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06650) Rod, Bar and Wire, ASTM International.
3. ASTM B443, B444, B704, B705, B366: plate, sheet and strip; seamless pipe and tube; welded tube; welded pipe; and factory-made wrought fittings.
4. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II Part B (SB-564, SB-446) and Section II Part D (allowable stresses).
5. DIN 17744, Wrought nickel alloys with molybdenum and chromium: chemical composition. Material number 2.4856, NiCr22Mo9Nb.
6. VdTÜV Werkstoffblatt 499, NiCr22Mo9Nb (2.4856). Approval document for pressure-equipment use in Germany.
7. AD 2000-Merkblatt W10, Nickel and nickel alloys, for PED-scope pressure equipment.
8. SAE AMS 5666, Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Forgings and Rings, 62Ni-21.5Cr-9.0Mo-3.65Cb; AMS 5599; AMS 5837.
9. ISO 15156-3 / NACE MR0175, Petroleum and natural gas industries. Materials for use in H₂S-containing environments in oil and gas production. Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs and other alloys.
10. ASM Handbook, Volume 2: Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM International. Nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys.
11. ASM Handbook, Volume 13B: Corrosion: Materials, ASM International. Corrosion behaviour of nickel-base alloys.
12. ASTM A388/A388M and EN 10228-3, ultrasonic examination of forgings; ASTM E165 / ISO 3452, liquid penetrant examination.
13. ASTM G28 method A, intergranular corrosion of wrought nickel-rich chromium-bearing alloys; ASTM G48, pitting and crevice corrosion.
14. EN 10204, Metallic products: types of inspection documents, CEN.
15. AWS A5.14 (ERNiCrMo-3) and AWS A5.11 (ENiCrMo-3), filler metal specifications.

Standards are cited by number; always work to the revision in force at your contract date. Test results on our certificates are independent and traceable to calibrated equipment.

About the manufacturer, and how to cite this page

Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China, with 460 employees including 9 senior and 32 intermediate engineers. The plant runs 1 t to 9 t open-die hammers, 4,500 t and 5,000 t hydraulic presses and radial-axial ring mills up to 2,500 mm outside diameter, with in-house heat treatment to 1,200 °C, machining, mechanical testing and non-destructive examination. Alongside NiCr22Mo9Nb / 2.4856 we forge carbon, alloy and tool steels, the precipitation-hardening stainless family, duplex grades and the nickel alloys 600, 601, 625, 718, 800H/HT, 825 and C-276. Quality management is certified to ISO 9001:2015, and material is supplied with EN 10204 3.1 certification as standard, 3.2 with third-party witness on request.

Related grades and products we forge

• Alloy 625 / N06625
• 2.4668 / Alloy 718
• 2.4816 / Alloy 600
• Alloy 800HT / N08811
• All nickel alloys
• 625 forged rings
• Seamless rolled rings
• Forged discs
• Open-die forgings
• Stainless steel grades