01Key facts about 2.4964
2.4964 is not age-hardenable. Its strength comes from solid solution hardening by tungsten and chromium. Properties therefore stay stable over a wide temperature band and there is no risk of over-ageing in service. The alloy has been used for combustor and afterburner hardware since the 1950s and is still specified for that duty today.
- Alloy family
- Cobalt-base superalloy
- Strengthening
- Solid solution
- Density
- 9.13 g/cm³
- Melting range
- 1329-1410 °C
- Max continuous service
- 980 °C / 1800 °F
- Short-term oxidation
- 1095 °C / 2000 °F
- Magnetic
- No, non-magnetic
- Melting route
- ESR or VIM+ESR+VAR
Selection note. Long exposure between 760 °C and 925 °C precipitates Co2W Laves phase and lowers room-temperature ductility. Re-solution annealing above 1175 °C reverses this. Please state the service temperature in your enquiry so that we can confirm the final heat treatment.
022.4964 equivalents and designations
2.4964, Haynes 25, Alloy 25, L-605, UNS R30605 and GH5605 all describe the same Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni composition. Drawings often use one designation and the purchase order another. The cross reference below is the one we work to.
| System / standard | Designation | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| Werkstoff-Nr. (DIN/EN) | 2.4964 | Material number |
| EN / DIN name | CoCr20W15Ni | Chemical designation |
| UNS | R30605 | Unified numbering system |
| AISI / SAE | 670 | Legacy designation |
| AMS 5759 | R30605 | Bar, forgings, rings, solution heat treated |
| AMS 5537 | R30605 | Sheet, strip and plate |
| AMS 5796 / 5797 | W73605 | Welding wire / coated electrode |
| ASTM F90 | R30605 | Bar and wire, surgical implant quality |
| GB/T 14992 (China) | GH5605 / GH605 | Chinese superalloy designation |
| Common trade names | Haynes 25, HS-25, Stellite 25, Udimet L-605, Alacrite | Producer brand names |
Haynes and Stellite are trademarks of their respective owners. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal is an independent forging factory and uses these names to identify the material grade only.
03Chemical composition of 2.4964
The table below gives the specified range for 2.4964 / UNS R30605. Every heat is supplied with a ladle analysis. A product analysis on the finished forging is available when the drawing calls for it.
| Element | Min % | Max % | Role in the alloy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cobalt (Co) | Balance | approx 51 | Base metal, wear and galling resistance |
| Chromium (Cr) | 19.00 | 21.00 | Oxidation and sulfidation resistance |
| Tungsten (W) | 14.00 | 16.00 | Primary solid solution strengthener |
| Nickel (Ni) | 9.00 | 11.00 | Stabilises the FCC matrix, machinability |
| Iron (Fe) | - | 3.00 | Residual |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.00 | 2.00 | Deoxidiser |
| Carbon (C) | 0.05 | 0.15 | Grain boundary carbides, creep strength |
| Silicon (Si) | - | 0.40 | Deoxidiser |
| Phosphorus (P) | - | 0.040 | Impurity, kept low |
| Sulphur (S) | - | 0.030 | Impurity, kept low |
Tighter internal limits are available on request, for example mid-range chromium and tungsten with a narrow carbon band where creep and ductility have to be balanced.
04Physical properties of 2.4964
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 9.13 g/cm³ | 0.330 lb/in³ |
| Melting range | 1329-1410 °C | 2425-2570 °F |
| Modulus of elasticity in tension | 224 GPa | 32.6 x 10³ ksi |
| Electrical resistivity at 24 °C | 89 µΩ·cm | 34.9 µΩ·in |
| Mean CTE, 21-93 °C | 12.3 µm/m·°C | 6.8 µin/in·°F |
| Mean CTE, 21-871 °C | 16.2 µm/m·°C | 9.1 µin/in·°F |
| Magnetic permeability | Non-magnetic | Non-magnetic |
05Mechanical properties of 2.4964 forgings
Both the specified minimum values and the typical values reached in production are given below, for the solution annealed condition.
| Basis | Rm (UTS) | Rp0.2 (YS) | A (elong.) | Hardness | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.4964 spec. minimum | ≥ 850 MPa | ≥ 340 MPa | ≥ 30 % | ≤ 282 HB | Bars and forged pieces |
| AMS 5759 minimum | ≥ 860 MPa (125 ksi) | ≥ 310 MPa (45 ksi) | ≥ 30 % | ≤ 277 HB | Bar, forgings, rings |
| Typical as supplied | approx 1000 MPa (145 ksi) | approx 460 MPa (67 ksi) | 50-60 % | approx 250 HB | Indicative, depends on section |
2.4964 work hardens rapidly. Cold work raises tensile and creep strength, but complex forming operations need intermediate anneals. Strain ageing at 370-595 °C can improve creep rupture strength for parts working below about 700 °C. Elevated temperature and stress rupture data for a given section size are available on request.
06Forging and heat treatment of 2.4964
The hot working window for 2.4964 is narrow and the flow stress is high. Finishing below 900 °C will crack the piece. The route we use is fixed and is recorded heat by heat.
| Operation | Temperature | Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Hot working range | 1038-1260 °C 1900-2300 °F | Full range over which the alloy can be hot worked |
| Preferred forging start | 1150-1200 °C | Soak time matched to section thickness |
| Finishing temperature | > 900 °C | Below this the alloy cracks. Reheat instead of continuing |
| Solution anneal | 1175-1230 °C 2150-2250 °F | Water quench or rapid air cool, time per section thickness |
| Stress relief after cold work | 400-450 °C | 2 h, air cool |
| Avoid prolonged exposure | 760-925 °C | Co2W Laves phase precipitation, reversible by re-solution anneal |
Welding 2.4964
2.4964 welds readily by GTAW, GMAW, SMAW, electron beam and resistance welding using matching filler, AMS 5796 wire or AMS 5797 electrode. Submerged arc welding is not recommended. Use tight joint fit-up, minimum restraint, a low interpass temperature and rapid cooling. Anneal fabricated assemblies at 1175-1230 °C and cool rapidly for maximum ductility.
072.4964 forged products and size capability
All items below are produced to drawing or to a dimensional sketch, in the solution annealed condition, as forged or rough machined with allowance for finish machining. The works runs 1, 3, 6 and 9 ton forging hammers, a 4500 ton hydraulic press and 3 m and 6 m seamless ring rolling mills, covering diameters from 100 mm to 6000 mm, lengths to 12000 mm and piece weights from 10 kg to 15 t. Melting routes are ESR, or VIM + ESR + VAR where the specification calls for a triple melt.
| Forged product | Typical size range | Usual delivery condition |
|---|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings | OD 200-6000 mm, H 1000 mm max | Rough machined, UT tested |
| Forged round bars | Ø 100-1000 mm, L 12000 mm max | Peeled or black, cut to length |
| Forged discs and blanks | Ø 100-2000 mm | Rough machined both faces |
| Forged shafts and spindles | Ø 100-1000 mm, L 12000 mm max | Rough turned, centres provided |
| Forged flanges | DN 50-1500 | To ASME B16.5, EN 1092-1 or drawing |
| Forged sleeves, bushings, tubes | OD 100-1500 mm, WT 15 mm min | Bored and rough machined |
| Forged tube sheets | Ø 3000 mm max | Rough machined, UT to EN 10228-3 |
| Valve bodies, seat rings, stems | Per drawing | Near net forged, rough machined |
| Single piece weight | 10 kg to 15 t | Works capability. Maximum for 2.4964 also depends on ingot size |
Related forged parts in other grades: forged valve seat rings, forged eccentric shafts.
08Where 2.4964 forgings are used
2.4964 is used where a nickel base alloy would soften or a stainless steel would sulfidise. The cobalt base gives a higher melting point than Inconel 718, better resistance to hot sulphur bearing gas and better galling resistance. The trade-offs are higher density and higher raw material cost.
Gas turbines and jet engines
Combustor cans, transition ducts, afterburner liners, flame holders, spray bars, turbine rings and blade retainers.
Power generation
Hot gas path rings, liners, high temperature bearing races and generator components.
Oil, gas and subsea
Wellhead and Christmas tree parts, subsea production hardware, valve seat rings, stems and bodies in sour service.
Chemical and process plant
Chemical pump and plunger pump shafts, nozzles, crystalliser parts, pressure vessel and heat exchanger forgings.
Heat treatment furnaces
Furnace fixtures, retorts, muffles and burner components in cyclic high temperature service.
Medical and instrument
Implant quality bar to ASTM F90 and non-magnetic precision components.
09Testing, inspection and certification
Inspection is completed before the part leaves the works and the documentation is issued with the shipment.
- Chemical analysis. Ladle analysis on every heat, product analysis on the finished forging when specified.
- Mechanical testing. Room temperature tensile, hardness and, where required, elevated temperature tensile and impact, on integral or separately forged test blanks.
- Ultrasonic testing. To EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388, acceptance class agreed before production.
- Surface NDT. Liquid penetrant to ASTM E165 or EN 571-1. 2.4964 is non-magnetic, so magnetic particle testing does not apply.
- Dimensional report. Against your drawing, with machining allowance stated.
- Metallography. Grain size and microstructure on request, to confirm a clean solution anneal.
- Certification. EN 10204 3.1 as standard. EN 10204 3.2 with third party witness by TUV, BV, SGS or Lloyd's on request.
10How to order 2.4964 forgings
A drawing is preferred. Where no drawing is available, the six items below are enough for us to quote, normally within one working day.
Information required for a quotation
- Grade confirmation: 2.4964, Haynes 25, L-605, R30605 or AMS 5759, whichever your drawing uses
- Forged shape and finished dimensions, or a drawing or sketch in PDF, DWG or STEP
- Quantity and required delivery date
- Delivery condition: as forged, rough machined or finish machined
- Service temperature and medium, so that we can confirm the heat treatment
- Testing and certification level: EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2, UT class, third party witness
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.
Email sales@steelforgepieces.com,
phone / WhatsApp / WeChat +86 189 2135 9659
No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., "2.4964 (Haynes 25 / L-605 / UNS R30605) Forgings Technical Datasheet", https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Nickel-Alloy/2.4964.html
11Frequently asked questions about 2.4964
What is material 2.4964?
2.4964 is the German Werkstoff number for CoCr20W15Ni, a solid solution strengthened cobalt-chromium-tungsten-nickel superalloy. It contains nominally 20 % chromium, 15 % tungsten and 10 % nickel with cobalt as the balance. It is used for high temperature parts that also have to resist sulfidation, wear and galling.
Is 2.4964 the same as Haynes 25 and L-605?
Yes. 2.4964, Haynes 25, Alloy 25, HS-25, Stellite 25, Udimet L-605, UNS R30605 and Chinese GH5605 all refer to the same Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni composition. AMS 5759 covers it as bar, forgings and rings. AMS 5537 covers sheet, strip and plate.
Is 2.4964 a nickel alloy or a cobalt alloy?
It is a cobalt base alloy. Nickel is present at 9 to 11 % only, while cobalt makes up roughly 51 % of the composition. Distributors often list it under nickel alloys because it is sold alongside them, but the base metal is cobalt.
What is the maximum service temperature of 2.4964?
2.4964 can be used continuously in oxidising air and combustion gas up to about 980 °C (1800 °F), and resists oxidation for short exposures up to about 1095 °C (2000 °F). It retains useful strength to roughly 1175 °C (2150 °F), although not at load bearing stress levels.
Can 2.4964 be hardened by heat treatment?
No. 2.4964 is not age-hardenable and does not respond to conventional ageing treatments. Its strength comes from solid solution hardening by tungsten and chromium. Strength can be raised by cold work, and strain ageing at 370 to 595 °C can improve creep rupture strength for service below about 700 °C.
At what temperature is 2.4964 forged?
2.4964 is hot worked between 1038 °C and 1260 °C (1900 to 2300 °F). We start forging at 1150 to 1200 °C and finish above 900 °C to avoid grain boundary damage, then solution anneal at 1175 to 1230 °C followed by a water quench or rapid air cool.
How does 2.4964 compare with Inconel 718?
2.4964 has a higher melting point, about 1410 °C against roughly 1350 °C, better sulfidation resistance in hot sulphur bearing gas and better galling resistance. Inconel 718 is precipitation hardened and is therefore much stronger at room temperature and up to about 650 °C, and it is lighter and cheaper. Use 2.4964 for sustained high temperature and hot corrosion service, and Inconel 718 where peak strength up to 650 °C matters more.
Is 2.4964 magnetic?
No. 2.4964 is non-magnetic in the solution annealed condition, which is why magnetic particle inspection is not used on it. Surface defects are found by liquid penetrant testing instead.
What is the largest 2.4964 forging you can produce?
The works handles forged pieces from 10 kg to 15 t, diameters from 100 mm to 6000 mm and lengths to 12000 mm, using 1, 3, 6 and 9 ton hammers, a 4500 ton hydraulic press and 3 m and 6 m ring rolling mills. The practical maximum for 2.4964 also depends on the available ingot size, so send the drawing and we will confirm feasibility before quoting.
What certification comes with 2.4964 forgings?
EN 10204 3.1 certification is standard and covers chemistry, mechanical properties, heat treatment record and NDT results. EN 10204 3.2 with third party witness inspection by TUV, BV, SGS or Lloyd's is available on request. Ultrasonic testing is reported to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388.
Who supplies 2.4964 open-die forgings in China?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. forges 2.4964 to order at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. Enquiries to sales@steelforgepieces.com or +86 189 2135 9659. Jiangyin is in the Yangtze River Delta forging area, about two hours from Shanghai port.