# Open-Die Forgings and Seamless Rolled Rings

**Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an integrated steel melting and open-die forging works in Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China, operating since 1997.**

Unlike a forging shop that buys billet, this plant melts its own steel. Carbon, alloy, stainless and duplex grades run through an electric arc furnace, a ladle furnace and vacuum oxygen decarburisation. Clean and superalloy grades take the vacuum induction, vacuum arc and protective-atmosphere electroslag route. Steel then moves through the presses, the ring mill, 14 heat-treatment furnaces and the machine shop without leaving the site, so traceability runs from the melt number to the shipped part.

460 people work here, including 9 senior engineers, 32 intermediate engineers and 140 technicians. The works holds CCS, BV, DNV, LR and NK approvals and exports to North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia-Pacific.

## Company record

| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Legal name | Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. |
| Business | Integrated melting works, open-die forge and ring rolling mill |
| Established | 1997 |
| Employees | 460, including 9 senior engineers, 32 intermediate engineers and 140 technicians |
| Plant | No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China |
| Melting | EF, LF, VOD, VIM, VAR, ESR. 60 t maximum heat |
| Forging | 6,300 t press, 6 m ring mill, 30 t maximum single piece |
| Approvals | CCS, BV, DNV, LR, NK |
| Minimum order | 10 kg, no minimum piece count |
| Lead time | 20 to 60 days |
| Telephone | +86 189 2135 9659 |
| Email | sales@steelforgepieces.com |
| Website | https://www.steelforgepieces.com/ |

## From melt to finished forging

Most forging suppliers in China buy billet. This works starts one step earlier, at the furnace. Steel is melted and refined on site, cast or remelted into ingot, forged or ring-rolled, heat-treated, machined and tested without leaving the plant.

That matters commercially for two reasons. The chemistry can be aimed at the forging it will become rather than accepted as delivered, and the certificate traces a part back to its melt number instead of stopping at a purchased billet.

Production route: melt and refine, remelt where the grade requires it, open-die forge or ring roll, heat treat, then machine, inspect and certify.

## The melt shop

Maximum heat size is 60 tonnes. Carbon, alloy, stainless and duplex grades run through the electric arc furnace, are refined in a ladle furnace and, where low carbon or tight nitrogen control is needed, decarburised under vacuum. Clean and superalloy grades take the remelting route: vacuum induction melting followed by vacuum arc remelting or protective-atmosphere electroslag remelting, so double- and triple-melt specifications can be met without subcontracting.

| Route | Equipment | Capacity | Qty | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary melting | Electric arc furnace (EF) | 25 t | 1 | Carbon, alloy and stainless steel |
| Ladle refining | Ladle furnace (LF) | 25 t, 50 t | 2 | Desulphurisation, alloy trim, temperature control |
| Vacuum degassing | Vacuum oxygen decarburisation (VOD) | 30 t, 60 t | 2 | Stainless, duplex and low-carbon grades |
| Induction melting | Medium-frequency induction furnace (IF) | 2 t, 8 t, 25 t | 3 | Smaller heats, tool steel, alloy steel |
| Vacuum induction | Vacuum induction melting furnace (VIM) | 3 t | 1 | Nickel superalloys, reactive elements |
| Electroslag remelting | Protective-atmosphere electroslag furnace (IGESR) | 3 t, 6 t | 2 | Clean tool and die steel, nitrogen-alloyed grades |
| Vacuum arc remelting | Vacuum arc remelting furnace (VAR) | 6 t | 1 | Aerospace-grade superalloys, VIM plus VAR double melt |

### Super alloy department

The company is establishing a dedicated super alloy department focused on superalloy forgings, built around the 6 t protective-atmosphere electroslag furnace, the 3 t vacuum induction furnace and the 6 t vacuum arc remelting furnace. Together these give a complete in-house melting route for nickel-based superalloys. Lacking that route is what normally forces Chinese forging shops to import billet for Inconel, Waspaloy and Rene grades.

## What we forge

Eight product families cover the plant's output. Every item is forged from a single piece of steel melted on site, with no welding, no casting and no purchased billet of unknown origin.

- **Seamless rolled rings.** Ring-rolled from a punched preform on a radial-axial mill. Rectangular or contoured section, for bearings, gears, flanges, wind-turbine and pressure-vessel applications. Also contoured rolled rings, gear ring blanks and slewing rings.
- **Forged rings.** Upset and punched rings for sizes and sections outside the ring-mill envelope, and for alloys that need heavy reduction rather than rolling. Also forged gear rings, retaining rings and valve seat rings.
- **Forged flanges.** Weld neck, blind, slip-on, socket weld, lap joint, orifice, anchor, girth, swivel and long weld neck flanges to ASME B16.5, B16.47 and API 6A. Covered by ASTM A182, A350, A694 and MSS SP-44.
- **Forged shafts.** Stepped shafts, gear shafts, pinion shafts, eccentric shafts, crankshafts and spindles for marine propulsion, gearboxes, presses and rolling mills. Also rolls, rotors and tie rods.
- **Forged bars and blocks.** Round bars, flat bars, square bars, die blocks and mould blocks, the feedstock route for machined valve bodies and tooling.
- **Tube sheets and discs.** Solid forged discs, tube sheets and covers for heat exchangers and pressure vessels, supplied proof-machined for volumetric inspection.
- **Valve and wellhead parts.** Valve bodies, bonnets, blocks, stems, seat rings, spools, nozzles, manifolds, sleeves and bushings for Christmas trees, wellheads, BOPs and risers. API 6A and NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156.
- **Forged cylinders and pipes.** Hollow forged cylinders, sleeves, bushings, couplings and heavy-wall pipe sections bored from solid forged blanks. Also crane wheels, wheels and pinions.

## Forging, heat treatment and machining equipment

The largest ring the plant can roll is 6,000 mm outside diameter, the largest press is 6,300 tonnes, and the heaviest single forging is 30 tonnes. Everything below is on site. No forging, heat treatment or machining step is subcontracted.

### Forging

| Equipment | Capacity | Qty | Used for |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydraulic open-die press | 6,300 t | 1 | Heavy cogging, upsetting, large discs and blocks |
| Hydraulic open-die press | 4,000 t | 1 | Shafts, ring preforms, medium sections |
| Hydraulic open-die press | 2,000 t | 1 | Smaller forgings, bars and blanks |
| Radial-axial ring rolling mill | 6 m, max OD 6,000 mm | 1 | Large seamless rolled rings |
| Radial-axial ring rolling mill | 3 m, max OD 3,000 mm | 1 | Mid-range rings, gear ring blanks |
| Radial-axial ring rolling mill | 1 m, max OD 1,000 mm | 1 | Small rings, bearing races |
| Forging hammers | 5 t, 3 t, 2 t, 1 t, 750 kg | 5 | Drawing out, blocking, small batch work |

### Heat treatment: 14 furnaces

| Type | Model | Working chamber | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| Car-bottom furnace | RTX-9-900KW | 6,000 x 3,500 x 2,300 mm | 1 |
| Car-bottom furnace | RTX-9-810KW | 8,000 x 2,000 x 2,000 mm | 2 |
| Car-bottom furnace | RTX-9-720 | 5,500 x 3,000 x 1,800 mm | 2 |
| Car-bottom furnace | RTX-9-530KW | 8,000 x 1,500 x 1,200 mm | 2 |
| Car-bottom furnace | RTX-9-430 | 6,500 x 1,500 x 1,100 mm | 1 |
| Car-bottom furnace | RTX-9-430 | 5,500 x 1,500 x 1,100 mm | 1 |
| High-temperature car-bottom furnace | RTX-12-350KW | 3,500 x 1,300 x 1,100 mm | 3 |
| Well-type (pit) furnace | RJ-9-850KW | 15,000 mm deep x 1,500 mm dia | 2 |

Treatments cover normalising, quenching and tempering, annealing, solution annealing, ageing, stress relief and, for nickel alloys, the high-temperature solution treatments that ASTM B564 Grade 2 requires.

### Machining

| Machine | Capacity | Qty |
|---|---|---|
| Vertical turning lathe | 5,000 mm swing | 1 |
| Vertical turning lathe | 3,500 mm swing | 1 |
| Vertical turning lathe | 2,500 mm swing | 4 |
| Horizontal lathe C61180 | 1,800 mm dia x 8,000 mm | 3 |
| Horizontal lathe C61140 | 1,400 mm dia x 8,000 mm | 2 |
| Horizontal lathe C61125 / C61160 | 1,250 mm dia x 10,000 mm; 1,600 mm dia x 14,000 mm | 1 |
| CNC lathe | 1,600 mm dia x 3,300 mm | 3 |
| CNC machine | 2,000 mm dia x 8,000 mm | 1 |
| CNC machine | 2,000 mm dia x 10,000 mm | 1 |
| CNC deep-hole drilling machine | 1,600 mm dia x 10,000 mm | 1 |

### Working envelope by product

| Product | Size limit | Set by |
|---|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings | up to OD 6,000 mm | 6 m radial-axial ring mill |
| Forged shafts | up to 14,000 mm turned length | C61160 horizontal lathe; 15 m well furnace for vertical quench |
| Discs, tube sheets, blocks | up to 5,000 mm machined diameter | 5,000 mm vertical lathe |
| Bored cylinders and hollow shafts | up to 1,600 mm dia x 10,000 mm | CNC deep-hole drilling machine |
| Single-piece weight | up to 30,000 kg (30 t) | 60 t heat size; 6,300 t press |
| Minimum ring size | from OD 50 mm | Upset-and-punch route below ring-mill range |

## Materials

Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal forges more than 300 material grades across four families: carbon and low-alloy steel, stainless and duplex stainless steel, tool and die steel, and nickel-based alloys and superalloys.

**Nickel alloys and superalloys.** Inconel 600, 601, 617, 625, 690, 693, 718, 725, X-750. Incoloy 800, 800H, 800HT, 825, 890, 901, 925, 926, 945, A-286. Monel 400, K-500, R-405. Hastelloy C-276, C-22, G-3. Nimonic 75, 80A, 90, 105. Waspaloy, Rene 41, MP35N, MP159, Invar 36, Alloy 20, Alloy 42, Alloy 59, Alloy 783, Nickel 200, Nickel 201, Custom 450, Custom 455, AerMet 100.

**Stainless, duplex and precipitation-hardening steel.** AISI 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 316N, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 310S, 329, 410, 416, 422, 431, 440A, 440C. 17-4 PH, 15-5 PH, PH 13-8 Mo. 904L, 254 SMO, AL-6XN, Alloy 20, Alloy 33. Nitronic 50, Nitronic 60. SAF 2205 duplex and SAF 2507 super duplex, UNS S32205, 1.4462, 1.4410. ASTM A182 F44, F51, F53, F55, F60, F6a, F6NM, F317, F348.

**Carbon, low-alloy and quenched-and-tempered steel.** AISI 4130, 4140, 4145H, 4150, 4340, 8620, 9840. 42CrMo4, 34CrMo4, 34CrNiMo6, 30CrNiMo8, 17CrNiMo6, 50CrMo4, 51CrV4. S355J2G3, S235JRG2, S460NL, P245GH, P265GH, P355GH, P355NH, P355NL2, 11CrMo9-10. ASTM A105, ASTM A350 LF2, ASTM A694 F42 to F70, ASTM A182 F11, F12, F22, F91, F92.

**Tool and die steel.** H11, H13, H21, D2, P20, P20+Ni, S7, O1, A2, L6. 1.2344, 1.2379, 1.2738, 1.2888, 1.2327. SKD61, SKD11, NAK80. Electroslag remelted where cleanliness governs.

Grades can be specified by trade name (Inconel 625), unified number (UNS N06625), European number (2.4856) or specification (ASTM A182 F51). If a grade is not listed, ask. The plant forges to customer chemistry.

## Testing, approvals and certification

The works holds CCS, BV, DNV, LR and NK classification society approvals and runs its own laboratory. Because the steel is melted here, chemistry is verified at the furnace rather than taken from a supplier certificate.

| Discipline | Equipment | Model | Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical analysis | Mobile optical emission spectrometer | SPECTROTEST TXC25 | ASTM E415 |
| Carbon and sulphur | Infrared carbon-sulphur analyser | HIR-9440D | ASTM E1019 |
| Alloy verification (PMI) | Handheld alloy composition analyser | X-Mwt3000TX | Positive material identification |
| Tensile | 600 kN hydraulic universal testing machine | WE-600B | ASTM A370, ISO 6892 |
| Tensile | Microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine | WDW-300 | ASTM A370, ISO 6892 |
| Impact | Pendulum impact testing machine with low-temperature bath | JBN-300 plus DWC-60 | ASTM A370, to -60 C |
| Impact specimens | Notch broaching machine; Charpy projector | VU-2D, CST-50 | ASTM A370 |
| Hardness | Leeb hardness tester | TH140 | ASTM A956, converted per ASTM E140 |
| Ultrasonic testing | Full-digital intelligent ultrasonic flaw detector | PXUT-3300 | ASTM A388, EN 10228-3 |
| Ultrasonic testing | Digital ultrasonic flaw detectors | USM35XS, CTS-22 | ASTM A388, EN 10228-3 |
| Magnetic particle | Multipurpose magnetic particle crack detector | CYE-3A | ASTM E709 |
| Bore inspection | Industrial electronic endoscope | DNJ | Visual examination of bores |
| Metallography | Microscope, mounting press, pre-grinder, polisher | XJP-6A, XQ-2B, M-2, P-2 | ASTM E112 grain size |
| Specimen preparation | CNC wire-cut EDM; surface grinder; analytical balance | DK7720, MYS7120, TG328A | n/a |

### Testing arranged through accredited third-party laboratories

Some order-specific tests are not run in-house and are placed with an accredited laboratory, with the report issued alongside the mill certificate. These include intergranular corrosion testing to ASTM A262 or ASTM G28, pitting resistance to ASTM G48, duplex phase-balance and ferrite counting to ASTM A923, impact testing below -60 C, and hardness measurement on a bench Brinell or Rockwell machine where the specification requires it rather than a portable instrument.

### Approvals and documentation

| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Class approvals | CCS, BV, DNV, LR, NK |
| Standard certification | EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate |
| Witnessed certification | EN 10204 3.2, witnessed by BV, DNV, LR, SGS, TUV or the customer's own inspector, on request |
| Traceability | Melt number through forging, heat treatment and machining to shipment. Melting is on site, so the chain does not start at a purchased billet |
| Supporting records | Heat-treatment charts, NDT reports, dimensional reports, PMI records |

## Industries served

- **Oil and gas.** Christmas trees, wellhead components, spools, valve bodies, BOP parts, riser components, nozzles and Y-blocks, including NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 sour-service requirements.
- **Power generation.** Turbine and generator rotor components, retaining rings, casing flanges, valve bodies and heat-exchanger tube sheets for fossil, nuclear-conventional-island and wind applications.
- **Shipbuilding and marine.** Propeller shafts, stern tube components, rudder stocks, couplings and mooring hardware, supported by CCS, BV, DNV, LR and NK approvals.
- **Chemical and petrochemical.** Pressure-vessel flanges, tube sheets, covers and pump and valve parts in duplex, super-duplex, 904L, Alloy 20 and nickel alloys for corrosive service.
- **Heavy machinery.** Gear blanks, pinion shafts, eccentric shafts, crankshafts, rolls, crane wheels, slewing rings and press components.
- **Bearings and wind.** Seamless rolled rings and contoured rolled rings for bearing races, slewing bearings, yaw and pitch rings.

## Request a quotation

Quotations are prepared from a drawing or a written specification. Sending the six items below in the first email removes a round trip and usually gets a price back within two working days. Minimum order is 10 kg with no minimum piece count, and normal lead time runs 20 to 60 days depending on whether the grade needs a remelting step.

| # | Item | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Material grade or specification | ASTM A182 F51 / UNS S31803 |
| 2 | Dimensions, or a drawing (PDF, DWG, DXF, STEP) | OD 1200 x ID 900 x H 260 mm |
| 3 | Quantity and expected repeat volume | 12 pcs, about 4 times per year |
| 4 | Delivery condition | As-forged, proof-machined or finish-machined |
| 5 | Heat treatment and testing requirements | Solution annealed, UT to ASTM A388, ASTM A923 Method C |
| 6 | Certification and destination port | EN 10204 3.2 witnessed by DNV, Rotterdam |

**Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.**
No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
Telephone, WhatsApp and WeChat: +86 189 2135 9659
Email: sales@steelforgepieces.com
Business hours: Monday to Saturday, 08:00 to 17:30 China Standard Time (UTC+8)

The plant is in Zhouzhuang Town, in the east of Jiangyin City. Wuxi Shuofang International Airport is 30 km away and Shanghai's airports are 160 km. The nearest export ports are Zhangjiagang and Shanghai. Customer audits, pre-shipment inspections and third-party witness testing are welcome. Please arrange visits by email in advance so an English-speaking engineer is available.

## Frequently asked questions

### Does Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal melt its own steel, or buy billet?

It melts its own. The works runs a 25 t electric arc furnace with 25 t and 50 t ladle furnaces and 30 t and 60 t vacuum oxygen decarburisation units for carbon, alloy, stainless and duplex grades, plus 2 t, 8 t and 25 t medium-frequency induction furnaces. For clean and superalloy grades there is 3 t vacuum induction melting, 6 t vacuum arc remelting and 3 t and 6 t protective-atmosphere electroslag remelting, so VIM plus VAR double-melt routes are available without subcontracting. Maximum heat size is 60 tonnes.

This matters on two counts. The chemistry can be aimed at the forging it will become rather than accepted as delivered, and the certificate traces a part back to its melt number instead of stopping at a purchased billet certificate, which is what most forging shops in China can offer.

### What is the largest ring or forging you can produce?

Seamless rings roll up to 6,000 mm outside diameter on the 6 m radial-axial mill, with 3 m and 1 m mills for smaller sizes. The heaviest single forging is 30 tonnes, worked on 6,300 t, 4,000 t and 2,000 t hydraulic presses and backed by 5 t, 3 t, 2 t, 1 t and 750 kg hammers. Maximum heat size in the melt shop is 60 tonnes.

Downstream sets the practical limits: heat-treatment furnaces take work up to 8,000 x 2,000 x 2,000 mm, two 15 m well-type furnaces allow long shafts to be quenched vertically, vertical lathes machine to 5,000 mm swing, horizontal lathes to 14 m between centres, and the deep-hole drilling machine bores 1,600 mm dia x 10,000 mm.

### Can you supply superalloy forgings in Inconel, Waspaloy or Rene grades?

Yes, and the melting route is in-house. The company is establishing a dedicated super alloy department around the 6 t protective-atmosphere electroslag furnace, the 3 t vacuum induction furnace and the 6 t vacuum arc remelting furnace. Three high-temperature car-bottom furnaces cover the solution treatments these alloys need.

Most Chinese forging shops have to import billet for these grades, which drives both cost and lead time. Send the grade, the specification and the melt route required (single, double or triple melt) with your enquiry.

### What is open-die forging, and when is it better than casting or closed-die forging?

Open-die forging shapes heated metal between flat or simply contoured dies that do not enclose the workpiece, so the material is worked progressively rather than squeezed into a cavity. Because no closed die has to be cut, it is the economical route for one-offs, small batches and parts too large for a die press.

Metallurgically, the deformation closes internal porosity and aligns the grain flow with the part's shape, which gives higher toughness and fatigue strength than a casting of the same alloy. Closed-die forging becomes cheaper only at high volumes, where the die cost is spread across many identical parts.

### Which materials can Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal forge?

Carbon steel, low-alloy and quenched-and-tempered alloy steel, austenitic and martensitic stainless steel, duplex and super-duplex stainless steel, precipitation-hardening stainless steel, hot-work and cold-work tool and die steel, and nickel-based alloys and superalloys including Inconel, Incoloy, Monel, Hastelloy, Nimonic and Waspaloy.

Frequently requested grades include ASTM A182 F11, F22, F91, F304L, F316L, F51, F53 and F55; ASTM A350 LF2; ASTM A694 F52 to F70; AISI 4140, 4340 and 8620; 42CrMo4 and 34CrNiMo6; and Inconel 625, Inconel 718, Incoloy 825 and Monel 400.

### What classification society approvals does the factory hold?

CCS (China Classification Society), BV (Bureau Veritas), DNV, LR (Lloyd's Register) and NK (Nippon Kaiji Kyokai / ClassNK).

Testing runs in an on-site laboratory: optical emission spectrometry, infrared carbon and sulphur analysis, tensile testing on 600 kN and 300 kN machines, Charpy V-notch impact to -60 C, ultrasonic and magnetic particle inspection, and metallography. Tests outside that scope, namely ASTM A262, G28, G48, A923 and impact below -60 C, are placed with an accredited third-party laboratory.

### What is the minimum order quantity for a forged ring or flange?

10 kg. There is no minimum piece count, because the limit is set by weight rather than quantity. A single small part is quotable, and so is a one-off large ring. This is unusual for a works of this size, since plants running a 6,300 t press often refuse anything under a tonne.

In practice, very small parts are grouped into a batch to share furnace and setup time, which is why quantity still affects the unit price even though it does not affect whether the job can be taken.

### What is the typical lead time for an open-die forging?

20 to 60 days from order confirmation, depending on the material route.

Carbon steel, alloy steel and standard stainless grades sit at the lower end: the steel is melted in the electric arc furnace, refined and forged without an intermediate remelting step. Nickel alloys, superalloys and any grade requiring vacuum arc or electroslag remelting sit at the upper end, because the remelting cycle, the slower forging schedule and the longer solution-treatment times all add days.

Testing requirements also move the date. Third-party witnessed inspection to EN 10204 3.2, or corrosion testing placed with an outside laboratory, needs scheduling. Flag both at enquiry stage so they are built into the quoted date rather than added to it.

### Does the factory supply finish-machined forgings, or rough forgings only?

Both. Forgings can be supplied as-forged with machining allowance, rough-machined to a proof-machined condition suitable for ultrasonic testing, or finish-machined to drawing. Heat treatment, machining, non-destructive testing and mechanical testing are all carried out in-house before shipment.

### Where is the factory, and can customers visit?

The plant is at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. Jiangyin sits between Shanghai and Nanjing on the south bank of the Yangtze. Wuxi Shuofang International Airport is 30 km away; Shanghai's airports are 160 km.

Customer audits and third-party inspections are welcome. Email sales@steelforgepieces.com or call +86 189 2135 9659 to arrange a visit.

### How do I request a quotation?

Email sales@steelforgepieces.com with the material grade, the dimensions or a drawing, the quantity, the delivery condition, the testing and certification requirements, and the destination. The six-item checklist above covers everything needed for a firm price.

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Copyright 1997 to 2026 Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. Integrated melting works and open-die forging factory, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China.