# 1.4893 / X8CrNiSiN21-11 Open-Die Forgings (253 MA, UNS S30815) Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. — steel melting and open-die forging works, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China Canonical HTML page: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Stainless-Steel/1.4893.html Last revised: 26 September 2026 --- ## 1. Designation and scope Material number 1.4893 carries the steel name X8CrNiSiN21-11. It is one of the designations used for the 21Cr-11Ni-Si-N austenitic heat-resisting steel family that is standardised in Europe as X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 / 1.4835 (EN 10095, EN 10088-1) and sold commercially as 253 MA. Published cross-reference tables list 1.4893 and X8CrNiSiN21-11 alongside 1.4835, X7CrNiSiNCe21-11 (ISO), UNS S30815, 253 MA, MA253 and RA 253 MA as designations for the same alloy family. Practical consequence for buyers: enquiries quoting 1.4893 are normally satisfied against the EN 10095 limits for 1.4835 unless the order explicitly invokes a different specification. State the governing standard and the required inspection document on the order so the melt is certified to the right limits. | Designation system | Designation | |---|---| | Werkstoff (material no.) | 1.4893, also written 4893 | | EN steel name | X8CrNiSiN21-11 | | EN 10095 / EN 10088-1 equivalent | X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2, 1.4835 | | ISO | X7CrNiSiNCe21-11 | | ASTM / UNS | S30815 | | Trade names | 253 MA, MA253, RA 253 MA | --- ## 2. Chemical composition Two sets of limits are in circulation. The EN 10095 limits for 1.4835 are the wider of the two; the ISO / UNS S30815 limits are tighter on silicon, manganese and nitrogen. Both are given so the buyer can pick the one the application requires. Values in mass %. Iron = balance. | Element | EN 10095 (X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2, 1.4835) | ISO X7CrNiSiNCe21-11 / UNS S30815 | |---|---|---| | C | 0.05 – 0.12 | 0.05 – 0.10 | | Si | 1.40 – 2.50 | 1.40 – 2.00 | | Mn | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 0.80 | | P | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.040 | | S | ≤ 0.015 | ≤ 0.030 | | Cr | 20.00 – 22.00 | 20.00 – 22.00 | | Ni | 10.00 – 12.00 | 10.00 – 12.00 | | N | 0.12 – 0.20 | 0.14 – 0.20 | | Ce | 0.030 – 0.080 | 0.030 – 0.080 | Typical 253 MA analysis as published by the originating mill: C 0.08, Si 1.6, Mn ≤ 0.80, Cr 21, Ni 11, N 0.17, Ce 0.05. Why these elements matter: - Silicon plus cerium stabilise the Cr2O3 scale and improve its adherence under thermal cycling, which is the main reason this grade outperforms plain 19Cr-9Ni and 18Cr-10Ni austenitics in air at high temperature. - Nitrogen raises proof strength and creep strength and reduces the tendency to sigma-phase embrittlement. - Chromium and nickel are lower than in X15CrNiSi25-21 (1.4841) / AISI 310, so material cost is lower for a comparable temperature duty in air. --- ## 3. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature Solution annealed condition (+AT), per BS EN 10095 for X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 (1.4835). | Property | Symbol | Value | |---|---|---| | 0.2 % proof strength | Rp0.2 | ≥ 310 N/mm² | | 1.0 % proof strength | Rp1.0 | ≥ 350 N/mm² | | Tensile strength | Rm | 650 – 850 N/mm² | | Elongation | A | ≥ 40 % | | Brinell hardness (guidance) | HB | ≤ 210 | Notes carried from the standard: for rods, only the tensile strength values apply. For sections and bars under 35 mm thickness with a final cold deformation, the maximum hardness may be raised by 100 units or the maximum tensile strength by 200 N/mm², with minimum elongation reduced to 20 %. ## 4. Physical properties | Property | Condition | Value | |---|---|---| | Density | — | 7.80 kg/dm³ | | Specific heat capacity | 20 – 100 °C | 500 J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹ | | Coefficient of linear expansion | 20 – 100 °C | 17.0 – 19.5 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ | | Thermal conductivity | 20 °C | 15 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ | | Electrical resistivity | — | 0.85 × 10⁻⁴ Ω·cm | The alloy is austenitic and therefore essentially non-magnetic in the solution annealed condition. --- ## 5. Creep rupture strength and creep limit Published values for X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 / 1.4835. Rz = creep rupture strength, R1 = 1 % creep limit, for the stated durations in hours. All values in MPa. | Property | 600 °C | 700 °C | 800 °C | 900 °C | 1000 °C | |---|---|---|---|---|---| | Rz / 1 000 h | 238 | 105 | 50 | 24 | 12 | | Rz / 10 000 h | 157 | 63 | 27 | 13 | 7 | | Rz / 100 000 h | 88 | 35 | 15 | 8 | 4 | | R1 / 1 000 h | 170 | 66 | 31 | 15.5 | 8 | | R1 / 10 000 h | 126 | 45 | 19 | 10 | 5 | | R1 / 100 000 h | 80 | 26 | 11 | 6 | 3 | These are material data for design reference only. They are not a warranty for a specific component; design allowables must come from the applicable design code. --- ## 6. High-temperature behaviour and corrosion - Isothermal service in air: published guidance for this grade covers roughly 700 – 1100 °C, with the alloy's cost/performance advantage strongest in that band. - The protective surface film is Cr2O3, stabilised by Si and Ce, which is what gives the grade its resistance under cyclic heating and in exhaust gas atmospheres. - Resistance to sulphur-bearing atmospheres is reported as comparable to the ferritic grades X10CrAlSi18 (1.4742) and X10CrAlSi24 (1.4762), which is unusual for an austenitic steel. - Carburising and nitriding atmospheres: resistance is good, but AISI 310 / 314 type grades (X15CrNiSi25-21, 1.4841) remain better and should be preferred where carburisation dominates. - Also reported as resistant to erosion, steam and deformation under load at temperature, with high creep strength for its alloy content. Not suitable for seawater or chloride-bearing aqueous service. With no molybdenum and 21 % Cr, this is a heat-resisting grade, not a marine corrosion grade; use a duplex or 6 Mo austenitic alloy for that duty. --- ## 7. Forging, heat treatment and fabrication | Operation | Temperature | Time | Cooling | |---|---|---|---| | Hot / thermo-mechanical working | 900 – 1150 °C | — | — | | Solution (softening) annealing | 1020 – 1120 °C | 5 – 20 min | fast, air or water | | Stress-relief annealing | 850 – 950 °C | < 30 min | fast in air | | Hot bending | 850 – 1100 °C | — | — | Cold forming: workable like other high-alloy austenitics, but the nitrogen content means higher forming forces than X15CrNiSi25-21 (1.4841) and noticeable springback, so allow for compensation. Annealing after cold bending is not mandatory but is recommended for parts — bent tube in particular — that will operate above 800 °C. Hot ductility is considerably better than that of the ferritic heat-resisting grades. Welding: covered-electrode arc welding, pure argon TIG, plasma and MIG (Ar + 0.03 % NO, or Ar + 30 % He + approx. 2.25 % CO2) are all used. TIG and MIG give the best high-temperature creep performance in the joint. Matching or over-alloyed filler should be specified for high-temperature service. --- ## 8. Typical applications Furnace and combustion hardware: combustion chambers, burner components, radiant and radiator tubes, air heating tubes, heat treatment furnace tubes and fixtures, heat treatment stands, recuperators, heat exchangers, refractory anchors, tube supports and pipe hooks, tubular guards, thermocouple tubes. Process and power plant: CFBC boiler components, exhaust manifolds, ash hopper covers, impact separators, air heating tubes in sulphuric acid gas converters, styrene reactor and convection tubes, turbine and fan rotors, valves. Glass, cement and steelworks: glass foundry moulds and related tooling. Forged product forms commonly supplied in this grade: rings, flanges, tube sheets, discs, hubs, shafts, sleeves, bushings, blocks, stepped shafts and rough-machined blanks. --- ## 9. Supply from Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Integrated works: steel melting and open-die forging on one site, operating since 1997, approximately 460 employees. | Capability | Figure | |---|---| | Heat size | 25 – 60 t | | Forging presses | up to 6 300 t | | Ring rolling | up to 6 000 mm outside diameter | | Maximum single forged piece | 30 t | | Minimum order quantity | 10 kg | | Lead time | 20 – 60 days, dependent on size and heat treatment route | | Quotation turnaround | within 2 working days | In-house operations: melting (EAF plus ladle refining, with VIM / VAR / ESR routes available), open-die forging, ring rolling, heat treatment furnaces, rough and finish machining, and mechanical, chemical and non-destructive testing. Third-party approvals held: CCS, BV, DNV, LR and NK. EN 10204 3.1 certification is issued as standard; 3.2 with a nominated third party on request. To quote, supply: grade and governing standard, drawing or dimensions with machining allowance, quantity, required delivery condition (+AT, as-forged, rough-machined), test and certification requirements, and destination port. ### Contact Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China Telephone: +86-189-2135-9659 Email: sales@steelforgepieces.com Web: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/ --- ## 10. Frequently asked questions **Is 1.4893 the same as 253 MA?** Published cross-reference tables list 1.4893 / X8CrNiSiN21-11 among the equivalent designations for the 21Cr-11Ni-Si-N alloy standardised as X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 / 1.4835 and marketed as 253 MA. Orders should name the standard to be certified against, because the EN 10095 limits and the tighter UNS S30815 limits differ on Si, Mn, S and N. **What is the ASTM/UNS equivalent?** UNS S30815. **What service temperature range applies?** Published guidance for this grade in air is approximately 700 – 1100 °C for isothermal service. The limit for any specific part depends on load, atmosphere and thermal cycling and must be set by the design code, not by a grade datasheet. **What is the forging temperature?** Hot working is carried out at 900 – 1150 °C, followed by solution annealing at 1020 – 1120 °C with rapid cooling where the delivery condition requires it. **Can it be used in seawater?** No. It contains no molybdenum and is intended for high-temperature service in gas atmospheres, not for chloride-bearing aqueous environments. **Is it magnetic?** It is austenitic and essentially non-magnetic in the solution annealed condition. Cold work can produce a slight response. **What is the minimum order?** 10 kg. --- ## 11. Data sources - BS EN 10095, ambient temperature mechanical properties of heat resisting steels, as tabulated by the British Stainless Steel Association: https://bssa.org.uk/bssa_articles/ambient-temperature-mechanical-properties-of-heat-resisting-steels-to-bs-en-10095/ - X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 / 1.4835 / 253 MA composition, creep, physical property