# 1.4833 / X12CrNi23-13 Forgings

**1.4833 (X12CrNi23-13) is a heat resisting austenitic chromium nickel steel to EN 10095, with 22.0 to 24.0 % Cr, 12.0 to 14.0 % Ni and carbon up to 0.15 %. It resists hot gases and products of combustion above 550 C and is rated to 1000 C in air, which makes it an industrial furnace construction grade rather than a wet corrosion grade.** Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. melts this steel in its own furnaces and forges it on the same site in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China. Single pieces run to 30 tonnes and rolled rings to 6,000 mm outside diameter. Minimum order 10 kg, lead time 20 to 60 days, EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certification.

## Grade summary

| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Material number | 1.4833 |
| Name | X12CrNi23-13 |
| Standard | EN 10095 (2018-12 edition supersedes 1999-05) |
| Type | Austenitic, heat resisting, not hardenable by heat treatment |
| Near equivalent | AISI 309S, UNS S30908, not identical |
| Service range | 550 to 1000 C in air |
| Creep governed limit | About 700 C under mechanical load |
| Weldability | Suitable for all welding methods |
| Supplier | Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., +86 189 2135 9659, sales@steelforgepieces.com |

## Chemical composition

Composition limits, % by mass.

| Element | EN 1.4833 / X12CrNi23-13 | AISI 309S / UNS S30908 |
|---|---|---|
| C | max 0.15 | max 0.08 |
| Si | max 1.00 | max 1.00 |
| Mn | max 2.00 | max 2.00 |
| P | max 0.045 | max 0.045 |
| S | max 0.015 | max 0.030 |
| Cr | 22.0 to 24.0 | 22.0 to 24.0 |
| Ni | 12.0 to 14.0 | 12.0 to 15.0 |
| N | max 0.11 | not specified |
| Fe | balance | balance |

Carbon, sulphur and nickel differ between the two specifications, and the limits pull in opposite directions. A heat certified to 309S may carry sulphur up to 0.030 %, which fails the 1.4833 limit of 0.015 %. A heat certified to 1.4833 may carry carbon up to 0.15 %, which fails the 309S limit of 0.08 %. For dual certification the melt is aimed at the overlap: C max 0.08, S max 0.015, Ni 12.0 to 14.0.

## Temperature limits and atmosphere behaviour

Resistant to hot gases and products of combustion above 550 C. Highest application temperature in air is 1000 C. Resistance to sulphur bearing gases is low in both reducing and oxidising conditions, with a usable ceiling around 900 C. Resistance to nitrogenous and oxygen deficient gases and to carburisation is medium. Sources disagree here: one supplier datasheet calls the grade resistant to carburising, nitriding and carbonitriding atmospheres, while DIN EN 10095:2018-12 material data rates that resistance as medium. For carburising service, assume medium and qualify by trial.

Held at 750 to 800 C the structure tends to a two phase condition with sigma phase separation, and impact strength falls. Design cycled or impact loaded parts on aged properties.

| Material number | Type | Nominal Cr / Ni | Max service in air |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4833 | 309 | 22 Cr / 12 Ni | 1000 C |
| 1.4845 | 310 | 25 Cr / 20 Ni | 1050 C |
| 1.4886 | 330 | 18 Cr / 34 Ni | 1100 C |
| 1.4835 | 253 type | 20 Cr / 10 Ni, Si, N, Ce | 1150 C |

## Mechanical and physical properties, solution annealed (+AT)

| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile strength Rm | 500 to 700 MPa |
| Proof strength Rp0.2 | min 210 MPa |
| Elongation A | min 33 % |
| Hardness | max 192 HB |
| Thermal conductivity | 15 W/(m K) |
| Specific heat capacity | 500 J/(kg K) |
| Specific electrical resistance | 0.78 micro-ohm m |
| Coefficient of linear expansion | 16.0 to 19.5 x 10-6 per K |
| Structure | Austenitic, not hardenable by heat treatment |

EN 10095 covers rolled and drawn product forms. For forgings, acceptance values are agreed at order stage and tested on the forging itself.

## Creep limit and creep rupture strength, MPa

| Property | 600 C | 700 C | 800 C | 900 C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Creep limit R1/1000 h | 100 | 40 | 18 | 8 |
| Creep limit R1/10000 h | 65 | 25 | 10 | 5 |
| Rupture Rz/1000 h | 190 | 75 | 35 | 15 |
| Rupture Rz/10000 h | 120 | 36 | 18 | 8.5 |
| Rupture Rz/100000 h | 65 | 16 | 7.5 | 3 |

Scaling resistance reaches 1000 C but load capacity at 900 C is only 3 MPa for 100,000 hours. The lower of the two limits governs the design.

## Melting, forging and heat treatment

Melted on the electric arc furnace route: EF, ladle refining, then vacuum oxygen decarburisation where carbon and nitrogen need tight control. Maximum heat size 60 tonnes. No remelting step is needed for this grade, so it sits at the short end of the 20 to 60 day lead time.

Forged on 6,300 t, 4,000 t and 2,000 t hydraulic open-die presses with 5 t, 3 t, 2 t, 1 t and 750 kg hammers. Rings rolled on 6 m, 3 m and 1 m radial-axial mills. Published hot working practice for the 309S type starts near 1120 to 1177 C with reheating above roughly 980 C; sources give slightly different windows, so the schedule is fixed against the governing specification first.

Solution annealed after forging and cooled rapidly. Published practice for this grade is 1050 to 1150 C; 1000 to 1150 C plus rapid quench is the recommendation given for the 309S type after hot forming. Fourteen heat treatment furnaces on site, including three high temperature car bottom furnaces and two well furnaces 15,000 mm deep for vertical quenching of long shafts. Machining is slow because of high ductility, so allow generous stock and expect lower cutting speeds than on 304.

| Parameter | Limit |
|---|---|
| Single piece weight | 10 kg to 30,000 kg |
| Seamless rolled rings | OD 50 mm to OD 6,000 mm |
| Shaft length | up to 14,000 mm turned |
| Discs, tube sheets, blocks | up to 5,000 mm machined diameter |
| Bored cylinders and hollows | up to 1,600 mm dia x 10,000 mm |
| Delivery condition | As forged, proof machined, or finish machined |
| Minimum order | 10 kg, no minimum piece count |
| Lead time | 20 to 60 days |

## Products forged in 1.4833

Forged rings and seamless rolled rings including contoured rings and gear ring blanks; forged flanges in weld neck, blind, slip-on and long weld neck; forged round bars, flat bars and blocks; forged discs and tube sheets; forged shafts, spindles and rolls; forged sleeves, bushings and bored cylinders; forged nozzles and hollow sections. Each is forged from a single piece of steel melted on site, with no welding and no casting.

Typical service: industrial furnace construction and thermal processing hardware, including annealing boxes and covers, burner components, furnace doors and fans, muffles and retorts, recuperators, walking beams, salt bath crucibles, and chemical process apparatus at elevated temperature.

1.4833 is a dry heat grade. Carbon up to 0.15 % leaves it sensitisation prone, so it is the wrong choice for wet corrosive or polythionic acid service. Use 321H, 347H, 904L or a nickel alloy for those duties.

## Designations and near equivalents

| Region | Standard | Designation |
|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10095 | X12CrNi23-13, 1.4833 |
| Germany | SEW 470 | X7CrNi23-14 |
| International | ISO 4955 | X12CrNi23-13 |
| USA | ASTM A240 / A276 / A480, AISI, UNS | Type 309S, S30908 |
| China | GB/T 1221, GB/T 4238, GB/T 20878 | 06Cr23Ni13, S30908 |
| Japan | JIS G 4311 / G 4312 | SUH309 |
| South Korea | KS D 3731 / D 3732 | STR309 |
| Russia | GOST 5632 | 20Ch23N13 |
| France | AFNOR | Z15CN24-13 |
| UK | BS | 309S24 |
| India | IS 9516 | 15Cr24Ni13 |
| Trade names | Stahlschluessel 2016 | Therma 309S/4833 (Outokumpu), 8RE18 (Sandvik) |

Compositions behind these designations are not identical. BS 309S24 runs 13.0 to 16.0 % Ni and GOST 20Ch23N13 allows a wider range than EN 1.4833. Nominate one governing specification on the order and treat the rest as reference.

## Testing and certification

Optical emission spectrometry to ASTM E415 and infrared carbon and sulphur analysis to ASTM E1019 at the furnace, with handheld PMI on finished parts. Tensile testing on 600 kN and 300 kN machines to ASTM A370. Charpy V-notch impact to minus 60 C. Ultrasonic testing to ASTM A388 or EN 10228-3. Magnetic particle to ASTM E709. Grain size to ASTM E112. Intergranular corrosion testing to ASTM A262 placed with an accredited third party laboratory.

Documents: EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate, or EN 10204 3.2 witnessed by BV, DNV, LR, SGS, TUV or the customer's inspector. Class approvals: CCS, BV, DNV, LR, NK. Traceability runs from melt number through forging, heat treatment and machining to shipment.

## Frequently asked questions

### Is 1.4833 the same as AISI 309S?
Close, but not interchangeable. 1.4833 allows up to 0.15 % C, 12.0 to 14.0 % Ni and S max 0.015 %. 309S caps carbon at 0.08 %, allows 12 to 15 % Ni and S max 0.030 %. Neither certificate automatically satisfies the other. Specify both designations for dual certification.

### What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4833?
1000 C in air as the highest application temperature, with the application range starting at 550 C. Around 900 C in sulphur bearing gases. About 700 C where creep governs on a mechanically loaded part.

### Does 1.4833 become brittle in service?
Yes. Service around 750 to 800 C promotes sigma phase precipitation and a two phase structure, and impact strength falls. Design cycled or impact loaded parts on aged properties.

### How are 1.4833 forgings heat treated?
Solution annealed and rapidly cooled. Published practice for this grade is 1050 to 1150 C with water or air cooling; 1000 to 1150 C plus rapid quench is given for the 309S type after hot forming.

### What is the minimum order for a 1.4833 forging?
10 kg, with no minimum piece count. A single prototype ring or one machined shaft is quotable. Small parts are grouped into a furnace batch, so quantity still affects unit price.

### Is 1.4833 weldable?
Yes, by all welding methods, and it is applied in industrial furnace construction. Where the weldment sees wet corrosive service rather than dry heat, the low carbon 309S variant is safer.

### How does the cost compare with 310S / 1.4845?
Lower, because nickel runs 12 to 14 % against 19 to 22 % in 1.4845 and nickel dominates alloy cost. Where 1000 C is sufficient, 1.4833 is the cheaper answer. Prices move with the nickel market, so quotations are valid for a stated period.

## Request a quotation

| # | Item | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grade or governing specification | EN 1.4833, dual certified to 309S |
| 2 | Dimensions or drawing (PDF, DWG, DXF, STEP) | OD 1,400 x ID 1,050 x H 180 mm |
| 3 | Quantity and repeat volume | 6 pcs, twice per year |
| 4 | Delivery condition | Proof machined for UT |
| 5 | Heat treatment and testing | Solution annealed, UT to EN 10228-3 |
| 6 | Certification and destination port | EN 10204 3.2 witnessed by TUV, Hamburg |

**Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.**
No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
Telephone, WhatsApp and WeChat: +86 189 2135 9659
Email: sales@steelforgepieces.com
Business hours: Monday to Saturday, 08:00 to 17:30 China Standard Time (UTC+8)
Page URL: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Stainless-Steel/1.4833.html

## Related grades

AISI 330, AISI 321H, AISI 347H, A182 F321, 904L, Incoloy 800H, Incoloy 800HT, Inconel 601.

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Technical data compiled from EN 10095, DIN EN 10095:2018-12 material data and published grade datasheets. Values are for guidance; the governing specification and order acknowledgement take precedence. Last reviewed 26 September 2026. Copyright 1997 to 2026 Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.