# 2.4816 Forgings: Alloy 600 Rings, Flanges, Shafts and Bars Technical datasheet and supply page. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., open-die forging factory, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China. Canonical page: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Nickel-Alloy/2.4816.html Published 12 April 2019. Reviewed and updated 10 August 2026. --- ## Summary 2.4816 is the European material number (Werkstoff-Nr.) for Alloy 600, a solid-solution nickel-chromium-iron alloy containing a minimum of 72 % nickel and 14 to 17 % chromium. The same material is designated UNS N06600, NiCr15Fe, NCF 600 (JIS), NA14 (BS) and NC15Fe (AFNOR), and is sold under the trade name Inconel 600. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. It forges 2.4816 into seamless rolled rings, forged rings, flanges, shafts, round bars, discs, sleeves, bushings, tube sheets and hollow cylinders. Forgings are produced to ASTM B564 / ASME SB-564 and supplied with EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certification. Enquiries go to sales@steelforgepieces.com or +86-189-2135-9659. | Key fact | Value | |---|---| | Werkstoff-Nr. | 2.4816 | | UNS | N06600 | | Density | 8.47 g/cm3 | | Melting range | 1354 to 1413 C | | Max continuous service | 1093 C | | Forging range | 1038 to 1232 C | --- ## What is 2.4816 and why is it forged? 2.4816 is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy used where a part has to resist high-temperature oxidation and aqueous corrosion at the same time. Nickel above 72 % gives resistance under reducing conditions and makes the alloy effectively immune to chloride stress-corrosion cracking. Chromium at 14 to 17 % lifts oxidation resistance well above that of commercially pure nickel. The alloy is not hardenable by heat treatment. It is a single-phase solid solution and picks up strength only from cold work. What a buyer actually receives is therefore set by the forging route, the finish temperature and the final anneal. Forging also closes porosity and refines grain, so a forged ring or shaft has better fatigue life and better through-thickness soundness than the same part machined out of plate. In oxidising atmospheres the alloy stays structurally stable in continuous service to about 1093 C (2000 F), and it stays ductile down to cryogenic temperatures. It holds up in caustic solutions and in dry chlorine and hydrogen chloride at elevated temperature. It does not hold up in hot concentrated nitric acid or in strongly oxidising acid mixtures. For those services, use Alloy 625 or move to a different alloy family. --- ## 2.4816 equivalent grades and standards If a drawing calls out any of the designations below, the same material can be supplied. A material test certificate can name both the ordered designation and its cross-reference. | Country / system | Designation | Applies to | |---|---|---| | Germany / EN (W.-Nr.) | 2.4816 | All product forms | | EN chemical symbol | NiCr15Fe | All product forms | | USA, UNS | N06600 | All product forms | | USA, ASTM / ASME | B564 / SB-564 | Forgings | | USA, ASTM / ASME | B166 / SB-166 | Rod, bar and forging stock | | USA, SAE AMS | AMS 5665, AMS 5687 | Bar, forgings and rings | | Trade name | Inconel 600 | Registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation | | United Kingdom, BS | NA14 (BS 3072 to 3076) | All product forms | | France, AFNOR | NC15Fe | All product forms | | Japan, JIS | NCF 600 | All product forms | | China, GB | GH3600 / NS3102 | All product forms | | Germany, DIN | DIN 17742, 17752 to 17754 | Bar, wire and forging stock | | ISO | ISO 9723 / 9724 / 9725 | Bar, wire and forging stock | | Pressure equipment | VdTUV 305 | German pressure-vessel approval | Inconel is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is not affiliated with Special Metals Corporation. The name is used here only to identify the alloy chemistry. --- ## Chemical composition of 2.4816 (Alloy 600) The chemical composition of 2.4816 is nickel plus cobalt 72.0 % minimum, chromium 14.0 to 17.0 % and iron 6.0 to 10.0 %, with the residual elements limited as shown. Percentages are by weight. | Ni + Co | Cr | Fe | C | Mn | S | Si | Cu | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 72.0 min | 14.0-17.0 | 6.0-10.0 | 0.15 max | 1.00 max | 0.015 max | 0.50 max | 0.50 max | ### Carbon control on welded and nuclear parts ASTM B564 permits carbon up to 0.15 %. Carbon above about 0.08 % raises the risk of chromium-carbide sensitisation when a part is welded or held between 427 C and 760 C. For welded assemblies, nuclear components and long service in that band, put a tighter carbon maximum on the purchase order so that it appears on the material test certificate. 2.4816 is melted by EAF plus VOD, and ESR remelt is available where a cleaner, more homogeneous ingot is needed. --- ## Mechanical properties of 2.4816 forgings In the annealed condition 2.4816 forgings meet a minimum tensile strength of 550 MPa, a minimum 0.2 % proof stress of 240 MPa and a minimum elongation of 30 %. Solution-annealed material is softer and more ductile: 500 MPa tensile, 180 MPa proof stress and 35 % elongation. The figures are room-temperature minima for the delivery condition stated. | Delivery condition | Tensile strength Rm, N/mm2 | Proof stress Rp0.2, N/mm2 | Elongation A5, % | Brinell hardness, HB | |---|---|---|---|---| | Annealed | 550 | 240 | 30 | 195 max | | Solution annealed | 500 | 180 | 35 | 185 max | Typical rather than minimum room-temperature values for annealed Alloy 600 fall between 552 and 689 MPa tensile, 172 and 310 MPa proof stress, and 35 to 45 % elongation, with hardness from 120 HB to 200 HB depending on section size and prior cold work. Strength falls away rapidly above about 650 C. Components carrying load at high temperature have to be designed against creep-rupture data, not against these room-temperature figures. --- ## Physical properties of 2.4816 | Property | Metric | Imperial | |---|---|---| | Density | 8.47 g/cm3 | 0.306 lb/in3 | | Melting range | 1354-1413 C | 2470-2575 F | | Modulus of elasticity | 207 GPa | 30.0 x 10^3 ksi | | Specific heat | 444 J/kg.K | 0.106 Btu/lb.F | | Thermal conductivity | 14.9 W/m.K | 103 Btu.in/h.ft2.F | | Mean coefficient of thermal expansion, 20 to 100 C | 13.3 um/m.K | 7.4 x 10^-6 in/in.F | | Electrical resistivity | 1.03 uOhm.m | 620 Ohm.circ mil/ft | | Curie temperature | -124 C | -191 F | | Magnetic permeability at 20 C | 1.010 | Non-magnetic in service | --- ## Forging and heat treatment of 2.4816 ### Forging temperatures Forge 2.4816 between 1038 C and 1232 C (1900 to 2250 F). Heavy reductions are taken at the upper end of the range. Finishing passes are made near the lower end so that grain size stays under control. The band from 649 C to 871 C has low hot ductility and has to be avoided. Hot tearing in this range is the most common cause of scrap in Alloy 600 forgings. ### Heat treatment 2.4816 cannot be strengthened by precipitation hardening. Two treatments are used: - Soft or mill annealing at 920 to 1010 C, held to section, then cooled rapidly. Gives fine grain, maximum ductility and the best room-temperature corrosion behaviour. This is the normal delivery condition for pressure parts and valve components. - Solution annealing at 1010 to 1150 C, water quenched or rapidly air cooled. Produces a coarser grain on purpose, which improves creep-rupture life for furnace and high-temperature service at the cost of some room-temperature strength. The heat treatment condition has to be stated on the purchase order. Annealed and solution annealed are different products with different property minima, and a certificate that does not name the condition is incomplete. ### Machining and welding 2.4816 work-hardens fast. Machine with sharp positive-rake tooling, rigid setups, slow surface speeds and heavy positive feeds, using water-based coolant. Dwelling in the cut glazes the surface and destroys tool life. For welding, GTAW, SMAW, GMAW and SAW are all used with matching-composition filler. Joint faces must be clean and free of oil, paint and marking crayon, because sulphur and lead pick-up causes hot cracking. --- ## 2.4816 forged product forms Produced by open-die forging and ring rolling, machined to rough envelope or to finished dimensions: Seamless rolled rings, forged rings, forged flanges, forged shafts, forged round bars, forged discs and disks, forged sleeves, forged bushings, forged tube sheets, forged tubes and pipes, hollow cylinders, forged blocks, forged nozzles, valve bodies, valve stems and seat rings, gear and pinion blanks, spindles and eccentric shafts, custom open-die shapes. --- ## Sizes, tolerances and delivery condition | Form | Range | Notes | |---|---|---| | Seamless rolled rings | OD 200-3000 mm | Wall and height to drawing | | Forged round bars | Dia. 60-1000 mm | Length to 6000 mm | | Discs and blanks | Dia. 100-2500 mm | Thickness to drawing | | Single-piece weight | 20-8000 kg | Heavier by enquiry | | Delivery condition | As-forged, annealed or solution annealed | State on the order | | Surface | Black, shot-blasted, pickled or rough machined | Machining allowance agreed per drawing | --- ## Applications of 2.4816 forged parts by industry - Chemical processing: rolled rings and shafts for chemical pumps and plunger pumps, sleeves and bushings for reactors and crystallisers, forged nozzles and manifolds. - Pressure vessels and heat exchangers: forged tube sheets, flanges, shells and hollow forgings for shell-and-tube heat exchangers, air receivers and pressure vessels. - Process plant: rings, flanges and shafts for columns and towers, tanks, silos, preheaters and skid-mounted process modules. - Oil, gas and offshore: bushings, sleeves and discs for subsea and deepwater production systems, wellhead and Christmas-tree components, industrial air compressors and nitrogen generators. - Valves: forged valve bodies, stems, seat rings and blocks for ball, gate, globe, check and plug valves and strainers. - Power transmission and rotating equipment: forged rings, spindles, bars and gear blanks for turbines, gas compressors and gearboxes. - Heat treatment plant: retorts, muffles, fixtures and furnace hardware working at up to 1093 C. - Heavy industry: forged crankshafts, rolls and wheels for cement mills, sugar mills, concrete mixers, shipbuilding, pulp and paper, and pharmaceutical and biochemical plant. --- ## Testing, inspection and certification Every 2.4816 forging is tested and certified before despatch. Ultrasonic testing is performed and reported to the standard named on the order. | Test | Standard | Supplied | |---|---|---| | Chemical analysis | Spectrographic, per ASTM B564 | Every heat | | Tensile and elongation | ASTM A370 / ISO 6892-1 | Every batch | | Hardness | Brinell, ASTM E10 | Every batch | | Ultrasonic testing | EN 10228-3, SEP 1921, ASTM A388, ASTM E2375 | To order | | Liquid penetrant | ASTM E165 / EN ISO 3452 | To order | | Grain size | ASTM E112 | To order | | Intergranular corrosion | ASTM G28 method A | To order | | Material certificate | EN 10204 3.1 | Standard | | Third-party certificate | EN 10204 3.2 | TUV, SGS, BV, Lloyd's or client inspector | Traceability runs from heat number through forging, heat treatment and testing to the finished part, with hard stamping or vibro-etching of the heat and item number as specified. --- ## 2.4816 vs 2.4856 vs 2.4668: which nickel alloy to forge Most enquiries for nickel alloy forgings come down to a choice between these three grades. Use 2.4816 for high-temperature oxidation and caustic service. Use 2.4856 for aggressive wet corrosion and seawater. Use 2.4668 where high strength up to about 700 C is the governing requirement. | | 2.4816, Alloy 600 | 2.4856, Alloy 625 | 2.4668, Alloy 718 | |---|---|---|---| | UNS | N06600 | N06625 | N07718 | | Strengthening | Solid solution | Solid solution | Age hardenable | | Typical tensile, annealed | 550-690 MPa | 830-1030 MPa | 1240-1400 MPa (aged) | | Best at | Oxidation to 1093 C, caustic, chloride SCC | Seawater, pitting, acids with chlorides | High strength to 700 C | | Weak against | Hot concentrated nitric acid | Cost, long-term ageing above 650 C | Oxidation above 700 C | | Relative cost | Lowest of the three | Highest, from Mo and Nb | High, from Nb, Ti, Al and ageing | --- ## Frequently asked questions **What is 2.4816 material?** 2.4816 is the European material number (Werkstoff-Nr.) for Alloy 600, a solid-solution nickel-chromium-iron alloy with a minimum of 72 % nickel and 14 to 17 % chromium. It is used where a part has to resist oxidation at high temperature and corrosion in reducing or chloride-bearing environments. **Is 2.4816 the same as Inconel 600?** Yes. 2.4816, Alloy 600, UNS N06600 and Inconel 600 all describe the same chemistry. Inconel is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation, so specifications and purchase orders normally use the generic designations Alloy 600, UNS N06600 or W.-Nr. 2.4816. **Which standards cover 2.4816 forgings?** Forgings are ordered to ASTM B564 / ASME SB-564. Bar and forging stock fall under ASTM B166 / ASME SB-166, AMS 5665 and AMS 5687. European equivalents include DIN 17752 to 17754 and VdTUV 305. ISO 9723, 9724 and 9725 apply to bar, wire and forging stock. **What is the chemical composition of 2.4816?** Nickel plus cobalt 72.0 % minimum, chromium 14.0 to 17.0 %, iron 6.0 to 10.0 %, carbon 0.15 % max, manganese 1.00 % max, silicon 0.50 % max, copper 0.50 % max and sulphur 0.015 % max. A tighter carbon limit can be held on request for welded or nuclear service. **What is the maximum service temperature of 2.4816?** Alloy 600 is used in continuous service to about 1093 C (2000 F) in oxidising atmospheres, and its melting range is 1354 to 1413 C. Allowable design stress falls sharply above about 650 C, so load-bearing high-temperature parts must be checked against creep-rupture data. **Can 2.4816 be hardened by heat treatment?** No. Alloy 600 is a solid-solution alloy and is not age-hardenable. It can only be strengthened by cold work. Heat treatment is used to soften and homogenise it: soft annealing at 920 to 1010 C, or solution annealing at 1010 to 1150 C where a coarser grain improves creep performance. **What is the correct forging temperature for 2.4816?** Forge between 1038 C and 1232 C (1900 to 2250 F). Heavy reductions are taken in the upper part of that range and finishing passes at the lower end to control grain size. The band from 649 C to 871 C has low hot ductility and must be avoided. **Is 2.4816 magnetic?** No. Alloy 600 has a Curie temperature of about -124 C, so it is non-magnetic at room temperature and at all normal service temperatures. That makes it suitable for instrumentation and magnetically sensitive assemblies. **Which 2.4816 forged product forms can Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal supply?** Seamless rolled rings, forged rings, flanges, shafts, round bars, discs, sleeves, bushings, tube sheets, hollow cylinders, blocks, nozzles, valve bodies, valve stems, seat rings, gear blanks and custom open-die shapes made to customer drawing. **What certificates are supplied with 2.4816 forgings?** Every order ships with a material test certificate to EN 10204 3.1. A 3.2 certificate countersigned by a third-party body such as TUV, SGS, BV or Lloyd's Register is available on request. Ultrasonic testing is reported to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921, ASTM A388 or ASTM E2375 as specified. **Should I choose 2.4816 or 2.4856 (Alloy 625)?** Use 2.4816 for high-temperature oxidation resistance, caustic service and chloride stress-corrosion resistance at moderate strength. Use 2.4856 where higher strength, seawater and pitting resistance, or resistance to chloride-bearing acids is needed. Alloy 625 costs more because of its molybdenum and niobium content. **How do I get a price for 2.4816 forgings?** Send the drawing or rough forging dimensions, the quantity, the applicable standard and the required delivery condition to sales@steelforgepieces.com, or call +86-189-2135-9659. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China. --- ## Request a quotation Send the following and we will quote, normally within one working day: 1. Drawing, or the rough forging dimensions 2. Quantity, or total weight in kg 3. Grade and standard, for example 2.4816 to ASTM B564 4. Delivery condition: as-forged, annealed or solution annealed 5. Certification and NDT level: EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2, UT class **Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd.** No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China Phone: +86-189-2135-9659 Email: sales@steelforgepieces.com Web: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/ --- ## Related grades - 2.4668 (Alloy 718): https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Nickel-Alloy/2.4668.html - Inconel 625 (2.4856): https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Nickel-Alloy/inconel-625.html - PH13-8Mo: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Stainless-Steel/PH13-8Mo.html - 17-4PH: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Stainless-Steel/17-4ph.html - 15-5PH: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Stainless-Steel/15-5ph.html - 17-7PH: https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Stainless-Steel/17-7ph.html --- Reference: Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., "2.4816 Forgings: Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) Technical Datasheet", steelforgepieces.com, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China. Updated 10 August 2026. Sources: ASTM B564 / ASME SB-564, ASTM B166, AMS 5665, DIN 17742, VdTUV 305 and published mill datasheets for Alloy 600. The figures are for guidance in design and procurement and are not a guarantee of properties for a specific order. The governing document is the agreed purchase specification.