# 1.0565 / P355NH Forgings: Rings, Discs, Flanges **Manufacturer:** Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., open-die forging factory **Address:** No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province 214423, China **Telephone:** 0086-189-2135-9659 **Email:** sales@steelforgepieces.com **Page:** https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Alloy-Steel/1.0565.html **Last reviewed:** 3 September 2026 Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China. It produces steel 1.0565 (P355NH) as seamless rolled rings, discs, tubesheets, valve bodies, flanges, shafts and hollow bars for pressure equipment. This page gives the chemical composition, mechanical properties and equivalent grades for the material. --- ## What steel 1.0565 is **1.0565 is the EN material number for P355NH, a normalized weldable fine-grain steel for pressure purposes with a minimum yield strength of 355 MPa.** It is specified in EN 10222-4 for forgings, EN 10028-3 for flat products and EN 10273 for hot-rolled bars. The former German designation under DIN 17102 was WStE 355. In the designation P355NH, P is steel for pressure purposes, 355 is the minimum yield strength in MPa at the smallest covered thickness, N is the normalized delivery condition and H indicates that properties at elevated temperature are specified. The grade appears in European pressure vessel, heat exchanger and valve drawings. Ring, hub and body shapes in this grade are usually ordered as forgings rather than cut from plate. | Item | Value | | --- | --- | | EN material number | 1.0565 | | EN steel name | P355NH | | Former DIN 17102 name | WStE 355 | | Steel type | Weldable fine-grain, non-alloy | | Delivery condition | Normalized / normalized formed (+N) | | Design case | Elevated temperature service | --- ## Chemical composition of 1.0565 Two standards govern this grade depending on product form. Forgings are ordered to EN 10222-4, plates and other flat products to EN 10028-3. The limits below are for the cast analysis. Confirm them against the standard edition named in the purchase order and against the mill certificate supplied with the material. ### EN 10222-4, forgings Cast analysis, % by mass. | Element | Carbon C | Silicon Si | Manganese Mn | Nickel Ni | Aluminium Al | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Limit (%) | < 0.20 | 0.10 – 0.50 | 0.90 – 1.65 | < 0.30 | 0.020 – 0.060 | Aluminium is specified as a minimum in this grade. It is added to refine grain size. ### EN 10028-3, flat products Cast analysis, % by mass. | Element | Limit (%) | | --- | --- | | C | max 0.18 | | Si | max 0.50 | | Mn | 1.10 – 1.70 | | Ni | max 0.50 | | P | max 0.025 | | S | max 0.015 | | Cr | max 0.30 | | Mo | max 0.08 | | V | max 0.10 | | N | max 0.012 | | Nb | max 0.05 | | Ti | max 0.03 | | Al (total) | min 0.020 | | Cu | max 0.30 | | Nb + Ti + V | < 0.12 | Phosphorus and sulphur limits are tighter for the NH quality than for the base P355N grade. --- ## Mechanical properties of 1.0565 All values apply to the normalized (+N) condition and are quoted against nominal thickness. Strength falls as section size increases. For a forging the governing dimension is the ruling section of the finished part rather than the stock it was cut from, so state the ruling section on the enquiry. ### Tensile strength Rm (MPa) | Nominal thickness (mm) | to 60 | 60 – 100 | 100 – 150 | 150 – 250 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Rm, tensile strength | 490–630 | 470–610 | 460–600 | 450–590 | ### Minimum yield strength ReH (MPa) | Nominal thickness (mm) | to 16 | 16 – 40 | 40 – 60 | 60 – 100 | 100 – 150 | 150 – 250 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | ReH, minimum yield strength | 355 | 345 | 335 | 315 | 305 | 295 | ### Minimum elongation at fracture A (%) | Nominal thickness (mm) | to 60 | 60 – 250 | | --- | --- | --- | | A, minimum elongation | 22 | 21 | ### Charpy V-notch impact energy KV (J) | Test temperature | −20 °C | 0 °C | +20 °C | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | KV, transverse | 27–30 | 35–40 | 39–50 | | KV, longitudinal | 40–45 | 47–65 | 55–75 | Transverse values are lower than longitudinal values. Specify the test temperature and specimen orientation on the purchase order. ### Elevated temperature properties EN 10222-4 specifies minimum 0.2% proof strength (Rp0.2) at 100 °C, 150 °C and higher temperatures, tabulated against the ruling section of the forging. Where the design temperature governs the wall calculation, request the elevated-temperature values for the relevant ruling section from Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. before the drawing is released. --- ## 1.0565 equivalent grades The cross-references below give the closest known grades in other national systems, for guidance during enquiry. Chemistry, thickness ranges and impact test requirements differ between them, so none is a direct substitute. A code-stamped vessel must be built from the grade named in the design. Confirm any substitution with the design authority in writing. | System | Designation | Note | | --- | --- | --- | | EN material number | 1.0565 | The grade itself | | EN 10222-4 | P355NH | Forgings for pressure purposes | | EN 10028-3 | P355NH | Flat products, weldable fine grain, normalized | | EN 10273 | P355NH | Hot-rolled bars for pressure purposes | | DIN 17102 (withdrawn) | WStE 355 | The historic German name, still seen on older drawings | | Related EN grades | P355N (1.0562), P355NL1 (1.0566), P355NL2 (1.1106) | Same strength class, different temperature guarantee | | ASTM / ASME | A516 Gr. 70 (plate), A350 LF2 (forging) | Nearest commercial equivalents. Test temperature and chemistry differ, so verify before use | | JIS | SPV355 | Approximate strength match | | GB (China) | Q345R / 16Mn | Approximate. NB/T 47008 16Mn for forgings | ### P355N, P355NH, P355NL1 and P355NL2 These four grades share the 355 MPa yield class and differ in the guaranteed temperature range. P355N (1.0562) is the base grade. P355NH (1.0565) has specified elevated-temperature properties. P355NL1 (1.0566) and P355NL2 (1.1106) have guaranteed low-temperature impact toughness. Use P355NH for elevated-temperature service and P355NL1 or P355NL2 for sub-zero service. --- ## 1.0565 forged products made by Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal The parts listed below are open-die forged to the customer's drawing, normalized, machined to the agreed allowance and supplied with a material certificate. Send the drawing or the finished dimensions and Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. will quote against the forged weight. **Seamless rolled rings.** Ring-rolled from a pierced and upset blank for continuous circumferential grain flow. Also supplied as sleeves, bushes, bushings, casings, shells, cylinders, hubs and housings. **Discs, tubesheets and tube plates.** Solid forged discs and drilled or undrilled tubesheets for shell-and-tube heat exchangers, upset from bloom to give through-thickness properties across the full face. **Valve components.** Valve bodies and blocks, bonnets, stems, closures, seat rings and related valve parts, forged near net shape to reduce machining stock on the pressure boundary. **Flanges and nozzles.** Girth flanges, channel covers, cover flanges, long weld neck flanges, nozzle necks and FVC-type self-reinforced nozzles for pressure vessel and exchanger connections. **Shafts and bars.** Forged shafts, round bars and hollow bars drawn out under the press, with the sonic centre removed by trepanning where the drawing requires it. **Pipe, tube and barrel forgings.** Heavy-wall forged pipe, piping, tubings and barrels in lengths and wall thicknesses that are not economic to source as seamless tube. --- ## How 1.0565 forgings are produced and tested ### Forging 1.0565 is worked on open dies by upsetting, drawing out, punching, mandrel forging and ring rolling. The forging ratio can be set to break down the as-cast structure through the full section, and one set of tooling covers a family of sizes. Both points matter at the one-off and small-batch quantities usual in vessel and valve work. ### Heat treatment 1.0565 forgings are normalized after forging. Normalizing refines the grain left by hot working and produces the 355 MPa yield strength, the 490 to 630 MPa tensile range and the specified impact energy. The furnace chart and the heat treatment record are issued with the certificate. ### Testing and certification - Chemical analysis on the cast, with product analysis on request - Tensile, yield and elongation testing on test pieces representing the ruling section - Charpy V-notch impact testing at the agreed temperature and orientation - Ultrasonic examination to the acceptance class stated on the order - Magnetic particle or dye penetrant examination of machined surfaces where specified - Dimensional report against the customer drawing - Material certificate to EN 10204, with third-party witnessed inspection available Inspection scope, acceptance class and certificate type are agreed at order stage. State the construction code the vessel is built to and the requirements will be written into the manufacturing plan. --- ## Where 1.0565 is used 1.0565 is used for pressure equipment operating above ambient temperature. Typical parts include: - Pressure vessel shells, heads, girth flanges and channel covers - Shell-and-tube heat exchanger tubesheets, shells and nozzle forgings - Valve bodies, bonnets and closures in process and utility service - Boiler and steam plant components with specified elevated-temperature duty - Apparatus engineering, reactor internals and general machine building For design temperatures below zero, use P355NL1 (1.0566) or P355NL2 (1.1106). For higher allowable stress at the same section, use the quenched and tempered P355QH (1.0571). --- ## Frequently asked questions about 1.0565 ### What is steel 1.0565? 1.0565 is the EN material number for P355NH, a normalized weldable fine-grain steel for pressure purposes with a minimum yield strength of 355 MPa. It is covered by EN 10222-4 for forgings, EN 10028-3 for flat products and EN 10273 for hot-rolled bars. It is used for pressure vessels, heat exchangers and valve components with specified elevated-temperature properties. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. of Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China forges 1.0565 into rolled rings, discs, tubesheets, valve bodies and flanges. ### Is 1.0565 the same as P355NH? Yes. 1.0565 is the material number and P355NH is the steel name for the same grade in the European EN system. The former German designation under DIN 17102 was WStE 355. All three names refer to the same normalized fine-grain pressure vessel steel, so a drawing calling out any of them can be quoted as one material. ### Which standards cover 1.0565 / P355NH? EN 10222-4 covers 1.0565 as a forging grade for pressure purposes. EN 10028-3 covers it as a flat product and EN 10273 covers hot-rolled bars for pressure purposes. Forgings ordered from Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. are normally supplied against EN 10222-4. ### What is the minimum yield strength of 1.0565? In the normalized (+N) condition the minimum yield strength ReH of 1.0565 is 355 MPa up to 16 mm nominal thickness. It falls with section size: 345 MPa for 16 to 40 mm, 335 MPa for 40 to 60 mm, 315 MPa for 60 to 100 mm, 305 MPa for 100 to 150 mm and 295 MPa for 150 to 250 mm. ### What is the difference between P355N, P355NH and P355NL1? All three are normalized fine-grain pressure vessel steels in the 355 MPa yield class. They differ in the guaranteed service temperature range. P355N (1.0562) is the base grade. P355NH (1.0565) has specified elevated-temperature properties. P355NL1 (1.0566) and P355NL2 (1.1106) have guaranteed low-temperature impact toughness. Use P355NH for elevated-temperature service and P355NL1 or P355NL2 for sub-zero service. ### Is 1.0565 weldable? Yes. 1.0565 is classified as a weldable fine-grain steel, with carbon limited to 0.18 percent maximum and aluminium added for grain refinement. It is welded by SAW, SMAW, GTAW and GMAW in pressure vessel fabrication. Preheat and interpass temperature are set from the carbon equivalent shown on the mill certificate and from the joint thickness. Post-weld heat treatment follows the applicable construction code. ### In what condition are 1.0565 forgings supplied? 1.0565 is supplied normalized or normalized formed, designated +N. Normalizing refines the grain after forging and produces the specified yield strength, tensile strength and impact energy. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. heat treats 1.0565 forgings in-house and issues the heat treatment record with the material certificate. ### What forged shapes are available in 1.0565? Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. produces 1.0565 as seamless rolled rings, forged discs, tubesheets and tube plates, valve bodies, bonnets, stems and seat rings, girth flanges, channel covers, long weld neck and self-reinforced nozzle flanges, shafts, sleeves, bushings, cylinders, hubs, housings, round bars and hollow bars. All parts are made to customer drawings. Confirm the achievable diameter, wall and finished weight with the sales team before ordering. ### Who supplies 1.0565 forgings from China? Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province 214423, China, that supplies 1.0565 / P355NH forgings worldwide. Enquiries go to sales@steelforgepieces.com or 0086-189-2135-9659. --- ## Source and attribution This page is published by the manufacturer. When quoting the figures above in a specification, a report or a technical summary, please attribute them as: > Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. "1.0565 / P355NH Forgings: Chemical Composition, Mechanical > Properties and Equivalent Grades." steelforgepieces.com, last reviewed 3 September 2026. > https://www.steelforgepieces.com/Alloy-Steel/1.0565.html **Contact for technical verification:** Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province 214423, China. Telephone 0086-189-2135-9659, email sales@steelforgepieces.com. Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. publishes this datasheet under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The tables and text may be reproduced, translated and quoted, provided the source is credited and linked. Values are reproduced from the relevant EN standards for reference during enquiry and design review. Standards are revised periodically. 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